Historical Chronology of the island of Taiwan

This is a chronology of the Histoire of the island of Taiwan, prehistory at our days.

Prehistoric times

30.000 years ago: older human trace with Taiwan (the man of Zuozhen)
6.000 years ago: the ancestors of the indigenous start to arrive by successive waves at Taiwan.
1.000 years ago: the ancestors of Da' O arrive on the island of Lanyu (the island of the orchises).

XVIe century

1544 : The Portuguese cross off Taiwan and name the island Formosa (Ilha Formosa).

XVIIe century

1604 : the Dutchmen, under the command of Wijbrand van Waerwijck, settle in Pescadores in order to trade with China. The general Ming Shen You-rong their request to withdraw itself.
1609 : The Shogunat Tokugawa sends the lord Arima Haruno (有馬晴信) for a mission of exploration of Taiwan.
1616 : Murayama Toan (村山等安) tries to invade Taiwan.
1622 : The Dutchmen under the command of Cornelis Reyersoon occupy Pescadores in order to persuade China to be traded with them. They are driven out by it in 1924

Dutch and Spanish occupation (August 26th, 1624, February 1st, 1662)

1623 : court of prohibited Ming to sail towards Taiwan.
1624 : The Dutchmen settle with Tainan and Anping where they build two forts. They will make trade and will évangéliseront part of the aboriginals to their contact.
1626 : The Spanish settle in the north of the island with Tamsui and Chilung. They will try to make the same thing as the Dutchmen but with much less success.
1927 : the Dutch missionaries start to christianize part of the community aboriginal in Hsinkang:
1636 : the Aboriginals attack the Spaniards with Tamsui.
1636 : The Dutchmen build a school with Hsinkang and sign the bible with the aboriginals.
1641 : The Dutchmen bring together the indigenous chiefs so that they form a local council.
1642 : the Spaniards are driven out by the Dutchmen.
1647 : The Dutchmen introduce cattle and teaches with the aboriginals to use them.
1661 : Koxinga arrives at Taiwan to make its base of it in order to fight against the Mandchous.
1661 : The Manchu government prohibited to cross the strait.
1661 : Koxinga distribut grounds.

Kingdom of Tungning (1662-1683)

1662 : Koxinga beats the Dutchmen who leave the island in their turn.
1683 : The Manchus (Dynasty Qing) take possession of Taiwan.

Under the Qing Dynasty

1683 : The troops Ming loyal supporters this return to the Manchus.
1684 : Taiwan becomes a prefecture of the province of the Fujian. It is divided into 3 ditricts (Zhuolo, Taiwan and Fengshan).

XVIIIe century

1722 : The Manchu governor prohibited the culture in the mountains.
1727 : The governor authorizes the Pingpu communities to rent their grounds with the Chinese.
1752 : The governor indicates zones or live the " barbares" (Aboriginals) to prohibit the Chinese to penetrate there.
1758 : The Mandchou governor orders to the Aboriginals to adopt the Chinese habits as well as Chinese names.
1760 : The governor raises prohibition to cross the strait.
1766 : The governor sets up the " Office of the Barbares" Businesses;.
1787 : Lin Shuang-wen (林爽文) revolts against the Manchus, the Tsou help the Manchus to defend the zone of a-li mountain.

XIXe century

1858 : Treaty of Tianjin, the France obtains the opening of the port of Tamsui.
1865 : Opening of an English consulate in the south of the island.
1871 : Japanese fishermen of the islands Ryukyu after a typhoon unload in the south of Taiwan and are killed by Paiwan with Mutan (incidental of the village mutan).
1872 : The missionary George Leslie Mackay of Canada establishes a mission with Tamsui.
1874 : The Japanese unload in Taiwan and face the Paiwan of Mutan.
1874 : Shen CAM-chen asks for a policy of mountainous opening of the zones in order to manage the Aboriginals and to facilitate transport in the island, of the troops are sent in the indigenous villages.
1875 : Taiwan is divided into two prefectures.
1880 : George Leslie Mackay builds a hospital.
1884 : Franco-Chinese War, the French marine makes a blockade of Keelung and Tamsui.
1885 : Taiwan becomes a Chinese Province. Liu Mingchuan (劉銘傳) becomes the first governor of Taiwan.
1895 : Following the Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895) the treaty of Shimonoseki is signed and the China yields Taiwan to the Japan.

Republic of Formosa (May 25th, October 21st, 1895)

1895 : Of the pro-Qing declare the Republic of Formosa. Tang Jingsong (唐景崧) is named President.

XXe century

Japanese occupation

1900 : The Atayal of Takekan revolt against the Japanese.
1904 : The office of the governor of Taiwan promulgates several laws prohibiting the possession of the firearms and gunpowder.
1917 : The Bunun of the village of Tanta revolt against Japanese.
1923 : The prince Hirohito Taiwan visit.
1923 : The office of the government of Taiwan announces that the " term; barbare" should be replaced by that of " tribe of the montagnes".
1930 : Atayal de Wushe, carried out by Mona Rudao, revolt against the Japanese (Incidental of Wushe).
1937 : The powerplant of the lake of the moon and the sun is finished.
1940 : The office of the government of Taiwan encourages the aboriginals to adopt Japanese names.
1942 : " Voluntary of Takasago " are formed.
1945 : Japan capitulates. The nationalists of the Guomindang take the control of the island with the agreement of Allied (Conférence of Cairo). The Taiwaneses are not dominated any more by Japan. The newcomers of China import the Corruption and repression. The government and the Taiwanese population are in disagreement.

Under the Republic of China

February 28th 1947: An incident bursts with Taipei (二二八事件). The population expresses and the confrontations with the nationalist government multiply. A terrible repression follows, accompanied by approximately: 20 000 with: 30 000 dead. The leaders are carried out. The martial law is founded on all the island.
1949 : On the continent, in 1949, the communist proclaim the Popular republic of China. The marshal Tchang Kaï-chek, after having lost the war against Mao Zedong, takes refuge in Taiwan. He then positions back the martial law as well as a provisional government. The Chinese population arrived in 1949 represents 15 % of the total population of the island. But the immigrants take the control of Taiwan and the 85 % of Taiwanese.
1950 : The République of China is created in Taiwan.
1951 : The the United States and Taiwan sign the agreement of defense and assistance mutual insurance companies. The Traité of San Francisco is signed between the Allies and the Japan. By this treaty, Japan gives up its sovereignty on Taiwan. The treaty does not specify the news Souveraineté. It is considered whereas “the future statute of Taiwan will be decided in agreement with the intentions and the principles of the Charte of the United Nations”. It is the only international treaty of the 20th century concerning the statute of Taiwan.
1958 : The popular Armée with release (APL) of continental China launches an offensive against the small islands of Jinmen and Matsu. It is the Crise of the strait of Formosa. The United States intervenes and prevents the Chinese invasion.
1971 : UNO votes the recognition of the Popular republic of China like the only legitimate representative of China to the United Nations (Résolution 2758). Consequently, the Republic of China loses the seat of this one and is excluded from all the organization.
1975 : Tchang Kaï-chek dies.
1979 : Beijing invites Taiwan to return “within the motherland”. The government is then called “authorities of Taipei” by the Popular republic of China.
1981 : Beijing proposes in Taipei the “three bonds” (trade, station, voyages), as well as the “four exchanges” (university, cultural, economic and sporting). China then invents the doctrines “a country, two systems”.
1982 : After having answered by the “three not” (not with the contacts, the negotiations and the compromises), Taiwan recognizes the leaders of Beijing like the “Chinese communist authorities”.
1987 : The martial law, which lasts since 1949, is raised to Taiwan. The population is authorized to visit the Popular republic of China.
1988 : Chiang Ching-Kuo dies and Lee Teng-hui becomes President.
1991 : Taiwanese president Lee Teng-hui announces the end of the “period of national mobilization for the suppression of the communist rebellion”.
November 1993: The Taiwanese Minister for the economy announces provisional policy the “of two Chinas”, which relates to “two Sovereign states”.
1995 : The US government invites Lee Teng-hui to visit the the United States, following that begins the crisis of the missiles.
Mars 1996: The Popular republic of China starts operations Naval Aviation along the coast of the Fujian. In particuler it draws from the missiles off Taiwan. The reaction of the United States is the deployment of two nuclear Porte-avions in the zone. Lee Teng-hui is elected president by the vote for all.
Be 1999: The doctrines of “only one China” are abandoned. Taiwan wants to negotiate State in State with the Popular republic of China. This one then utters threats of war by envisaging an military intervention in the event of independence evolution.
Mars 2000: The Guomindang is beaten with the presidential elections by the Minjindang (Democratic party progressist). The new president de Taiwan east Chen Shui-bian.

XXIe century

2001 : The three mini bonds between Jinmen, Matsu and the Fujian returns in service.
2002 : Taiwan returns with the World Trade organization
2004: Chen Shui-bian is re-elected of accuracy with 0.22% of the votes moreover than its admersaire.
2004 : The Taipei 101 becomes most scrapes sky of the world.
2005 : First commercial flight direct between Beijing and Taipei for the Chinese new year.
2005 : The Popular republic of China vote the Law antisécession, which " autorise" use of the armed force if Taiwan declares its independence.
2006 : The train at high speed returns in service (Shinkansen).

External bonds

Zh-min-nan: Tâi-oân le̍k-sú nor-pió

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