Hoax - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Etymology

The word probably comes from the Latin cannula , “small reed”, which gave the medical term Canule, indicating a small pipe being used to introduce a liquid into the body, generally by the Anus. The word gave the verb “canuler”, meaning “to importune, annoy”.

At the end of the 19th century, the pupils of the National university forge starting from this verb the word pseudo-Latin canularium , indicating a joke played at the expense of somebody. At the beginning of the 20th century, the word is attested in the shortened form hoax . It since was spread in the current language.

Examples of hoaxes

the Dahu, an imaginary animal, whose hunting was organized in certain village communities at the expense of the naive ones and with the visitors of passage (town or foreigners of other areas).
Nessie, the Monster of the Log Born.
archaeological discoveries of Glozel.
Election of Jean-Pierre Brisset " Princes of the penseurs" in 1913. This hoax of Jules Romains opposed --in a competition imitated of that which elected a " Prince of the poètes" -- Jean-Pierre Brisset with Henri Bergson.
Before 1914 of the deputies were requested to make something so that one celebrated the centenary of Hégésippe Simon, “teacher of the democracy”, sizeable but perfectly imaginary character. A ceremony was to take place in the town of Hair (Nievre), some were excused to be able to be “in Poil” this day.
the hoax of the physicist Alan Sokal in the review Social Text: one mystification intended to reveal a lack of serious as for the checking of the subjected articles (cf);
the Hoax of Taxil in connection with Freemasonry;
the muséo-bus Raoul Michalon (hoax made to the Council about the Great East of France in 2005 - to see with hoax maconnic)
the business of the “Poldèves”, launched by a sympathizer of the French Action during the Inter-war period; in 1929 of the deputies of left accepted a call asking them to intervene in favor of unhappy Poldèves oppressed. The letter was signed: Lineczi, Stantoff, Lamidaëff; behind these pseudo-Slavic patronyms one could read “the non-existent one” and “the friend of A.F. (the French Action)”. The capital of the country was called of course Cherchella. The purpose of this hoax was to ridicule the republican representation (deputies). If the deputies of the left anticlerical were aimed, Alain Mellet itself recognizes it: " fishing had been also full of fish in the row of the right-hand side républicaine." April 21st, 1929, the request for information of one or two deputies being done too pressing, the French Action reveals finally the hoax.
Always between the two wars, one would have made a search at the Polytechnic school for the benefit of the family of the Unknown soldier. Much would have given.
the exposure of a fabric of the painter Boronali (a brush attached to the tail of an ass).
the existence of the Belgian writers Alexis Gayo and Commercial Bob.
the telephone jokes of radio programs to private individuals to divert the listeners (Francis Blanche and Jacques Legras excelled there) and his equivalent on television, for example “the invisible camera”;
celebrates It involuntary radiophonic hoax of Orson Welles, on October 30th, 1938, starting from the novel of Herbert George Wells which made accept the American population of an attack of Extra-terrestre S coming from the planet Mars;
rounds the extraterrestrial ones in fields (Agroglyphe S) carried out initially by English farmers to start again tourism.
In the journalistic field, certain articles are hoaxes on behalf of the authors or of their source. One will remember, it does not have so a long time only that there, of a Belgian newspaper titrating that the fellatio significantly decreased the cancer risks of the center at the woman… evidence and figures with the support, with quotations of American scientists of a large laboratory. The following day, “information” was in all the press reviews. A French-speaking person could have located the hoax because the names of the scientists were style G.Melabèz , or Georges P. Rophonde . Other journalists voluntarily make false articles, because it is much easier. The press is given some to heart joy on April first.
the writer of science fiction Isaac Asimov (which was also biochemist) has one day published an article on the “endochronic properties of Thiotimoline resublimée”, imaginary product with the properties mild nutters.
the urban legend of Bielefeld, whose German students let run the noise which it does not exist.
In September 2005, the imitator Gerald Dahan was made pass for Jacques Chirac, the President of the French Republic, and required of Raymond Domenech and Zinedine Zidane to put the hand on the Cœur at the time of the National anthem preceding the match France - Ireland.
on May 19th, 2006, the Canadian journalist Amir Taheri published in the National Post an article where he claimed that the Iranian Parliament had voted a law obliging the Jews to carry a yellow star. When the truth was revealed it lost any credibility.
on December 13rd, 2006, at one hour for great listening, RTBF announced, during a special program, that the Flanders had made secession and that, consequently, the Belgium did not exist more.

Other hoaxes are not regarded as such as by those which do not take them with the serious one:

In literature, the named science holmesology, dedicated to the study of the character of fiction Sherlock Holmes.
whimsical interpretations of alleged the " prédictions" of Nostradamus.
In the scientific discipline: the planes breathers, the cold Fusion, the Driving with water.

On Internet

By telephone

Various anecdotes

; Hoaxes and resistance (1) A culture of the hoax being traditionally maintained by the pupils the French universities, this practice resisted the defeat of France in June 1940 and the reserve officers resulting from these schools and facts prisoner were évertuèrent to make “ turn in she-ass ” German. Constantly disturbing the teams with which they were mixed, German gathered them and moved them with the camp of Eylau where they were in particular exposed at extremely rigorous winters (- 35/40 degree). The prisoners had gathered by school of origin; a school occupying half-hutments.

The voyage by train was already the occasion of jokes likely to allow escapes. One even tells that a train of prisoners arrived at Eylau only made up of the engine and the car of the sentinels, the other cars having been detached by the prisoners. One of the most beautiful escapes from Eylau rested on the ingeniousness of the “pupils” to determine the moment of the dazzling of the sentinel of the watchtower by the setting sun, allowing the cutting of the fences and finally the escape from forty prisoners. (Sources: testimony of a prisoner on France Culture).

; Hoaxes and resistance (2) During war 40-45, the Belgian famous daily newspaper the Evening had been stolen with its owners by the Occupant Nazi, who organized a editorial team with his pay. One day, of resistant prepared a pirate edition of the daily newspaper. This edition gave an account of the retirements of the German army, magnifiait allied aviation and made pronounce in Hitler the disillusioned sentence allotted to the Emperor of Germany " I did not want cela". Thanks to a very neat organization, authors of this " Evening of joie" , which had gotten paper necessary, could prevent true the Soir from being distributed to the newsstands of Brussels, " aubettes" where they could set up theirs. It is thus this newspaper not very in conformity with propaganda Nazi that the readers of Brussels held in hands, disconcerted then hilarious. Quickly, occupying it endeavoured to confiscate the specimens of the forgery Soir , but the " mal" was made.

The authors of the heroic hoax ended up being identified by Gestapo. They were condemned to death, or sent in camps of which they did not return. On all this, to see the article False Evening .

; Mediatized hoax To comment on the pushed back exit of the play Dead gold Alive, magazine Internet Xbox-Mag proposed an ironic anecdote. According to them, of Japanese would have committed suicide by gobant silicone pockets (in reference to the generous curves of heroins of this play).

Information was taken very with serious by a journalist of Libération which wrote an article on the subject, by specifying that 147 young Japanese committed suicide in February 2003 by gobant silicone pockets. France 2 took again the subject, and carried out for its Tv news a report on the discomfort of Japanese youth, by telling the anecdote of the silicone pocket.

The two media were excused after having had wind of the " vagueness of rigolade" who broke on Internet.

See too

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