Honflor

Honfleur is a harbor commune Norman (Département of the Apple-brandy) located on southern bank of the estuary of the the Seine, opposite the Havre, very close to the outlet of the Pont of Normandy. Its inhabitants are Honfleurais.

It is especially known for its old man picturesque port, characterized by its houses with the frontages covered with slates, and to be represented many times by artists, of which in particular Gustave Courbet, Eugene Boudin, Claude Monet and Johan Barthold Jongkind, forming the École of Honfleur which contributed to the appearance of the impressionist movement . The church Holy-Catherine, which has a separate bell-tower of the principal building, is the largest church out of wooden of France.

The commune is classified “four flowers” with the Concours of the cities and flowered villages.

Etymology

The suffix “- flower” comes from a meaning Scandinavian word of origin “ floth ”: estuary or arm of the sea (near to the word Fjord). The term “Hon-” would come, as for him, of a patronym.

History

The first written mention attesting the existence of Honfleur emanates from Richard III, duke of Normandy, in 1027. It is also proven that in the middle of the 12th century, the city represented an important wearing of transit of the goods at the beginning of Rouen towards the England.

Located at the outlet of one of the principal rivers of France and in contact with the sea and pressed on a relatively rich back-country, Honfleur profited from a strategic position which appeared starting from the Guerre One hundred Year old. Charles V makes strengthen the city in order to close the estuary of the the Seine to the English, with the support of the port close to Harfleur. Honflor was however taken and occupied by the English in 1357 and of 1419 with 1450. Apart from this period, its port was used as a basis of departure for multiple French forwardings to therefore ransack the English coasts, with in particular the destruction partial of the town of Sandwich, in the county of Kent, in the Années 1450. After the end of the War One hundred Year old and the end of the 18th century, Honfleur knows one boom supported on the maritime trade, with however a disturbance at the time of the wars of religion of the 16th century. The city is taken by Henri IV at the beginning of 1590.

The city will take part thus in the movement of the great discoveries, with in particular the departure in 1503 of Binot Paulmier de Gonneville of Honfleur to the coasts of the Brésil, the visit of Newfoundland and the mouth of the the St. Lawrence in 1506 by Honfleurais Jean Denis, or the departure of a forwarding in 1608, directed by Samuel de Champlain, which leads to the foundation of the Ville of Quebec.

As from this period, the trade of Honfleur thrives with the multiplication of the relations with the Canada, the the Antilles, the coasts African and the the Azores, making city one of the five main ports slave traders of France. This time sees the city increasing with the dismantling of part of its fortifications on the order of Colbert. The wars of the French revolution and the First Empire, with in particular the continental Blockade, cause the ruin of Honfleur, which was raised only partially during the 19th century with the revival of the trade of wood with north of Europe. This rise was however limited by the stranding of the port, which however manages to function still today.

Ecology

The town of Honfleur inaugurated the November 5th 2004 a news Purification plant, which with the characteristic to use plants to cleanse water: it is the Phytorestauration.

Celebrities

Samuel de Champlain (Ca 1567-1635), explorer, founder of the town of Quebec.
Jean Denis, explorer and navigator of the 16th century of Honfleur. He discovered Newfoundland in 1506.
Pierre de Chauvin, commercial protesting of Honfleur (fine of the 16th century).
Pierre Berthelot, (1600 - 1638), sailor, monk and " Bienheureux".
Jean Doublet, (1655 - 1728), corsair.
Claude-Pascal Morel-Beaulieu (1765 - 1815), sailor.
Adolphe-Felix Cal (1810-1880), painter, died in the commune.
Charles Baudelaire, (1821 - 1867), poet, remained regularly in his mother as from January 1859.
Eugene Boudin, (1824 - 1898), painter.
Albert Sorel, (1842 - 1906), historian.
Alphonse Allais, (1854 - 1905), born with Honfleur, writer and humorist.
Henri de Régnier, (1864 - 1936), writer.
Erik Satie, (1866 - 1925), type-setter and pianist, was born in Honfleur and its native house became a museum.
Lucie Delarue-Mardrus, (1874 - 1945), poetess.
Andre Marie, (1897 - 1974), politician, president of the Council in 1948, minister.
Sacha Guitry, married his first wife, Charlotte Lysès, in Honfleur on August 14th, 1907.
Francoise Sagan (1935 - 2004), lived in Equemauville the manor of Breuil, which had accommodated before it Lucien and Sacha Guitry. She died in the hospital of Equemauville, on September 24th, 2004. Its body rested in its Manoir, before being buried in the Lot, where it was born.
Christophe Rocancourt (1967 -…), French swindler, currently living with the ex-Miss France Sonia Roland.
Michel Serrault (1928 - 2007), French actor, buried with Honfleur.
Jacques Felix Emmanuel Hamelin was born with Honfleur (Calvados) the October 13rd 1768 and died in Paris the April 23rd 1839, rear-admiral French.

Culture

Museum Eugene Boudin
Museum Erik Satie
Museum of the Old man Honfleur
Museum of the Navy
Attic with salt

the Zulma editions have their seat with Honfleur.

Administration

In 1973, Honfleur amalgamated with the commune of Vasouy (143 inhabitants in 1999), which lays out of the statute since then of common partner.

Demography

Economy

Honflor is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of the Country of Trough. It manages the port of Honfleur and the airport of Deauville.

Twinning

, to see

Since June 16th, 2006 Honfleur is twinned with the German city of Wörth amndt Hand.

See too

Flowered Coast

External bonds

Town of Honfleur
Tourist office of Honfleur
Honfleur on the site of the national geographical Institute
Honfleur on the site of INSEE
Lavergne, Claudius (1814 - 1887): '' Historical Notice on the vault of Our-Lady-of-Grace of Honfleur '' (1865).

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