Hombourg-Haut

Geography

Located at 360 km of Paris, 115 km of Strasbourg, 25 km of Saarbrucken (Germany). To reach by train, to take it the line the SNCF Metz - Saarbrucken]. Since June 10th, 2007, cut-over date of LGV Is European, Paris is with 1:45 of the station of Forbach (which is with 10 km of Hombourg-Haut).

History of Hombourg, the city of the bishops

The brilliant Middle Ages

A first castle surrounded by a village

The cradle of the commune is in Hombourg-Bas. This village developed around a first castle which was with the hands of the last count de Hombourg, Hugo of Lunéville-Metz, died without male heir in 1152. The duke of Lorraine and the bishop of Metz Etienne de Bar disputed the place that this last carried and the castle, called Altburg, became the seat of a episcopal seigniory or Avouerie, which will remain the property of the Metz-native prelates until the 16th century.

The new castle and city-strong

Obsolete, the old castle was sold in 1270 to Jacques de Varsberg. A new bishop, Jacques of Lorraine, threw his reserved on the long close hill to build there, undoubtedly starting from 1245, new and formidable castle which astonished the contemporaries who named it “the guérite world” or “the mirror of beauty”. This castle became in its turn the seat and the chief town of the avouery of Hombourg/Saint-Avold. The officers of the bishops and some times the prelates themselves resided at it. In front of his castle, Jacques of Lorraine made set up city-strong, the current Old man-Hombourg, girded of a long rampart. The unit was intended for the refuge of all the area and affirmed in a haughty way the capacity of évêché on part-Is of its territories, sentinel threatening for the close lords. Hombourg-Bas was not annexed to the new city, the two entities not forming any more but only one consequently communanté.

Jacques granted freedoms and franknesses at its new city and installed there in 1254 a chapter composed of 13 canons who will last until 1743. The canons made build their new church Collégiale as from approximately 1300. Work was spread out over nearly one century. In 1279, they established also a Hôpital for the poor, with Hombourg-Bas.

Often disputed to the XIII and 14th centuries courses, Hombourg with the shelter of was carried out warlike during the XV and 16th centuries. The city committed and was sold on several occasions at the time of complexes negociations. These prosperous and peaceful Middle Ages bequeathed its more beautiful florets to the city like the superb collegiate church or the Vieille door, formerly main entrance of the fortress. Set up between 1250 and 1270, the Chapelle Holy-Catherine is the old domestic vault of a chalk-lining of knights who occupied a strengthened variation of the castle called Ritterburg.

Modern times and decline of Hombourg

In 1572, the seigniory of Hombourg was sold with Henri, duke of Own way, but in 1581 it entered the bosom of the duchy of Lorraine under Charles III and constituted the bailliage of Hombourg/Saint-Avold whose governors resided at the castle. It was yielded to the princes of Phalsbourg, Louis de Guise and Henriette of Lorraine in 1621. In spite of the French occupations of the 17th century, it remained in the ducal field until 1766, to be definitively attached to the kingdom of France.

The tragedy war Thirty year old

Taken as from 1633 in the maelstrom of this true European war, the town of Hombourg, like all the seigniory, undergoes the deprivations and the epidemics as much as the exactions of the roughneck soldiers come from all the continent and paid the full price of it. The war was prolonged by a very heavy French occupation which carried a final blow to the city whose Richelieu made dismantle the castle in 1634.

Hombourg-Bas remained deserted during about thirty years following the example village close to Hellering. Too much unsuited to modernity, the poor medieval rampart of the city collapsed side after side and Hombourg was nothing any more but one simple and large rural borough which was entêtait to preserve its statute of city while its administrative and military prerogatives slipped definitively towards its neighbor, the town of Saint-Avold.

The alarm clock by the industrial dynamism: metallurgy

In 1758, Charles de Wendel installed a forging mill on Rosselle, starting point of the industrial calling of the city. The family of Hausen took the changing under the first empire. The ironmasters of the Saar, Gouvy by repurchasing the factory in 1850, transformed their establishment into competitive steel-works which gave employment to generations of Hombourgeois. Paternalism obliges, the Gouvy firm developed also a true associative culture through the music, the sport, the youth movements and the leisures in general. The Münch family]] perennialized the work of Gouvy by buying their factory in 1935, offering work to nearly 250 people. Two beautiful buildings, the Castle of Hausen and the Villa Gouvy testify to the XVIII and 19th centuries dynamism.

The commune and the parish change

After the removal of the chapter in 1743, the duke Stanislas allowed Franciscain S récollet S of German origin to settle in Hombourg. They there built a convent in 1769 and managed the parish with spirit before being expelled in 1792. Their convent remains a beautiful element of the communal inheritance. In 1811, “large Hombourg” definitively took form by the annexation of the village hitherto autonomous of Hellering and by the rehabilitation of Hombourg-Bas, which had been set up in independent commune in 1792.

Coal

At the beginning of the 20th century our city was associated with the fulgurating rise which the exploitation of the Houille in the area took. After the second world war of the mining cities emerged from the communal round of applause: city of the Vault, Riviera and the Oaks. The contribution of the Immigration played a determining role in the extension and the prosperity of the city which, if it counted only 1507 hearts in 1801, recorded a demographic explosion which carried it to the culminating point of: 10571 inhabitants in 1968.

Administration

|- | align=right| 2001 || 2006 || Roland Kazmierczak||align=" center" | Various right-hand side || |- | align=right| 1983 || 2001 || Schouller Jean-wolf||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1971 || 1983 || Albert Muller||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1937 || 1971 || Jean Derrieux||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1936 || 1937 || Edouard Schmitt||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1935 || 1936 || Jacques Gaspard||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1926 || 1935 || Nicolas Nivoix||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1921 || 1926 || Pierre Aandré||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1918 || 1921 || Bernard Gaspard||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1914 || 1918 || Edouard Rennen||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1910 || 1914 || Bernard Gaspard||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1907 || 1910 || Robert Von Kistowski||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1902 || 1907 || Edouard Rennen||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1901 || 1902 || Frederic Waistcoat||align=" center" | ||

Demography

Places and monuments

Vestiges of ramparts

the old city

Site of the castle XIIIe-XVIIe century.

collegiate Church Saint-Etienne XIIIe-XVe centuries

Vault Co.-Catherine XIIIe century

Personalities related to the commune

Louis Theodore Gouvy (1819 - 1898). Born in the Saar, this musician passed an important part of his life in the house of his brother to Hombourg. Known, recognized and honoured with sound living as much in France (Member of the Institute) that in Germany (Member of the Royal Academy of Arts of Berlin), it fell into the lapse of memory after his death. Redécouvert recently, thanks especially to the action led on the spot to Hombourg, and to remarkable recordings discographics, it gradually finds the place which was his. Romantic traditional, its design of the music is close to that of Schumann, Mendelssohn and Brahms.

See too

Freyming-Merlebach
the River Rosselle.

External bonds

Site of the Town hall of Plane Hombourg-Haut
of the city
Hombourg-Haut on the site of the national geographical Institute
Hombourg-Haut on the site of INSEE
Hombourg-Haut on the site of Quid
Localization of Hombourg-Haut on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Hombourg-Haut on Mapquest

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