Hypernova
A hypernova is a theoretical type of Supernova produces when a exceptionally massive star crumbles at the end of its life. In a hypernova, the heart of star crumbles directly in a Black hole and two jets of extremely energy plasma are emitted along the axis of rotation of star at a speed close to that of the light. These jets emit intense gamma rays, and could explain the origin of the starts gamma.
According to the theories, the energy released by a hypernova relatively near would be able to eliminate all traces from life on Ground. Scientists of NASA and university of the Kansas published a study in 2005 showing that a massive extinction of species occurred on Earth 450 million years ago (Ordovicien), could be started by a flash of gamma rays.
Striking the Earth during this would be only 10 seconds, the flash of gamma rays started by a hypernova could destroy until half of the Couche of ozone. The layer of ozone being damaged, the rays Ultraviolet S of the Sun would arrive in great quantity at surface, destroying a good part of the life on the continents and on the surface of the oceans and the lakes, thus breaking the Food chain.
If the hypernovæ can occur only with very massive stars from at least 40 solar masses, the Earth is protected finally rather well from this kind of event, the supposed star of this size nearest (η Carinae) being with more: 8,000 light-years of us.
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