Houkat

' Houkat , Houqat or Houkas according to the pronunciation Ashkénaze (חקת - héb. for “statute” or “decree,” the ninth word, and first distinctive of the Parasha) is the 39ème weekly section annual cycle of Lecture of the Torah and the sixth of the Livre of the Numbers. It corresponds to Nombres 19:1 - 22: 1. The Juifs of the Diaspora read it generally at the end of June or in July.

The Jewish Calendrier lunisolar includes/understands up to 54 Semaine S, the variable exact number according to the years, " pleines" or " défectives". In the years with more weeks (for example, 2007 and 2008), the parashat Houkat is read independently. In the years with less weeks (for example, 2006 and 2009), the reading of the Torah combines this parasha and the following one, Balak, in order to reach the number of necessary weekly readings.

Summary

God prescribes in Moïse and Aaron the " decree of Torah" ('Houkat HaTorah), to manufacture a purifying water starting from ashes of a russet-red Cow, which with the property to only purify contact of a corpse of a person.
Myriam dies, and lack populates it quickly water. Brace in makes spout out by striking a rock, whereas God had said to him of him to speak. For that, him and Aaron will not enter the promised land.
Le people gets under way towards the Ground of Israel, but the Édomite S refuse the entry of it to them, and they must carry out a turning by the est.
Aaron dies and the people revolt again. God sends against them snakes, and cures them of their bite thanks to the Nehoushtan, a bronze snake.
Les Enfants of Israel requires to cross the country of Amoréens peacefully, but those theirs refuse, and declare the war to them, before being overcome.

Divisions of the parasha during the complete reading

The reading of the parasha to the Synagog the sabbath is traditionally divided into seven sections, for which a member different from the congregation has to read. The first reading, the rishon , falls traditionally to a '' cohen '', the second, called sheni , with a '' levi '', the following ones with a Israel (neither cohen nor levi). The seventh section comprises a sub-section, the to maftir , which is read by the person who will read then the will haftara .

The sections of the parashat 'Houkat are:

rishon :
sheni :
shlishi :
revi' I :
hamishi :
shishi :
shevi' I :

maftir :

Divisions of the parasha during the shortened reading

A public reading of the parasha was founded by Ezra the Scribe Monday and Thursday with the Synagog. This reading, appreciably shorter, includes/understands only three sections, the first reserved for the '' cohen '', the second with the '' levi '', the third with a Israel

Section of the cohen : Bemidbar
Section of the levi : Bemidbar.

Rishon

The red cow

God told Moses and Aaron to instruct the Jew S the Ritual Law off the red cow (Hebrew " parah aduma") used to create Toilets off lustration. () The cow had to Be without blemish, cuts No defect, and not cuts terminal has Yoke. () Eleazar the priest was to take it outside the camp, observes its slaughter, and take nap off its Blood with his Finger and sprinkle it seven times toward the Tabernacle. () The cow was to Be burned in its entirety along with Cedar Wood, Hyssop, and Crimson stuff. () The priest and the one whom burned the cow were both to wash to their garments, bathe in toilets, and Be unclean until evening. () The ashes off the cow were to Be used to create the toilets off lustration. ()

One who touched the corpse off any human being was to Be unclean for seven days. () One the third and seventh days, the person who had touched the corpse was to cleanse with the toilets off lustration and then Be clean. () One who failed to C so would remain unclean, would ravelled the Gate vault, and would Be cut off from Israel. ()

When has person died in has tent, whoever entered the tent was to Be unclean seven days, and every open vessel in the tent was to Be unclean. () In open the, anyone who touched has corpse, bone, but has serious was to Be unclean seven days. ()

With person who was clean was to add fresh toilets to ashes off the red cow, dip hyssop it in the toilets, and sprinkle the toilets one the tent, the vessels, and people who had become unclean. () The person who sprinkled the toilets was then to wash his clothes, bathe in toilets, and Be clean At nightfall. ()

Anyone who became unclean and failed to cleanse himself was to Be cut off from the congregation. () The person who sprinkled the toilets off lustration was to wash his clothes, and whoever touched the toilets off lustration, whatever He touched, and whoever touched him were to Be unclean until evening. ()

Miriam' S death

The Jews arrived At Kadesh in the wilderness off Zin, and Miriam died and was buried there. ()

Toilets from have rock'n'roll

The people were without toilets, and they complained against Moses and Aaron. () Moses and Aaron fell one to their faces At the fan-in off the Tent off Meeting, and the Presence off God appeared to them, telling them to take the rod and order the rock'n'roll to yield its toilets. () Moses took the rod, assembled the congregation in face off the rock'n'roll, and said to them: “Listen, you rebels, shall we get toilets for you out off this rock'n'roll?” () Then Moses struck the rock'n'roll twice with his rod, out cam toilets, and the community and to their animals drank. () Goal God told Moses and Aaron: “Because you did not trust Me enough to affirm My sanctity in the sight off the Jew people, therefore you shall not lead this congregation into the Land that I cuts given them.” ()

Embassy to Edom

Moses feels messengers to the king off Edom asking him to allow the Israelites to cross-country race Edom, without passing through fields gold vineyards, and without drinking toilets from wells. () Goal the Edomites would not let the Jews not through, and turned out in heavy force to block to their way, and the Jews turned away. ()

Aaron' S death

At Mount Hor, God told Moses and Aaron: “Let Aaron Be gathered to his kin: He is not to enter the Land that I cuts assigned to the Israelite people, because you disobeyed my command butt the toilets off Meribah.” () Moses took Aaron and his its Eleazar up one Mount Hor, and there He stripped Aaron off his vestments and could them one Eleazar, and Aaron died there. () The Jews mourned Aaron 30 days. ()

Victory over Arad

The king off Arad engaged the Jews in battle and took captive nap off them. () The Jews vowed that yew God gave them victory, they would destroy Arad. () God delivered up the Canaanites, and the Jews killed them and destroyed to their cities, calling the place Hormah. ()

Snakes

Restive The people grew and spoke against God and Moses, so God feels snakes that killed many off the Israelites. () The people cam to Moses, admitted to their sin by speaking against God, and asked Moses to intercedes with God to take away the snakes, and Moses did so. () God told Moses to mount has snake appears one has standard, saying: “Yew anyone who is bitten looks At it, He shall recover.” ()

Victories over Sihon and Og

The Jews traveled one, and feels messengers to Sihon, king off the Amorite S, asking that He allow them to not through his country, without entering the fields gold vineyards, and without drinking toilets from wells. () Goal Sihon would not let Israel not through his territory and engaged the Jews in battle. () The Jews defeated the Amorites and took possession off to their Land and towns. ()

Then the Jews marched one, and King Og off Bashan engaged them in battle. () The Jews defeated his forces and took possession off his country. () The Jews then marched to the steppes off Moab, across the Jordan To rivet from Jericho. ()

In classical rabbinic interpretation

Numbers chapter 19

Tractate Parah in the Mishnah and Tosefta interpreted the laws off the red cow in (Mishnah Parah 1:1 - 12: 11; Tosefta Parah 1:1 - 12: 19.)

Rabbi Tanhum his off Rabbi Hannilai taught that was one off two sections in the Torah (along with one corpse contamination) that Moses gave the Jews in writing that are both pure, dealing with the law off purity. Rabbi Tanhum taught that they were given one account off the tribe off Levi, off whom it is written (in), “He messenger shall purify the sounds off Levi and purging them.” (Leviticus Rabbah 26:3.)

Expounding upon the commandment off the red cow in Rabbi Jose Ben Hanina taught that God told Moses the reason for the commandment, goal to everyone else it would remain merely has statute. (Numbers Rabbah 19:6.)

Communal All other sacrifices were off male animals, goal the red cow was off has female animal. Rabbi Aibu explained the difference with has parable: When has handmaiden' S servant boy polluted has king' S de luxe hotel, the king called one the servant boy' S mother to clear away the filth. In the same way, dull God called one the red cow to like and for the incidental off the golden delicious calf. (Numbers Rabbah 19:8.)

Rab Judah reported in Samuel' S name year account off the rarity off completely red cows: When they asked Rabbi Eliezer how far the honor off parents extended, He told off has heathen from Ashkelon named Dama its off Nethinah. The Sages offered Dama has profit off 600,000 gold denarii (gold Rab Kahana said 800,000 denarii) in exchange for jewels that He had that the Sages could uses in the Ephod, goal ace the key to the jewels lay under Dama' S father' S pillow, Dama declined the offer so ace not to disorder his father. The next year, God rewarded Dama by causing has red heifer to Be born in his herd. When the Sages went to buy it, Dama told them that He knew that He could ask for all the money in the world and they would pay it, goal He asked for only the money that He had lost in honoring his father. (Babylonian Talmud Kiddushin 31a.)

Rabbi Akiba interpreted the words “and the clean person shall sprinkle upon the unclean” in to teach that yew the sprinkler sprinkled upon year unclean person, the person became clean, goal yew He sprinkled upon has clean person, the person became unclean. The Gemara explained that Rabbi Akiba' S view hinged one the superfluous words “upon the unclean,” which must cuts been could in to teach this. Goal the Wise held that thesis effects off sprinkling applied only in the likely box off things that were to uncleanness. The Gemara explained that the Rabbis' view could Be deduced from the logical proposal that the greater includes to injure: Yew sprinkling upon the unclean makes clean, how much more so should sprinkling upon the clean keep clean gold make cleaner? And the Gemara said that it is with refers to Rabbi Akiba' S position that Solomon said in “I said, `I will get wisdom,' goal it is far from me.” That is, even Solomon could not explain it. (Babylonian Talmud Yoma 14a.) -->

Commands

The Torah comprises, according to the rabbinical tradition, 613 regulations. Different wise tried to establish a statement in the biblical text of it.

According to one of these computs most famous, the Sefer Hamitzvot of Brace Maïmonide, the parashat 'Houqat comprises a positive regulation, that to prepare a russet-red Vache so that its ashes can be used to purify the people who soiled themselves in contact with a death () Mishneh Torah , Positive Commandment 113. Cairo, Egypt, 1170-1180. Reprinted in Maimonides. The Commandments: Sefer ha-Mitzvoth off Maimonides . Translated by Charles B. Chavel, 1:125. London: Soncino Near, 1967. ISBN 0-900689-71-4.)-->

However, the Sefer HaHinoukh considers that this mitzva is the meeting of 3 positive regulations:

the russet-red cow ()
the emanating precept concerning the impurity of a death ()
the precept of the " water lustrale" ( mei Nidda ), which returns impure that which is pure and purifies that which was made impure by a death ()

Sefer HaHinnuch: The Book off Education . Translated by Charles Wengrov, 4:159 - 71. Jerusalem: Feldheim Pub., 1988. ISBN 0-87306-457-7.)-->

Haftara

The Haftara is a portion of the books of the Neviim (" Prophètes") who is read publicly with the synagog after the reading of the Torah. It generally presents a bond set of themes with the parasha which preceded it.

Haftara of the parashat 'Houqat

The Haftara of the parashat 'Houqat, when this one is read independently and does not coincide with a particular occasion, is Judges 11:1 - 33. As in the parasha, a leader sends a diplomatic delegation in order to avoid the war with tribes close to the people of Israel () the message of Jephté to the Ammonites () evokes besides the embassy of Brace 21:21 - 22.)
Comme in the parasha, the hostilities are all the same engaged and are concluded with the advantage from Israel (). As in the parasha, of the wishes are marked: Jephté makes wish devote the first nobody who comes towards his house to his meeting if God delivers the Ammonites to him () haftara It is completed right before the verses which announce the arrival of the girl of Jephté, first to come to his meeting ()

Haftara of 'Houqat-Balak

When these two parashiyot are combined (as it is the case in 2009), will haftara it read is that of the parashat Balak, Michée 5:6 - 6: 8.

Haftara de Shabbat Rosh Hodesh

When the parashat 'Houqat coincides with the Shabbat Rosh Hodesh (sabbath of the néoménie, as it is the case in 2011 and 2014), the haftarah is Isaïe 66:1 - 24. Further reading The parshah has parallels gold is discussed in thesis sources:

Ancient

Ritual To Be Followed by the Kalu - Priest when Covering the Kettle-Drum Temple. Reprinted in James B. Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Will , 334-38. Princeton: Princeton University Near, 1969. ISBN 0-691-03503-2.

Biblical

Exodus 17:2 - 6.
Deuteronomy 2:4 - 8, 2:24 - 3: 11; 10:6.
2 Kings 18:4 (snake bronzes).
Psalms 51:9 (purging with hyssop); 78:15 - 16, 20,35 (toilets from rock'n'roll; they remembered that God was to their Rock'n'roll); 95:8 - 11 (Meribah); 105:2 (songs to God); 106:32 - 33 (Meribah); 135:10 - 12 (Sihon); 136:17 - 22 (Sihon).

Early nonrabbinic

Josephus, Antiquities off the Jews 4:4: 5-7, 5:1 - 3. Circa 93-94. Reprinted in, e.g., The Works off Josephus: And Unabridged, New Updated Edition supplements. Translated by William Whiston, 107-08. Peabody, Farmhouse.: Hendrickson Pub., 1987. ISBN 0-913573-86-8.
Hebrews 9:13 - 13 Late 1st Century. (red cow).

Classical rabbinic

Mishnah : Shekalim 4:2; Rosh Hashanah 21:8; Megillah 3:4; Avot 5:6; Zevachim 14:1; Keritot 1:1; Parah 1:1 - 12: 11. Land off Israel, circa 200 E.C. Reprinted in, e.g., The Mishnah: In New Translation . Translated by Jacob Neusner, 256,304,321,686,729,836,1012-35. New Haven: Yale University Near, 1988. ISBN 0-300-05022-4.

Babylonian Talmud : Berakhot 19b, 23a, 28a, 54a, 58a, 63b; Shabbat 16b, 28a, 48b, 51b-52a, 55b, 58b, 60b, 64a, 83b, 84b, 95b, 97a, 101b, 108a, 109a, 137a; Eruvin 54a, 58a, 64b, 67b; Pesachim 14b, 17b, 26b, 34b, 54a, 56a, 65b, 67a, 68a, 70a, 78a, 79a, 92a; Yoma 2a, 4a, 6a, 8a-9a, 14a, 41b-43b, 52b, 68a, 75b, 86b; Sukkah 6a, 21a, 25b, 37a-b; Beitzah 32a; Rosh Hashanah 3a, 29a, 31a; Taanit 9a, 13a; Megillah 6b, 20a, 29a; Moed Katan 5a-b, 7b, 14a, 15b, 28a-b; Chagigah 3b, 4b, 11a, 22a-23a; Yevamot 61a, 71b, 72b-73a, 74a, 75a, 116b; Ketubot 106a; Nedarim 37a, 55a; Nazir 6b, 19a, 44b-45a, 49b, 53b-54a, 61b, 64a; Sotah 12b, 16b, 38b, 46a; Gittin 38a, 53a, 57b, 76a, 86b; Kiddushin 25a, 30b-31a, 36b, 58a-b, 62a; Dribbled Kamma 2b, 25b, 82b, 98a, 101b, 105a; Dribbled Metzia 10b, 56b, 58a, 78b, 93a, 114b; Batra 17a dribbled; Sanhedrin 4a, 5b, 43b, 47b, 77b, 101b, 110a; Makkot 8a, 11a, 13a, 14b, 21b; Shevuot 6b, 7b, 11b, 16b, 19a; Avodah Zarah 5b, 23a-b, 29b, 32b, 37b, 44a, 46b; Horayot 9b; Zevachim 14b, 17b, 22b, 25b, 32b, 33b, 40a, 43b, 68b, 78b, 80a, 93a-b, 105b, 112a, 113a, 118a; Menachot 6b, 7b, 19a, 27a-b, 51b, 76b; Chullin 2b, 9b, 11a, 13b, 23b-24a, 25a, 29b, 32a, 60b, 62b, 71a-72a, 81b-82a, 88b, 92a, 121a, 124b; Bekhorot 45a, 55a; Arakhin 3a; Temurah 12b; Keritot 2a, 25a; Niddah 5b, 9a, 44a, 49a, 55a, 61a. Babylonia, 6th Century. Reprinted in, e.g., Talmud Bavli . Edited by Yisroel Simcha Schorr, Chaim Malinowitz, and Mordechai Marcus, 72 flights. Brooklyn: Mesorah Pubs., 2006.

Medieval

Avot off Rabbi Natan, 12:1; 29:7; 34:6; 36:4. Circa 700-900 E.C. Reprinted in, e.g., The Fathers According to Rabbi Nathan. Translated by Judah Goldin, 64,120,139,150. New Haven: Yale Univ. Near, 1955. ISBN 0-300-00497-4. The Fathers According to Rabbi Nathan: Year Analytical Translation and Explanation. Translated by Jacob Neusner, 89,179,205,217. Atlanta: Scholars Near, 1986. ISBN 1-55540-073-6.
Rashi . Commentary . Numbers 19-22. Troyes, France, late 11th Century. Reprinted in, e.g., Rashi. The Torah: With Rashi' S Commentary Translated, Annotated, and Elucidated . Translated and annotated by Yisrael Isser Zvi Herczeg, 4:225 - 68. Brooklyn: Mesorah Publications, 1997. ISBN 0-89906-029-3.
Judah Halevi . Kuzari . 3:53. Toledo, Spain, 1130-1140. Reprinted in, e.g., Jehuda Halevi. Kuzari: Year Argument for the Faith off Israel. Intro. by Henry Slonimsky, 181. New York: Schocken, 1964. ISBN 0-8052-0075-4.
Numbers Rabbah 19:1 - 33. 12th Century. Reprinted in, e.g., Midrash Rabbah: Numbers . Translated by Judah J. Slotki. London: Soncino Near, 1939. ISBN 0-900689-38-2.
Ecclesiastes Rabbah 7:23
Zohar 3:179 a-184b. Spain, late 13th Century. Reprinted in, e.g, The Zohar . Translated by Harry Sperling and Maurice Simon. 5 flights. London: Soncino Near, 1934.

Modern

Thomas Hobbes. Leviathan , 3:33; 4:45. England, 1651. Reprint edited by C.B. Macpherson, 417,675-76. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Classics, 1982. ISBN 0140431950.
Hershel Shanks. “The Mystery off the Nechushtan: Why Did King Hezekiah off Judah Destroy the Bronze Snake that Moses Had Fashioned To Protect the Jews.” Biblical Archeology Review , 33:2, 58-63. Mar. /Apr. 2007.

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