History of activism paedophile
the history of activism paedophile describes the forms which the organization and the action of certain groups of people having for objective took the acceptance of the Pédophilie and modification of social perception towards this sexual Attirance, regarded as morbid or criminal in the majority of the current society.
Born with the Netherlands, the Activisme paedophile developed in Western Europe and with the the United States at the time of the sexual Libération and knew its apogee at the end of the Années 1970, while being very badly perceived by the majority of the populations, before knowing a marked decline of suspicion when the homosexual movements ceased supporting it and that the companies in which it had developed it massively rejected.
Beginnings of activism (1950-1970)
Of its theorization by Richard von Kraft-Ebing in 1886 at the years 1950, the only approach of the pedophilia is psychiatric. In 1955, the publication of Lolita , novel of Vladimir Nabokov which shows in a very precise way how can think a man attracted by the young girls prépubères makes it possible the general public to become aware of the existence of the pedophilia independently of any psychological disorder or unstable social situation. However, there does not exist yet of organization nor of personality aiming at making known and to accept the pedophilia.
Noting the little of work and knowledge around the pedophilia, the little of information available to the paedophiles and the reprobatory attitude of the Psychiatry towards their attraction, the Doctor in right and senator Edward Brongersma and the psychologist Dutch Frits Bernard makes together the contact with the nl Cultuur in Ontspanningscentrum ( Center of Culture and Re-creation , today COC Nederland), defense association of the rights of the homosexual ones. Brongersma and Bernard wrote of 1959 in 1964 several articles presenting the pedophilia under one day positive in the review of the COC Vriendschap ( Amitié ), but the creation of an internal work group is refused to him. Association Dutchwoman for the Sexual Reform ( Nederlandse Vereniging voor Seksuele Hervorming , NVSH), head of prow of the movement for sexual freedoms, then adopts a very critical attitude towards the paedophiles.
At the same time, Bernard founds with $the Hague the Enclave Kring (Circle of the Enclave). This group is defined as a movement aiming “to break the prejudices on the consequences of the contacts and sexual intercourse between minors and adults, to provide information and councils on this subject and to set up a direct program of assistance”. A publisher of the same name is founded in 1958, in order to propagate the ideas of the group. According to Bernard, the Enclave Kring becomes an international organization, with supports in Western Europe, with the Japan, New York and HongKong, where the psychologist holds of the conferences.
Starting from 1969, because of the evolution sociétale and the toughening of the avant-gardes, the positions of the NVSH evolve/move, and an work group on the pedophilia is formed there. This group publishes in 1972 Sex puts kinderen ( the sex with the children ), work which presents the ten years assessment of research on the sexual relationships enter adult and children, in optics pro-paedophile of the movement. The influence of this work is rather large in the Netherlands, but out of these two countries, few people are interested in defense of the pedophilia before the medium of the years 1970.
As of this time, the arguments and claims of the activists paedophiles are fixed. Those proclaim a relativism concerning the harmfulness of relations sexualized between children and adults and wish the integration of the paedophiles in the company, the declassification of the pedophilia of the lists of mental disorders and the abolition of the sexual majorities.
Activism paedophile in the Sexual Revolution
With the Sexual Revolution, research on the pedophilia develops and the paedophiles can express themselves more freely. Develops a claiming activism, which seeks to draw the attention of the media to advance its cause. The fringes more the avant-gardists of the companies estimate that the children must be able to live their sexuality, at least between them and, sometimes, within the framework of relations inter-générationnelles. Those remain however heavily penalized and the whole of the company as the feminist avant-gardes reject them in general. In the Netherlands the basic movement started in the years 1950 per Bernard continues and activism paedophile plays there a more reflexive part, broader and less combatant that in the other countries.
Netherlands: an abundant research, a rather receptive company
At the beginning of the Années 1970, it is always with the Netherlands that are written the majority of the articles on the subject (majority seeking in the short and long term to define the impact sexual contacts between children and adults on the first), starting from theoretical points of view like practices, by Bernard, the psychologist Theo Sandfort, the lawyer and politicking Edward Brongersma or the psychiatrist Frans Gieles. The data used by these researchers come paedophiles in analysis and discussions with adults and young people who had had sexual relationships with adults in their childhood or their adolescence. Bernard affirms in 1988 qu ' at that time, as a psychologist and that expert called often in court of justice, it had spoken with and analyzed “more than one hundred of adults paedophiles and approximately three hundred children and teenagers having had sexual contacts with adults”. Within Association Dutchwoman for the Sexual Reform (NVSH), the Studiegroep Pedofilie (Group of studies on the pedophilia), gathers specialists in childhood, psychiatrists, lawyers, and provides an important work of information.
The June 22nd 1979, the NVSH, the Coornhert League for a reform of the criminal law, the humane Confederation and Dutch organizations, send to the Parliament country and to the Minister for justice a letter and a petition requiring the legalization of the sexual relations authorized between children and adults. The petition was signed by the Dutch Association for the integration of homosexual the (COC, the homosexual main organization of the country); the Dutch feminist Federation official; all executives of the Workers party, then first political clout of the country, as well as moreover small parts represented with the Lower House like the Party democrat-Socialist, the pacifist Socialist party, the Democratic party and the Radical party; all executives of the youth movements of the liberal parties, members of the Labor Party and conservatives; a great number of academics, physicists, psychiatrists, psychologists, teachers, professors; the Confederation of the Protestant teachers; and some personalities. “Alarmed by the success of the petition”, the pédopsychiatres of the psychiatric Company Dutchwoman are opposed to the decriminalisation child-adults sexual relations while asserting that would have been likely to weaken the parental authority.
The following year, the COC declares that the cause of the paedophiles is related to that of the homosexual and that the release of homosexual would be never complete without the “release of the children and the paedophiles”. In 1981, the Protestant Dutch Foundation for a responsible family development (PSVG) publishes and distributes in the elementary schools Dutchwomen of tens of thousands of copies of an illustrated booklet entitled Pedophilia , to inform the children on what is the pedophilia. At the beginning of the Years 1980, the Dutch paedophiles speak freely on television about their relations with young minors, and the judgments become very rare and little doors. Edward Brongersma writes in 1984: “In the Netherlands, the pedophilia is discussed objectively during the courses of instruction of the police academies. There, just like in the universities, one endeavors to finish some with the prejudices. ”
French-speaking Europe: the support of the intellectuals and the left for solitary activists
The particular status of the intellectuals in France, which had made it possible certain writers (Henry de Montherlant, André Gide, Roger Peyrefitte, etc) to assume their tastes without being too worried, and which still allows it to them, also allowed the development of a literature paedophile starting from the end of the Années 1960, whose Tony Duvert and Gabriel Matzneff is the two principal figures. Their works, sometimes very raw, are recognized by the critic: Duvert obtains the Prix Médicis in 1973 for Paysage of imagination and the novels of Matzneff are generally well accommodated. To this literary work, the two authors add a work of activist essay writer as from 1974, date on which appear the Good illustrated sex , test of Duvert published with the Éditions of Midnight stigmatizing the methods of sex education in France, and overall, of education, " Less than 16 years , lampoon of Matzneff in which this one exalte the love of the young teenagers, being justified by the literature, and also Emile perverted treated anti-education writes by the academic and philosopher Rene Schérer.
This theoretical expansion, which falls under a revolutionary prospect more than in the justification of a particular taste, is rather short. In 1976, Schérer and Guy Hocquenghem direct a number of the review Recherches on childhood and education, “constant in particular by Michel Foucault and François Châtelet
Media of left to great diffusion contribute to the diffusion of these ideas, by publishing letters or interviews of paedophiles bringing back their experiment, the petitions and letters challenging the validity of the concept of indecent assault without violence on some fifteen year old minors, and by offering platforms to Matzneff or Duvert. These publications concern a comprehensive strategy of questioning of the company, and are asserted above all in the name of the freedom of expression, . In same optics, the extreme-left generally supports the paedophiles, that they are abstract groups or more important organizations, like the Communist revolutionary league.
However, the widening or not of “enjoying without obstacles” with the sexual relationships between children and adults are since 1968 a subject of debates within the militant groups: the dissolution of Lives the revolution directed by Roland Castro in 1971, is due partly to the debates which followed the refusal expressed by Herve Hamon to publish an interview of Rene Schérer, and when the paedophiles groups are structured and are made known public opinions, the reactions are often very negative.
Within the avant-gardes progressists, the feminists are often perplexed as for the real possibility of relations freely authorized between adults and children, the pedophilia being regarded as a mirror of the alienation of weak by the male sex. The fact that the great majority of the paedophiles as well as consumers of childish pornography and prostitution are men comes to support this thesis
The structuring of the movement
Starting from the medium of the Années 1970 appear to organizations paedophiles specifically, beyond homosexual associations and isolated thinkers. This toughening of the movement, and the multiplication of the groups until the medium of the Years 1980, while making it possible to the activists paedophiles to meet and exchange ideas and to make known themselves by the public opinions, marks first time towards their rejection.
In Northern Europe and Germanic
In Holland, in addition to the Studiegroep Pedofilie of the NVSH, many groups are born, in particular impelled by the action proselyte of Edward Brongersma and Frits Bernard: the Stiching Studiegroep Pedofilie (SSP); the Landelijke Werkgroep Jeugdemancipatie ( ex-Pedofilie ), specific group of the organization Nederlandse Vereniging Voor Seksuele Hervorming (NVSH - LWGJ); Spartacus, editor of an English review, Side Magazine , with international diffusion, and guide Spartacus which causes a scandal in the middle of the years 1990; as from 1982, MARTIJN , only group in Europe which exists there still today but without having much influence.
It is in Belgian Flanders that the first paedophile group is formed out of Holland, after a conference given to Antwerp in April 1973 by the group of study on the pedophilia of the NVSH. The Studiegroep Pedofilie organizes weekly meetings and collects information on the pedophilia (gathered in an information center based with Hasselt). In 1981 Stiekum is added, more militant (leaflets, interventions in institutional medium, with the radio, etc). These groups, which remain rather abstract, are as from 1984 the object of attacks of right parties, whose Vlaams Blok , which, reproaching them “for accustoming people to the phenomenon of the pedophilia”, diffuses in their publications and the Flemish newspapers of the calls to prohibit them, and organize protest demonstrations when are held in Flanders conferences and debates on the pedophilia.
In Germany, the Deutsche Studien und Arbeitsgemeinschaft Pädophilie (DSAP, German Company of study and work on the pedophilia) gathers starting from 1979 several local groups and publishes Befreite Beziehung (twelve numbers) then Die Zeitung . At the end of 1981, its two hundred members, not managing more to get along, cause the dissolution in fact of the movement. Arbeitskreis Päderastie (AKP, Work group on the pederasty), small group from reflection formed in 1979, becomes then main movement Germanic, although he addresses himself almost only to the Pédéraste S. Kinderfrühling , which takes again the edition of the Befreite Beziehung , is born from the dissolution of the DSAP.
In other countries of Northern Europe, the small groups which exist have an anecdotic influence, which it is the Schweizerische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Pädophilie (SAP) in Switzerland, the Paedofil Gruppe with the Denmark, the NAFP in Norway or the Paedofilia Arbeitsgruppen (PAG) in Sweden, and with the diffusion on rather broad scale of their reviews, the Magpie and NAMBLA Bulletin . In 1984, the MAGPIE dissolves, vis-a-vis the public pressure, whereas the NAMBLA always exists (it had in 1995 still approximately 1100 members). The reactions which the MAGPIE and the NAMBLA with their respective births cause show the little of receptivity of the anglophone companies for such movements.
The “circles of documentation and reflection”, like the Rene Guyon Society , the Childhood Sensuality Circle (CSC, created in 1975 by Validated Davila) or the Sexual Freedom League , have a very limited audience because they do not try to be made known.
French-speaking movements
The first French-speaking organization paedophile is born within the framework from the “Business from Versailles” when in Libération a call to participation in a meeting appears to constitute the FLIP (Face of release of the paedophiles). If this meeting takes place well, the FLIP does not survive to him, of the divergences occurring between the people present. Most radical found in semi-77 FRED (Face of research action for a different childhood), who defines in December of the same year a program, publishes some texts in 1978, makes some interventions of ground, then at the beginning of 1979 disappears, for lack of organization and because of dissensions between its members.
The first group French-speaking activist paedophile to last is GRED (Group of research for a different childhood), founded in July 1979, member of the CUARH (emergency Committee homosexual antirépression) and IGA ( International Gay Association ). The GRED tries in its review Small Gredin (10 numbers of 1981 to 1987) “to widen its public with the “professionals” of childhood, the parents them-even, the judges and the teachers. And with the children! ” in order to be a body of debate more than of militancy, attitude which the movement also adopts at the time of the conferences and roundtables to which it is invited.
The SHOUT (Research center and of information on childhood and sexuality) is founded in Belgium, following the disparation of the Group of study on pedophilia (GEP), by Philippe Carpentier in order to “gather people like” independently of the homosexual movement. This review is before a whole body militant which, through accounts, illustrations and articles on the friendly movements, speaks in praise of the pederastic loves.
In the years 1980, parallel to these bodies of movements appear various magazines, Jean' S (1985), Beach Boys (1985-1986), Eklat (1985) and Photokid (1986).
These groups, which are still attached to the spirit protestor post-soixante-huitard and the homosexual movements, are however aware of a change of mentalities, as well on behalf of their old allies as of the company in general.
They are discredited thereafter with the implication of their leaders in rape cases on minor or of sale of images pédopornographies: several members of the GRED are implied in the “Business of Coral” in 1983; SHOUT disappears abruptly in 1987 when it is discovered that, behind the photographs “software” of the Hope , Philippe Carpentier organized a traffic of pedopornographic images and vidéos implying eighteen countries; Vuillaume Jean-handbook is condemned in 1997 to have turned to Colombia of the pornographic vidéos putting in scene minor teenagers, business with which Michel Caignet is also mixed. Behind the great declarations on the reciprocal love, it thus seems that the majority of these reviews and movements helped, at least indirectly, with the formation of networks pédocriminels.
Dispersed movements
These movements, if they are made reciprocal publicities in their publications, however very few, not very influential and are coordinated especially little, from where the sometimes expressed regret of the absence of International a paedophile, although certain attempts at regrouping were carried out, often with the national scales.
On July 5th and 6th 1986 NAMBLA, SAP Switzerland, an Australian group and Scandinavian movements meets with Copenhagen. They recall that the combat for the acceptance of the pedophilia depends on the combat for sexual freedom and that the paedophiles must continue to fight face with the homosexual ones, while noting to face a very sharp hostility on behalf of the feminist . This meeting, which occurs whereas the movement is blown, does not have concrete effect. Currently, the IPCE organizes since its creation an annual meeting of its members but this one accommodates only very few people (four in 2006).
Since the middle of the years 1980: decline of activism paedophile
In spite of the appearance of new groups a decline of activism paedophile
With the beginning of the year 1990 is created the IPCE ( International Paedophile and Child Emancipation ), international organization with mainly informative vocation, and which is now present only on Internet, and in 1993 Krumme 13, German organization. Krumme 13 dissolves in 2003 and the DPA in 2004, vis-a-vis the opprobrium public general and with the lack of support on behalf of the former defenders of activism paedophile. In 2007, only NAMBLA and MARTIJN continue to exist on the public place.
The arrival of Internet offers a new breath to activism paedophile, while allowing the paedophiles attracted by the boys ( Boylovers ) and by the young girls ( Girl Lovers ) to find itself under the flag of the Childlove , whose Lindsay Ashford is the emblematic figure. In 1995 BoyChat, followed soon by the association Free Spirits is created, which aims to provide services Internets made safe to the paedophiles, in 1997, then by GirlChat. In 2001 is created by Jeffrey Gold in Florida the Sure Internet Quality Radio , first radio for Boylovers . These virtual gatherings paedophiles involve them to meet out of the Net. The forums remain however with weak audience, and more than of activism, they constitute places of contact between paedophiles.
May 31st, 2006 is announced creation in the Netherlands of the NVD ( Partij voor Naastenliefde, Vrijheid in Diversiteit ), Dutch political party proposing the abolition of any sexual majority, by three activists paedophiles, but as this party also puts forward other measures judged by much like whimsical (total exemption from payment of transport, legalization of the zoophilie, etc) without attacking the real problems of the contemporary company Dutchwoman, it either is made fun, or attacked (by Christian associations, the conservative party and the large majority of the opinion Dutchwoman). Finally, it cannot be presented to the elections, fault of having collected the signatures of support necessary.
Activism isolated paedophile of the Sexual Revolution
This decline of the groups of activists paedophiles is to be bound to a rejection of their action on behalf of the companies, even most open, and especially of the actors of the Sexual Revolution.
After 1982, activism paedophile of Western Europe, if it essuie not as many attacks as American activism, starts to decline: the media do not speak about it any more, the principal militants weary (Bernard takes his retirement of psychologist, expert and member of international organizations in 1985.
When in 1985 the German Greens, left points some at the time of the Sexual Revolution include in their program, after several months of work, of the proposals aiming at abolishing the articles of law on the sexual majority, while insisting for example on the fact that “the sexual relations with children are for the two productive
As from the same year, the Dutch police force starts to collaborate narrowly (of the weekly meetings at least until 1989, and the defense of the pedophilia at the time is mainly interpreted like a “collective blindness” (according to the expression of Jean-Claude Guillebaud). Admittedly, this rejection on behalf of the actors of the Sexual Revolution had started with the birth of activism paedophile:
The lesbians had been the first to be opposed to the paedophiles within movements GLBTQ: in 1980, a “gathering lesbian of the committee for the Gay Pride” (“ Lesbian Caucus - Lesbian & Gay Pride March Committee ”) invites to boycott the Gay Pride of New York because of one supposed seizure of NAMBLA on its Steering Committee. In 1983, when homosexual movement British CHE ( Campaign for Homosexual Equality ) supports the MAGPIE, in prey in a negative press campaign, the magazine condemns this support as harmful to the homosexual cause. This process of marginalisation continues until 1994, date on which the International Lesbian and Gay Association , in order to obtain an advisory statute at the Economic and Social Council of the the United Nations, decides to exclude four groups from activists paedophiles: American NAMBLA and Project Truth , Dutch MARTIJN and German Verein für Sexual Gleichberechtigung (VSG, “Association for the sexual equality”). The Sexual Revolution, at the end of the years 1990, got rid of its past paedophile. Indeed, for this time, the pedophilia has been the subject of a “unanimous judgment” and “the paedophile seems the incarnation of the most contemptible criminal” , , one does not hear much any more of him (Hugo Marsan described it as “forgotten dandy”) and the contemporary artists who, without being paedophiles, put in scene sexual relationships of adults with children consentants, or make rather ambiguous works so that some can interpret them as posing the possibility of such a report/ratio scandals cause. There thus was a “radical change”, one shows them not to raise the question of the understanding of the children and the facility to deceive them, like not being concerned with their perception a posteriori of the sexual contact; as from the years 1980, the thesis that any sexual contact between an adult and a child causes very serious psychological after-effects at the second becomes a “generally allowed image”. The reprobation of the rape of minor, which loses its statute of taboo, grows. More and more of businesses are judged by the courts: in France, the number of noted rapes of minor passes from 100 in 1984 to 578 in 1993, and that of the attacks or sexual aggressions on minors with aggravating circumstances of 355 in 1984 to 882 in 1993 and 3815 in 2004. The prevention becomes a priority as well legislative as popular, as in October 1996 the first White Marche testifies to it, which joins together with Brussels following the Affaire Dutroux more than 300.000 people, and the “carrying” subject.
Lastly, with the increase in the resentment against sexual violences towards the minors and the sudden arrival of the pedophilia in the media field, paedophiles and activists paedophiles are compared more and more to the rapists of children: according to Georges Vigarello, the end of the XXe century sees appearing a “manner of defining the pedophilia (...) ineluctably related on “violence” and either to the only “love” of the child”.
Media and legal excesses called in question
Since the Business of Outreau, one notes in France the first steps of the “fourth time”, media packing around the subject in spite of the basic rules of journalism, and more generally of the “perverse effects”.
This denunciation of the “pédofolie” does not mean therefore acceptance of the theories of the activists paedophiles: the appearance of NVD in May 2006 caused more consternation and of neutral indignation, or articles on the subject. Moreover, in the majority of the Western States, the repression of the sexual relations between major and minor sexual remains of topicality: in the United States, there exist Internet sites indexing the places of dwelling of the former sex criminals.
Born with the Revolution Sexual and tolerated only at that time, activism paedophile has been the subject for twenty years of criticisms and an increasingly large disapproval on behalf of the companies in which it had developed. He is mainly regarded today as a kind of overflow
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