Definition

The Cryptanalyse and the fact of trying to find the key allowing to decipher, in the simplest possible manner, a coded message. It is said that a Algorithme is " cassé" only if the attack makes it possible to find the key in less operation than a Attaque by rough force. Currently " casser" an algorithm requires average mathematics and data processing very important.

The Arab scientist Al-Kindi writes the first treating manuscript of cryptanalyse.

He more particularly exposes the technique of analysis of the frequencies of the letters of the quantified text, associated with codings by monoalphabetic substitution such as that used by César.

In 1474, a contemporary of Alberti, Sicco Simonetta, cryptanalyste with the service of the duke of Milan, written Liber Sifrorum , a treaty of cryptanalyse.

In 1854, the English Charles Babbage deciphers coding by polyalphabetic substitution of Vigenère, exposed in 1586. However, it does not publish its work and this important advance in the history of the cryptanalyse is allotted to the Pole Friedrich Kasiski in 1863.

The First World War mark so much awaited victory of the cryptanalyse vis-a-vis the cryptography empétrée in requirements of effectiveness: not to confuse two sciences which must be carefully distinguished. Indeed coding/deciphering was entirely manual, therefore likely to be erroneous. It was to be relatively simple and rapid to apply (approximately one hour) to transmit information to time and to avoid the errors of coding due to the stress of the battle field. The figures used thus did not ensure a satisfying level of safety but today with data processing, the recourse to the machines makes it possible to say that one entered, with cryptology, in the era of science.

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