Hu Yaobang

Hu Yaobang (Chinese: 胡耀邦 Pinyin : Hú Yàobāng, Lagging-Gilles: Hu Yao-pang) (November 20th 1915 - April 15th 1989) especially was General secretary of the Chinese Communist party of 1980 to 1987. In 1987 he is dismissed of his functions to the head of the Party following demonstrations coeds which he had undoubtedly supported in their democratic claims.

Youth and maturity

Born in Linyang, province of Hunan in a family of peasants, Hu leaves the house at the 14 years age to join the PCC, of which he will be member in 1933. It takes part in the Long walk and is useful in the Red Army under Deng Xiaoping.

After the foundation of RPC it directs the communist League of youth. It holds of the stations in the Party and becomes an important political personality after the Cultural revolution.

It becomes popular by sponsoring the rehabilitation of the victims of the Cultural revolution at the end of the Seventies.

Hu Yaobang general secretary of the PCC

Although Deng Xiaoping kept the real capacity, Hu Yaobang is formally number 1 by occupying the position of secretary general of PCC of 1980 to 1987.

A Reformer

As Deng Xiaoping regained gradually the control of PCC, the rival of Deng Hua Guofeng was replaced by Zhao Ziyang as Chef of the government of the Council of the State in 1980, and by Hu Yaobang as the President of Parti in 1981. Hu was also promulgated General secretary of the Communist party of China in 1980 but, until with half of the years 1990, it was Deng which was with the orders although its only official title was president of the Central Military Commission of the Communist party.

For the period when he was the President of Parti, Hu tried to rehabilitate the people who were persecuted during the Cultural revolution. Much Chinese thinks that this was its most important achievement. It was as in favor of a pragmatic policy to the Tibet, asking for the withdrawal of thousands of Chinese Han frameworks of the Autonomous region of Tibet after its visit in 1980 the area, thinking as it was necessary to give the capacities to the Tibetans to manage their own businesses.

Although Hu was a devoted reformer and one of the important associates of Deng Xiaoping, it was constrained to resign into 1987 of its position of secretary general of the Communist party of China; leaving on January 16th officially. It was shown to make “errors in the questions in connection with the important political principles”. Deng forced Hu to resign on bottom of series of demonstrations of students at the end of 1986, that the partisans of the hard line thought of being a consequence of the tolerance of Hu and perhaps of its empathic attitude towards the intelligentsia of liberal China, which pushed towards more political freedom and the reform. It was also shown “to make errors in the Sino-japonais relations”.

Dismissal, death and events of the Tiananmen place

In 1987, Hu Yaobang is dislocated of all her functions brutally. A wave of demonstrations coeds favorable to the democracy had indeed taken place at the end of 1986, of which it undoubtedly shared the democratic convictions. He dies of a Infarctus two years after the meeting of the office of the Party, on April 15th, 1989, and two months before the Manifestations of the place Tian' anmen.

Its death was an element major release of the latter in spring 1989. Its convictions in favor of democratic reforms had made a guardian figure of the student's movement of it.

Towards a rehabilitation

The history and the ideas of Hu Yaobang undergo a cover of silence in China, where the Party does all so that one speaks the least possible about this cumbersome character. However, in an unexpected way, the Chinese capacity officially celebrated the birthday of its birth in November 2005 at the time of a discrete ceremony. Certain diplomats think that it is about the expression of a reforming will on behalf of the current president Hu Jintao, however little known up to now for its democratic ideas. Others think that the message is internal with the Party, in direction of the executives resulting from the League of the Communist youth, whose Hu Yaobang was number 1 at the end of the Seventies. This commemoration would be then a homage to this generation and an operation of seduction of Hu Jintao.

With this occasion, the Dalaï Lama declared that the attitude of China to rehabilitate the Chinese leader Hu Yaobang was a positive development: “I admire the courage of Hu Yaobang. In 1980, he visited Tibet and reduced the number of Chinese colonists Han to Tibet”, adding that the problems manufactured by the man are created because of the ignorance and the lack of correct knowledge and information. The Tibetans remember Hu Yaobang like Chinese leader to only have to formulate official excuses towards them for the actions of the Party in Tibet. Hu Yaobang was a solitary voice of support for Tibet. Among his reform proposals, neglected by the Party, one can note: agreement of a regional autonomy in Tibet; shrinking of the superfluous executives; helps with the Tibetans for the breeding and agriculture; and to revivify the economy of Tibet by decreasing the fiscal charges weighing on its citizens.

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