History of printing works in Mayenne

History of printing works in Mayenne

Introduction

The true inventors of typographical art using mobile characters, are, currently believes one, three German: Johannes Gutenberg, Johann Fust and Peter Schöffer; their the first two known works, printed with Mainz, were: “ Letters of Indulgence of the pope Nicolas V ” and “ the Holy Bible ” this last volume including/understanding 640 layers; these two books carry the dates of 1453 and 1455. After being itself made known in Germany and Italy, this astonishing discovered was not long in being propagated in France; the first printing works was established with the Sorbonne, with Paris, by three German, that one made there come to practice and teach this art; the first structure left their rudimentary presses, supports the date of 1470. Louis XII, François Ier, the majority of kings de France besides, protected the typography; but, until in 1789, no book could be printed without the authorization or “ Permis prints ,” delivered by the royal officers; freedom of the press was not created yet.

Printing works successively appeared with Lyon in 1472; with Angers in 1477; with Caen in 1480; with Rennes in 1484; with Rouen in 1487; with Orleans in 1490; with Nantes and Turns in 1493; with the Mans in 1529; with the Arrow in 1575; with Laval in 1651; and finally with Castle-Gontier in 1714 only.

In 1729, a judgment of the Court of the Parlement of Paris made defense with all people make print any arrest, and with all printers other than those established in the seats cities of Parliaments, to print some without permission express. It was a first threat; it remained suspended during ten years, but then the execution was decided under the terms of a royal decree on March 31st 1739. The reductions were considerable everywhere; on two printing works, Laval lost one of them, and that of Castle-Gontier was removed.

Before the 19th century

Castle-Gontier

Introduction

Cauvin writing the History of Maine at the 19th century, and treating the question of the establishment of printing works in the various towns of this province, wrote the following lines with the article of Castle-Gontier: “ We do not have aucuns information over the time to which printing works in this city is established, nor on the people who contributed to her establishment, which seems posterior at the year 1704. ” happier than Cauvin, Rene Gadbin finds in the old files of the town hall of Castle-Gontier, the information which he was unaware of, which would have given him the word of the enigma that he had not been able to solve. Some preliminary explanations are however useful before approaching the bottom of the question:

College of Castle-Gontier

In 1708, the college ecclesiastical of Castle-Gontier, rested by the former lords and established for several centuries close the church Saint-Jean-Baptist, in the dependences of Collegial of Saint-Just, removed in 1790, the college had been so prosperous, that the buildings, for a long time found insufficient, were abandoned. One transferred the seat from the school re-elected to the suburb of Azé in the antique priory of NR. - D. of Généteil depend on the Abbaye All Saints' day of Angers. With a school population of more than three hundred pupils whom the establishment counted then, one includes/understands without sorrow the quantity of traditional books which it was necessary to draw each year from printing works of Angers, for the supply of the college of Castle-Gontier. Mr. Gilles Marsh, in functions like the Main thing of this House of education (1710 - 1733), then solved to ensure the regular, economic and easy supply each day, of the school works. Wanting at the same time to make a good work, he sought in the surrounding cities a young Christian, honest workman, active, undertaking, but that its lack of money prevented from being established main.

Nice Joseph

Its goal was to provide him the means of coming to settle with Castle-Gontier, with the title of Printer of the college ; the customers were in advance assured. The many relations of worthy Principal made him discover with Nantes the dreamed workman. In the beginnings of the year 1713, Mr. Marais left for Nantes; it on the spot got information manners, control and of capacity of the young man. The results of its investigation were good; one highly requested it even to support the establishment of the workman in question, which named Joseph Gentil. This last was presented to him and soon the bases of a treaty were stopped between the Printer and the Main thing.

Schedule of 1739

Following the royal decree on March 31st 1739, the printing works of Castle-Gontier was removed.

In consequence of the disappearance of printing works with Castle-Gontier, the school and administrative orders were then addressed to Angers, as the works following, specific testify it to the college of our City:

  • delights of the Latin language/taken for the majority of works of Cicéron/with use
college of Castle-Gontier /New re-examined and increased edition/1751/Angers (In-12 108 pages).

Then still:

  • Principles of the Latin language/with the use of the college of Castle-Gontier /New edition. /1784/Angers, at Charles-Pierre Mame/printer of the University and the College (In-12 LX-128 pages).

At the beginning of the 19th century (printed papers form of 1809) François Boutevilain-Grandpré, remaining street Reappears, in Laval, had inherited the administrative orders of the city, and consequently was entitled: “ printer of the town hall of Castle-Gontier . ” Lastly, the “ Program of the Exercises of the college of Castle-Gontier for the year 1812, ” as well as the first edition of the “ Payment of the Old people's homes of Castle-Gontier, in 1825, ” left the printing works of the Mame brothers, in Angers.

Louis-Xiste Delaplace

During nearly one century, exactly quatre-vingt-treize years - (1739 - 1832), - Castle-Gontier does not revive any more the typography in its walls.

In 1832, arrived in this city:

This last launches the Journal of Castle-Gontier . A newspaper with Castle-Gontier was, in 1833, a thing if surprising, if unexpected, that the local sheet was accommodated with enthusiasm; the majority of the literary notabilities of the city brought their collaboration to the newspaper, which, for one twenty years period, at least, published many articles, extremely interesting for the majority. This collection, now untraceable, seems not to exist complete nowhere.

Newspapers of the 19th century

With the Revolution of 1848, with the occasion, legislative elections, appeared, during a little more than two months, with Castle-Gontier, a radical newspaper, written by the solicitor Trouessart and others exaltés in the same way gauges. The first number of this newspaper entitled “ the Voice of the People ” carries the date of Thursday March 16th 1848; the Newspaper of Castle-Gontier appeared Sunday and the Voice of the People Thursday.

During 1877, Mr. Stephan de Montozon, former sub-prefect and amateur distinguished bibliophile, installed in the dependences of its hotel located with Castle-Gontier, street of the Horse-White, today street of the Theater, of the typographical presses, on which it drew various works from merit and of which he was the author, works not put in the trade and by that even of a badge scarcity; this detail was to be noted in the history of the lmprimery with Castle-Gontier.

In January 1878, the one second printing works was based with Castle-Gontier, street Holy-Anne, under the auspices of a public limit company, which entrusted the direction of it to Mr. Henri Leclerc. With the date of Sunday January 18th 1878, appeared the first number of a preserving newspaper “ the Gazette of Castle-Gontier ,” created to counterbalance the influence of the Newspaper of Castle-Gontier, of accentuated republican nuance. The Gazette, in less than twenty years, took an extraordinary extension; it became, with its 20.000 weekly numbers, the most widespread newspaper of all the west of France. Lastly, during the year 1893, the third printing works, known as “ new Printing works " , rose with Castle-Gontier, under the direction of Mr. Knight-Aurillard, initially on the place of the Hotel-of-City, then street of the Jews, No 14. This typographer made appear with the date of Wednesday September 27th 1893, the first number of a newspaper of commercial advertisements, appearing later every Sunday under the title of “ Platform-Posts ”, at the price of five centimes the number; the publication of this sheet ceased in the last days of 1895.

Laval

It would be for the Abbé Angot a hard and long-term work to write the history of printing works in cities equipped with universities or flourishing colleges like Angers, Rennes, Mans, the Arrow.

There, indeed the art of the printer had to be exerted early and multiply its productions; it was not the same with Laval. And nevertheless known us in all its details what relates to the Laval-native printing works and printers, we would never make a whole a quite important analysis. Hardly see we in an unquestionable way the presses functioning in Laval before the middle of the 17th century…

  1. GUY MARTIN exerted in the state of printer and publisher about the middle of the 16th century. The two following succeeded to him;

  2. JEAN BERTHET. We believe that it should be confused with Jean Berthet, bookseller but not printer, who was called, in 1687, like husband of Sébastienne Ambroise, with the succession of Jean Ambroise and Marie Péguineau;
  3. HIEROME LEMONNIER. ;
  4. George Griveau;
  5. Ambroise Cormier;
  6. Robert Cormier, wire of the precedent;
  7. Jean Ambroise;
  8. Jean Ambroise, wire of the precedent;
  9. Louis François Ambroise, wire of the precedent;
  10. Gabriel Andouard .

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