History of Maine-et-Loire

General presentation

The Département of Maine-et-Loire was created in 1790 under the name of " Mayenne and Loire" by decision of the constituent Assembly. It corresponds to a part only of the old province of Anjou.
Become Maine-et-Loire, the department is located at the center of the area Pays of the Loire.
It is bordering on the departments of Ille-et-Vilaine, of the Mayenne, the the Sarthe, Indre-et-Loire, the Vienna, the Two-Sevres, the the Vendée and the Loire-Atlantique.

It carries mineralogical classification " 49".

The the Loire crosses it of Is in West.

The Maine-et-Loire extends to the East on the Western slope from the Paris basin and to the West on the oriental party of the Armorican Massif.

The department is classified " World heritage " UNESCO thanks to the Loire Valley and its many castles.

History

The Généralité of Turns according to the general Payment of January 24th 1789 (General states) was organized with a certain number of modification which let predict the dismantling of the old royal provinces.
Indeed, on November 11th 1789, the Constituent Assembly abrupt the things by ordering to the deputies old provinces to act in concert, in order to set up a network of new departments of approximately 324 square miles, is 6.561 km ² actuels.
meetings are held at once in the hotel of the duke of Choiseul-Praslin, deputy of the nobility of the Sénéchaussée of Angers. About thirty deputies (of the three provinces) present plan to reassign territories with the Poitou and to subdivide the field remaining in four departments, around the traditional capitals, Tours, Angers and Mans, and around the town of Laval, which would recover grounds of Maine and Anjou.
on November 12th 1789, 25 deputies (of the three provinces) approve this division, but the two representatives of Saumur, from Tool bags and Cigougne, dissociate from this decision. The Resident of Saumur pleads in favor of a department of Saumur located at the crossroads of the three provinces of Anjou, Touraine and Poitou, with Loudun for the division of the capacities. They show the representatives of Angers to get along with their colleagues of Maine and of Touraine for the cutting-up of the seneschalsy of Saumur. They also show them to give up in Touraine 24 parishes in the past angevines (around Castle-the-Vallière and of Bourgueil). Dissatisfaction grows, the manifest population of Bourgueil for her maintenance in Anjou and is solidarized with Saumur. During this time, the representatives of Chinon, following the example those of Saumur also try to create their own department. Dissensions appear within the municipal council of Saumur. Certain representatives of the Nobility and the Clergy approve the cutting suggested by Angers. In December of the same year, Loudunais break their agreement with Saumur.
on January 14th 1790, the National Assembly issues that " Saumur and the Resident of Saumur will belong to the department of Anjou ".
Integrated in the department of " the Mayenne-and-Loire " (future " Maine-et-Loire "), Saumur tries to share with Angers the function of chief town. Having lost the part, the representatives of Saumur proclaim that the rotation between Angers and Saumur makes it possible to thwart the intrigues and the cabals which are born from the fixity…
on Monday, May 24 1790, they obtain 104 votes in favor of the rotation, but 532 votes decide in favor from a permanent headquarter in Angers. The new department is made up. The Constituent Assembly ratifies this structure on June 22nd 1790 and the King on June 25th 1790.
In order to calm the susceptibility of the Resident of Saumur, the 36 members of the new council of the department carry to their presidency Gilles Blondé of Bagneux (former mayor of Saumur). Thus until November 1791, the first president of the general advice of Maine-et-Loire, will be Saumur-native.

Lists of the bailliages principal, followed number of deputies to elect and name of the bailliages or seneschalsies secondary:

Seneschalsy of Angers, 16 deputies, (Wallow, Beaufort, Castle-Gontier, the Arrow);
Seneschalsy of Loudunois to Loudun, 4 deputies;
Seneschalsy of Maine to the Mans, 20 deputies, (Beaumont-the-Viscount, Castle-of-Dormouse, Fresnay-the-Viscount, Laval, Mamers, Holy-Suzanne);
Seneschalsy of Saumur, 4 deputies;
Bailliage de Tours, 16 deputies, (Châtillon-on-Indre, Chinon, Langeais, Loaches, Montrichard).

The seneschalsy of Angers keeps its prerogatives on almost the whole of Anjou which will become the future Département of Maine-et-Loire, like on the whole of the Mayenne angevine (Castle-Gontier and Craon) and on the major part of Maine angevin (the Arrow and Lude) less the baillage independent of Castle-of-Dormouse attached to the principal seneschalsy of the Mans.
The Resident of Saumur always constitutes a seneschalsy independent of that of Angers but which integrated nevertheless the Département of Maine-et-Loire, on the other hand the Resident of Saumur still keeps for some time its authority on Mirebeau, Moncontour and Richelieu. Loudunais, which separates the seneschalsy from Saumur in two distinct zones, also forms a seneschalsy independent of that of Angers.

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