Holding
A holding is a company having for vocation to gather participations in various company S and whose function is to ensure the unit of direction of it.
The creation of a holding makes it possible majority to increase their capacity in the managed businesses. Via financial participations, the holding manages and controls companies having shared interests. It is often described as “consolidating company” insofar as it is satisfied to make go up in its assessment different the station-accountants from its participations.
One distinguishes two types of holdings. There are pure holding when the Parent company does not carry on an industrial activity, commercial or of service, and mixed holding when the parent company preserves an activity which is clean for him. Moreover, one finds several kinds of holding companies, classified according to the branches of industry of their Filiale S. There are financial holdings (financial holding companies), banking holdings (bank holding companies), holdings centered on the rail-bound transport (railroad holding companies) and of the holdings centered on air transport (air transport holding companies).
A holding can also carry out actions of control, of assistance to the launching of companies recently created, to manage patents, placements and financings.
One of the great interests of the holdings is to be able to have many participations and a relatively important control starting from a capital reduced. The optimization of that is the possession of holdings by other holdings. Indeed, it is enough to have 50% +1 action of a company for the contrôler.
En holding for example 50% of a holding holding itself 50% of the capital of companies, one controls those all while actually holding only one quarter of their capital. This share of the capital necessary to control can be divided by two each time a level of holding is added.
List few famous holdings
August 1st Vivendi is a famous holding it gathers Canal+, Universal Music Group; Vivendi ranges, NBC Universal
Notes and references of the article
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