By hypercholesterolemy (literally: Cholestérolémie high) one hears an high rate of blood Cholestérol. It is not a Maladie in oneself but a metabolic disorder . In term of public health, one will speak about Risk factor. Its pathogenic character is related to the distribution of cholesterol in the lipoproteins. Some (Apo B) can appear atherogenes when they are unbalanced. In the same way, the excess of LDL and VLDL compared to the HDL is regarded as a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases.

Signs and symptoms

- xanthelasma : slightly elevated zones given luster to on the level cutaneous. Principal localization: perish-orbital area. Sees itself mainly among patients with chronic hypercholesterolemy. Is not a marker of gravity in oneself.

- gérontoxon : perish-pupillary ring appearing in a physiological way in elderly but also at younger people with hypercholesterolemy.

- complications related to the athérosclérose (infarction myocardic, cerebral vascular accident…)

Diagnosis

The clinical signs are not very important: fatigability with the effort, swarming on the vascular ways. The diagnosis is made by biological proportioning at the time of a blood test.

Classification

August 1st

Family Hypercholesterolemy

Treatment

The treatment answers two goals: to decrease the level of cholesterol (at least that " mauvais" LDL, while trying to maintain or increase that of the " bon" HDL, and especially, to decrease its most serious consequence significantly: the disease risk cardiovascular.

Nonmedicamentous treatments

Any treatment must begin with a mode.

A good type of exercise will contribute to decrease blood cholesterol while increasing (slightly) the level of cholesterol HDL. The exercise aerobic is indicated the most to achieve this goal. They are typically exercises of endurance. The best types of exercises imply the use continues muscles of the legs, exercises such as walk (enough fast), bicycle or swimming.

Medicamentous treatments

There are many types with variable levels of effectiveness according to the type of hypercholesterolemy and being able to also influence the rate of triglycerides.

Only the Statine S proved a significant reduction of the risk of which has occurred of cardiovascular diseases. They must thus be used preferentially.

The other types of drugs are:

• the Fibrate S;
• the Cholestyramine;
• derivatives of the Nicotinic acid ;
• …

Carbohydrates

Lipids of the trans type

(margarine)

Those which call into question the role of cholesterol

Cholesterol and alternative medicine

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