History of Chile précolombien

The history of Chile précolombien recovers the period which goes from the arrival of the first human populations on the territory of the current Chile until the first European exploration of the area, carried out by the Spaniard Diego de Almagro in 1535 - 1536.

There exist many theories on the settlement of America; most usually accepted today, that of Paul Rivet, rests on the assumption of multiple arrivals, from different places: the men would have from Asia by the Bering Strait, but also by jump of island to island while passing by the Polynésie and the Mélanésie, to reach the Central America. The first people which lived on the current territory of Chile come from these shifts in population.

The prehistoric site of Assembles Verde to the Chile, classified the World heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, makes it possible to date the oldest habitats from Chile in the 13.000 year old neighborhoods to 15.000 years for " Assemble Verde II" and around 33.000 years at 35.000 years for " Assemble Verde I". Various research shows that the first populations having lived the country would have arrived towards: 35000 years front J-C, period of the Pleistocene for the prehistoric site of " Assembles Verde I" and towards: 15000 years front J-C for the site of " Assembles Verde II" (end of the Pleistocene and beginning of the Holocene (towards the end of the Paleolithic superior). Chile prehispanic was populated by various Amerindian people which had settled at the same time in the Andes cordillera and coast. In the northern zone of the country, Aymaras and Atacaméniens started about the 11th century of our era to cultivate the ground the made-to-order of Incas (terrace cultivation with mountainside with various drains). At the 15th century, Incas took possession of the territory of current Chile until the river Maule. In the south of Aconcagua, seminomad communities as the Mapuche S were installed. In the southern zone of the country, various Amerindian people lived like Chomos, Tamanas, Alacafuches and Onas. In the Easter Island developed a culture extinct Polynésie nowadays.

Peaceful side, various cultures and people coexisted: Aymaras, Changos, Chinchorros, Atacameños, Diaguitas in north; Picunches, Mapuches, Huilliches, Chonos in the central and southern area; and Onas, Yaganes and Alacalufes in the Patagonie and the Ground of Fire. Mapuches formed the most community.

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