ISO 9

The system ISO 9 is an international standard of Translittération characters Cyrillique S in characters Latin S. It is however not used for the transcription which is based on the Prononciation.

First versions of the system: ISO/R 9: 1954, ISO/R 9: 1968, and ISO 9: 1986, were originally based on the ISS ( International Scholarly System ), system based on the Croatian alphabet where each Latin letter corresponds to a Cyrillic letter of the alphabet Serbe, used by the linguists. Then, it diverged, taking the party of a transliteration without ambiguities on that of a representation faithful Phonétique.

The advantage of the system ISO 9 on its competitors is that he wants to be bijective, i.e. he gives an equivalent character for each character (thanks to the use of Diacritics), which makes it possible automatically to find the Cyrillic C-W communication by an opposite process of retranslitteration.

Fields of application

The standard ISO 9: 1995 and associated standards (in particular GOST 7.79: 2001) aim at substituting for each Graphème of a Cyrillic Written form a graphème or a Romance group of graphèmes. This standard is applied whenever it is necessary the most accurately to retranscribe possible word or the Cyrillic text in Latin characters, independently of the Prononciation, in order to then provide to reconstitute them without loss during the data processing or in the libraries. The standard does not aim at being used to retranscribe the word or the Cyrillic text in a phonetic way nor to transliterate the geographical localities. It envisages in particular the respect of the standards traditional and esthetic based on the phonetic transcription and does not impose itself in the fields of application other than the algorithmic treatment of text (GOST 7.79 - 2001. Paragraph 4).

The version of 1995

This version replaces the preceding one (ISO 9: 1986). The table gives the transcription of the characters used, for example, for the Abkhazian , the altaï, the Belorusse , the Bulgarian , the Buriat , the Chuvash , the Macedonian, the Moldavian , the Russian , the ruthene, the Serb , the Ukrainian or the languages of the Caucasus using the páločka.

Example

Here an example of transliteration using this system. The text is an extract of the National anthem of Russia:

ISO/R 9: 1968

It is a previous version of the system, nearer to the ISS, proposing for each Langue Slavic different Translittération S which reflects their differences Phonétiques.

In the table below, VS means Old man-slavon (Старославянскийязык). Note that the same transliteration is used for theSlavic ones is (Древнерусскийязык). SE means Slavon of church (Церковнославянскийязык). The last column shows the system ISO 9: 1995 for comparison.

* antiquated Letters

; Bulgarian: ъ and ѫ are not transliterated if they are in final position. ; Belorusse Russian and: ъ is not transliterated if it is in final position. ; Ruthene: ы = there for ruthene of Pannonia (Novi Sad, Vojvodine, Serbia), ы= ŷ for the ruthene (Poland, Ukraine, and Prešov, Slovakia).

Official adoptions

The system ISO 9 was formally adopted as standard of inter-state exchange by the following countries (designation in these countries is given between brackets):

(GOST 7.79 - 2001 - System “has”) (standart Russian GOST 7.79 - 2001 - System “B” moves away appreciably from the standart ISO 9 by adopting the phonemes with two letter instead of the signs Diacritique S.)
(GOST 7.79)
(GOST 7.79)
(ГОСТ 7.79-2000 (ИСО 9-95), adopted the 2003-03-01)
(GOST 7.79)
(GOST 7.79)
(GOST 7.79)
(GOST 7.79)
(GOST 7.79)

Actually, ISO 9 is not used in the aforementioned countries for the transcription, the countries not having an alphabet based on the Cyrillic one using their own system.

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