History of Barbados
Settlement
The island of Barbados could be inhabited as of the XVIIe century before J. - C. the migrations of Amerindian populations come from the Venezuela are better known. The Arawak unloaded in the neighborhoods of -400. Traces of their presence were found in Silver Sands, Chancery Land and Pie Corner. They were then invaded by the the Caribbean towards 1200 and their population decreased quickly. The Caribbean also disappeared from the island, victims of famines, diseases and removal by the Spanish colonists worms of the larger islands to be used as slaves.
Navigators Portuguese on the way towards the Brésil briefly visited the island, leaving behind them Cochon S savages which were going to make the happiness of the first British colonists . They named the island Los Barbados , which means bearded the in Portuguese, perhaps because of the appearance of the Figuier S of which it was covered.
British colonization
The first unloaded British navigators the May 14th 1625 found the island uninhabited and asserted it in the name of the king Jacques I {{er}}. The first colony was established the February 17th 1627 close to current Holetown by Sir William Courteen, a London tradesman which had the title of Barbados and several other not asserted islands. Courteen lost then its title with the profit of the account of Carlisle Bay. This last named the governor Henry Hawley, who founded the House of the Parliament in 1639 in an effort of pacification for the growers who saw his nomination of an evil eye.The population was then as a large made up majority white men, and of some African slaves . The culture of the Tobacco, of the Cotton, the Ginger and the Indigo was mainly assured by Européens workers under contract jursqu' with the development the industry of the Canne to sugar.
Cane with sugar and slavery
The culture of the cane with sugar began in the years 1640, after its introduction by Pieter Blower in 1637. Progressively of its economic development, the large plantations replaced the small-scale farming of the beginnings. Part of the expelled farmers of their grounds were relocated in British colonies of North America, mainly in South Carolina. Slaves were imported of Africa of number.
The cane with sugar dominated the economic growth of Barbados, which remained leader of the sugar industry until in 1720.
Political development
Of 1800 with 1885, Barbados was the seat of the government of the British colonies of the Windward Islands whose its governor was also the colonial chief. When the government of Barbados left officially the Union of Windward Islands in 1885, the seat was moved of Bridgetown to Saint-Georges, where there remained until the dissolution of the union.
A little later it was a question of a union between Tobago and another territory in order to constitute only one State. Barbados officially required of the British government to consider a political union with Tobago, but it is the island of Trinité which was preferred to him.
With the abolition of slavery in 1838, the minority consisted the growers remained with the capacity thanks to a high taxable quota which excluded 70% from the population of the political life. It was necessary to wait the years 1930 to see the starter of a formed movement of descendants of released slaves and the formation of trade unions. One of the leaders of the movement, Sir Grantley Adams, founded the Ligue progressist of Barbados , ancestor of the Workers party of Barbados, in 1938. The Grande depression had put a big number of worker at unemployment, and in spite of its honesty towards the British crown, Adams wanted more for the people.
The minimal income giving access to the right to vote was lowered in 1942, then the Vote for all made its appearance in 1951. Adams was elected Prime Minister in 1958.
Barbados was member of the Fédération of the Western Indies of 1958 with 1962, organization which was not to make failure because of nationalist squabbles and a limited legislative power. Its members all were still of the British colonies, and in spite of its title of Prime Minister, Adams had only one weak autonomy. Always attached to monarchy, it tried to form other federal entities, with the Windward Islands and the Leeward Islands.
Independence
Errol Walton Barrow succeeded Grantley Adams as a spokesperson of the people and it was through him that the will of independence developed. Enthusiastic reformer and former member of the LPB, it had left the party to found the democratic Workers party, alternate progressist at the conservative government of Adams. It succeeded this last at the post of Prime Minister in 1961 and the PTD took the control of the government. It was at the origin of important social reforms, in particular the introduction of the school exemption from payment for all the Barbadians.
After several years of increasing autonomy, Barbados was able to negotiate its independence within the framework of a constitutional conference with Great Britain in June 1966. The territory became officially member independent of the the Commonwealth the November 30th of the same year, with Errol Barrow like Prime Minister.
Sources
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