Hospital of Paris

Founded in 651 per Saint-Landry, bishop of Paris, the Hôtel-Dieu of Paris is the oldest hospital of the capital. Symbol of charity and hospitality, it was the only hospital of Paris until the Renaissance.

Modeste in the beginning, it is built on left bank of the island of the City, of 7th at the 17th century; two buildings were connected by the Pont to the Double.

History of the Hospital

The history of the Parisian hospitals dates from the Moyen-âge. Poverty being very important at the time, it becomes an occasion of redemption for much of middle-class men and noble, who see in it a way of repurchasing their sins in their coming to assistance. Works then make it possible to create the Hôpital of the Charity, of which the structure binds piety and medical care inevitably. The Church is then very powerful, as well from an administrative point of view as therapeutic. The creation of the Hospital of Paris proceeds of this tradition of charity, and this, until the XIXe century, in spite of the questioning of the following centuries.

With the XVIe century, the Hospital undergoes a financial crisis, since only financed by the assistances, subsidies or privileges. This one causes creation in 1505 of a council of eight laic governors: presidents of the Parliament, the Room of the Accounts, the Court of the Assistances, and the Provost of the Merchants. The State intervenes gradually, initially via Lieutenant Général of Police force, member of the Office of the Hospital of Paris in 1690, then by the Necker intermediary, which created at the 17th century, the loads d'" General inspector of the civil hospitals and house of correction” and that of “Police chief of the King for all that milked at the hospitals”.

It is at this period that the image of the poor exchange. It is socially dangerous, because marginal. To control them, the elites of the XVIIe century hold up moral arguments in order to create establishments allowing them to lock up the poor. The hospital is then a place of reclusion, consequently allowing occasion to cleanse the urban world. The hospital then takes the name of “General hospital” or “Hospital of enfermement”, of which the Hospital forms part.

Parallel to work of her husband on the management of the hospitals, Mrs Necker modifies the symbolic system of the hospital gradually: charity, one passes to the benevolence. The patient is considered better. One even sees appearing convalescent homes. Moreover, the preached ideas speaks Age of Enlightenment allow an important reflection on the hospital medium. But it is only at the end of the XVIIIe century, that the hospital becomes a “machine to be cured”, where the patient is looked after there and out of cured spring. The will have however to be awaited XIXe century, so that the hospital becomes a place of practice of medicine and science, but also, a place of teaching and medical research.

In 1772, a fire destroyed most of the Hospital. Other plans are then built and of many modifications are brought.

In 1801, the Parisian hospitals obtain a new administrative framework: the general advice of the hospitals and civil hospices of Paris. This will of a better management causes the creation of new services: the office of admission and Central pharmacy.

In addition, at that time, the Hospital preaches the practice of vaccination. The Duc of Rochefoucault-Liancourt in is a fervent supporter besides. In the same way the discoveries of Rene-Theophilus-Hyacinthe Laennec make it possible to refine the methods of diagnosis, the sounding and the etiology of the disease.

Vis-a-vis this development of medicine, the Hospital cannot face. For this reason of new Parisian hospitals fon their appearance, each one specializing on one or more clinical cases. The Hôpital Saint-Louis becomes a great center of studies and care of the skin diseases; Piety becomes a center of studies and care of the diseases of the nervous system and centers of geriatrics. Gradually, each hospital develops its center of pediatry.

It is only in 1908, that the Augustines nuns leave the Hospital definitively. Their departure puts then fine at centuries of domination of the Church on the hospitals.

Role within the Parisian health system

It is currently one of the hospitals of the Public assistance - hospital of Paris.

For 50 years, the Hospital has sheltered the service of Diabétologie and diseases endocriniennes. It is devoted almost exclusively to tracking, the treatment and the prevention of the complications of the Diabète sweetened. It is also a service of reference for the Hypoglycémie S. Tourné towards the information of the patient (education therapeutic) and the technological innovations, it offers a broad choice of structures of care, lighter with heaviest. It is also with the point of diabetologic research in fields such as: news Insulin S and new Drug S, effects of the food, external and established pumps, sensors of Glucose and artificial Pancreas.

More recently, an important service of Ophtalmologie (Urgency, Surgery and seeks) was developed with the Hospital under the direction of Yves Pouliquen.

See too

Related bond

External bonds

Reform of the Hospital of Paris Text of 1479.
index of the hospital
Monument

Gallery

Random links: