Hoëdic

Hoëdic ( Breton Edig in , Arica for the Romans), is a Breton island formant common since 1891, in the department of the Morbihan, area Brittany, French Republic.

The official C-W communication of its name, in conformity with the etymology is Hœdic .

Its inhabitants name the Hœdicais and Hœdicaises . The majority of the inhabitants of origin bear family names Blanchet and Allanic.

Geography

This island 800 m broad on 2,5 km length is located in the Atlantic Ocean, with broad of the southern part of Brittany (almost islands of Rhuys and Quiberon), to 13 km in the east of Belle-Île and to 5 km in the south-east of its neighbor, and traditional rival, Houat. She culminates with 22m and belonged to a granitic watershed who includes/understands also the peninsula of Batz it Croisic it Pouliguen, the Dumet island, Houat, Quiberon and Groix.
It is populated of a hundred inhabitants the winter and can reach the 3000 inhabitants the summer thanks to tourism and its batch of campers.
It is an island with the wild beauty connected to the continent by Quiberon all the year by the Firm Morbihannaise de Navigation (SMN), and by other companies of the Golfe of Morbihan at the time of the tourist season. Duration of the crossing between 1:00 and 1:30.
the archipelago of Houat-Hoëdic is a site will natura 2000.
Hoëdic belongs to the islands of the West.

History

Prehistory. The archaeological excavations of 1933 revealed some Mesolithic hearths and 9 tombs (5500/5000 years before JC, that is to say the last period of the people hunter-fisherman-gatherers) on the island. Deposits coquillers made it possible to preserve the bones of 14 individuals and inform us on the food mode of these populations largely based on the fishing resources. The typology of these burials is close to those of Téviec, (small island with broad of Quiberon). The late ones were buried with cut flints, the pendentive ones and collars of shells, tools in bone, with foliages of stags framing certain bodies.
At the beginning of the Neolithic era in Brittany, towards 5000 before JC, Hoëdic formed already part of an insular system with Houat, separated from the continent by the passage of Teignouse. Gradually, towards 3500 before JC, it will separate from Houat because of the increase of the marine level. The island preserves this time of many vestiges of which a whole system of alignments of menhir (Paluden, Pointe of the Old man-Castle, Graoh Denn, Douet…), of the hillocks of the average Neolithic era 1, some menhirs (Menhir of the Virgin, Pierre lying) and several dolmens (Dolmen of the Cross, dolmen of Port-Louit, dolmen of Beg Lagad, dolmen of the Telegraph…).
on November 20th, 1759, at the time of the Guerre Seven Year old, the rocks of the Cardinals, to the south-east of Hoëdic, gave their name to the battles naval of the Cardinals that the English squadron of the admiral Hawke gained over a French squadron coming from Brest. This one was to join the French fleet gathered in Morbihan to transport a task force which would have unloaded in Scotland. The three quarters of the French fleet could escape and take refuge in various Breton ports, but this severe defeat prohibited Choiseul from carrying the war to Great Britain. The lucky finds in the wrecks of the French ships made it possible the littoral communes of the surroundings to decorate their places and walks of several guns of XVIII^e.
In 1815, Hoëdic and Houat were attached to the commune of Belle-Ile and settings in quarantine by the sub-prefect for smuggling.
Of 1815 to 1825, Houatais and Hoedicais worked out a Règlement which held place of constitution with these small insular “republics” and which took a more theocratic turn thereafter.
Of 1822 to 1892, in the absence of a mayor on the island, the vice-chancellors (cleaned) of Hoëdic enjoyed a particular status, called “ Charte of Hoëdic ” during the signature of this one in 1857, making them it single administrative authority, legal, religious and economic on the island. They made function of banker, judge, merchant (their general store was named the “canteen”). They obtained in 1863 tax exemptions while the canteen was exempted rights of flow.
In 1883, the prefect of Morbihan reformed the Council of the islands to which Hoëdic for in républicaniser the composition belonged.
In 1891, the island was detached from the commune of Belle-Ile and was set up itself in commune. The following year the “Payment” was abandoned and the vice-chancellor lost his administrative office and temporal with the election of the first mayor.
In 1932, Jean Epstein makes on the island a film of fiction, the Gold of the seas .

Administration

Demography

Places and monuments

the Menhir of the Virgin, high of 4 m, it is the most important menhir of the island. It with was christianized by the addition of an iron cross, regularly struck down, which disappeared today.
the strong Louis-Philippe was decided in 1846 and builds in 1859 in the possibility of an English attack. It lodged as from 1881 the first public school of the island, then was sold in 1892 at an iodine production company which occupied it until 1930. Repurchased by the Academy of the littoral in 1979.
the Headlight of the Large Cardinals of 1850, automated today.
the old port.
the fort of the English.
the point of the old castle.

Personalities related to the commune

See too

Common Islands of the West
of Morbihan

External bonds

topicality of the island of hoëdic
Hoedic on the site of the National Geographical Institute
Hoedic on the site of INSEE
Localization of Hoedic on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Hoedic on Mapquest
the Nautical Club Hoëdicais

Catalog of films

the Gold of the seas , film of fiction of Jean Epstein, entirely turned in Hoëdic in 1932, with as actors of the inhabitants of the island and telling the history of love between a young sea fisherman and his been engaged whose father would hold a treasure following a caused shipwreck.

Backward flow , documentary film of Patrick Le Gal, turned in 1982 with Hoëdic, on the traces of film of Epstein in the memory of the islanders, 50 years later.

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