Hingrie

Hingrie is a Hameau belonging to Rombach-the-Franc, located in the department of the Haut-Rhin and the area Alsace.

Geography

Hingrie is small a Hameau located by 48°17' 37" of northern latitude and 7°13' 18" of longitude is and which forms a narrow valley dispersed around various small valleys and wooded hills. There exists one local road which connects Rombach-the-Franc to the hamlet of Hingrie. The distance between the village and the first houses is of 5 km and the longest distance to reach the isolated farms is of 9 km. In the middle of the hamlet the brook of Rombach runs which abounds with trouts and which takes its source with the collar of Hingrie located at 749 meters close to the locality " Chenelle (Chenhel) ". The narrow valley of Hingrie is also a refuge where the Mésanges are côtoient, the tube and the wagtail of the brooks which makes capers in Rombach. One can also from time to time see the ashy Héron, with the mounting on and the river water levels or at the edge of Rombach, close to Bestegoutte. One can also see Chamois perched on the rocks precipice or spirit of brouter the grass in close to the small valleys which surround Hingrie in the presence of cows with which they cohabit very well.

While going down from the collar of Hingrie, the brook of Rombach is enlarged by water coming respectively from the sources of Barançon, Foa, Volbach, the Hollow-Oak, Bestegoutte, and Besse of the slopes. A little further it is also joined by water the Small bedroom, Voulhimont and Pierreusegoutte.

Variations and localities: large Barançon (832 m), Small Barançon, Bestegoutte (416 m), Besse of the slopes, the hung cat (598 m), the Rain Heat, Chausotte, Chenelle (or Chenhel), the collar of Hingrie 749 m), the Hollow-Oak (621m, in German: Hohleich ), Degelingoutte (573 m), Foa, Gelingoutte, Hautegarde (670 m), High Fountain (573 m, in German: Hochbrunnen ), the Mill gate, Naltérin (704 m), the rock of the Fox, Ronchamp, Varrière (Canopy), Sharp the Rock, Volbach

Origin of the name

Hingrie is mentioned in a charter of Charlemagne gone back to 774 under the name of Achinis Ragni . The radical ragni which means rain the small height finds in many toponyms of the area. Förstemann, Menke, Stoffel seem to accredit this assumption, just as other historians, the such Grandidier abbot, or the Laguille father who devoted notes on the history of the valley. The historical dictionary of Bacquot-Ristelhuber printed at last century goes in the same direction. The dictionary of the Romance patois of the Moselle translates the word Hingrie by Hungary, others make it derive from German hing (suspended). Jules Degerman has very an other version since he affirms that Hingrie would be derived from the German Ackerman which means “nipples”. He adds in his article " the donation of Charlemagne" that Achini Ragni could be the rain of Saint-Blaise in Hury, but it is quite alone to divide this opinion.

History

Perhaps this hamlet points out a historical period, in relation to the Hungarian invasions of the 10th century. Of 910 with 937 the Hungarian make several incursions in Lorraine. The abbeys of Saint-Dié, Moyenmoutier and Etival are plundered and burned. During the year 926 the Hungarians invade the Alsace and put fire at the abbey of Eschau. The count Luitfried who had tried in vain to contain the troops come from Hungary, had his army crushed close to Huningue. In July of the same year the riders Magyars ransack and put fire at the Abbaye of Murbach in the valley of Guebwiller, close to Buhl. The community of the monks has time to flee. Led by the prince-abbot the monks take refuge in Lorraine. Part of the monks of Murbach makes halt to the Prieuré of Lièpvre which has seems it always saved by the fatal raids of the Hungarians or Magyars which is nomads connected with the Mongolian and whose chief was at the time Arpad. Murbach maintained at the time of the very close connections with the abbey of Saint-Denis, since one of the monks, the scientist friendly Alcuin and adviser of Charlemagne had remained there during several days. He had said himself impressed by the scientific and religious high level of the monks of this abbey. He was chief of school of the palate Carolingien of Charlemagne.

The Hungarians were avid of spoils and particularly plundered and burned the convents and abbeys. In 954 benefitting from a revolt in Bavaria, the Hungarians launched a new invasion which theirs will be fatal. They will be beaten on August 10th 955 by the imperial troops of Otton I {{er}} says the Large one (962 - 975) to the Lechfeld close to Augsburg which will put an end to the fatal raids of the Hungarians in Occident. King Otton Ier receives the imperial crown of the pope Jean X (955 - 964) which founds the " Holy Germanic Roman Empire ". Otton Ier confirms the donations of its predecessors and restores with the Saint Sits previously the occupied territories by Beranger II marquis d' Ivrée.

The name of Hingrie is probably derived from the Vosgean patois that the first inhabitants named Hingrey from where later the name of Hingrie which is the final form of the French name. The invasions repeated of Hungarian on the Lorraine slope of the the Vosges where they threw the devastation and the ruin, led the serfs of the powerful Vosgean abbeys which had been destroyed, to flee and seek refuge in the valleys on the Alsatian side. According to any probability, Hingrie was thus a center of repopulation of the Lorraine refugees who obtained the favor to rebuild their hearths destroyed by the invasions of the 10th century. By calling their new agglomeration, Hingrie, they wanted to undoubtedly fix the memory of their tragedy epopee that had to undergo Hungarian to them.

It is in this wild valley and an imposing decoration, that before the revolution of the farmers maintained carefully and with tenacity their small holding fixed on the blank the abrupt hills which their got the food products which they needed. At the 13th century, part of Hingrie, on Right Bank of Rombach, whose Biagoutte and Bestegoutte, Schlingoutte and Noirceux, these the last two localities attached since to the valley of City, made party of the Empire. These grounds then, in 1222, had 1222 been distributed to the Abbaye of Baumgarten by the duke of Lorraine Mathieu II (1220 - 1251). They were before the property of the noble knight Wirric called Gorger and his/her Philippe son which had been invited by the duke to distribute their own grounds to the abbey. In compensation, higher the Lichard abbot of the Abbey of Baumgarten in the Valley of City, was to give 30 Toul-native pennies, a white cow and 10 cheeses. This abbey founded in 1125 by Cunon de Michelbach was entirely destroyed at the time of the Guerre of the Bumpkins in 1525. Located close to Andlau, it had the cure of Burner, village now disappeared around Sélestat. The cure had been given to the abbey by the emperor Henri VII.

Between 1528 and 1550 one detects money mines at the bottom of the small valley of Hingrie. Towards 1536, one attends a strong immigration come from Saxony and Misnie which settles in Hingrie and in all the valley. An important mine, the Saint-George mine, which produced copper enormously is worked and requires a rather important labor.

Depending on the dukes of Lorraine, Hingrie (just like Rombach-the-Franc) belonged to a Lorraine enclave in Alsace until the death of the duke Stanislas in 1766. Certain places point out this annexation: the way of Lorraine which connects Hingrie to the department of the the Vosges towards Lubine or the pre one of Lorraine , an old Lorraine possession wedged in the communal forest with the place known as of Degelingoutte which has a surface of 3,38 hectares. This pre was sold to private individuals of Rombach-the-Franc during the Revolution. Since April 9th 1933 it belongs to the goods of the commune.

At the 17th century Hingrie is also mentioned in the files under the name Haingerie . Between 1650 and 1730 this hamlet receives Swiss Mennonites (Anabaptistes) which start to clear the hills. Between 1710 and 1743 a glassmaking is installed and turns to full mode at the bottom of the small valley of Hingrie close to the forest districts of High Fountain and to Chausotte where a considerable number people come to work, in particular of the Germans, Lorraine and the glassmakers of Ribeauvillé. As of the first year forty houses its installed between Bestegoutte and Haute Fountain where many glassmakers live.

Legends

The Hollow-Oak

At the entry of the hamlet draws up an old farm inn which bore the name of " firm inn of the Hollow-Chêne". With a few meters of this one a martyrdom with the right-hand side is of which a way leads to the locality of Bestegoutte.

The origin of the name " Hollow-Oak " is probably due to an old medieval legend according to which there were a so hollow ancient oak that he had ended up giving his name to the whole of the pastures of the neighborhoods and the forest. It is with the foot of this worthy oak that, according to the legend, of the witches met for their Sabbath.

It is claimed that two inhabitants of the Val of City who went in Lorraine took this way. One of them surprised of the witches speaking about the girl of the duke of Lorraine which had fallen sick. One of it was praised to have caused the disease of the girl of the duke. She acknowledged that it was enough to give a magic potion to be able to restore it.

One day it was learned that a foreigner of passage had managed a magic potion to him which had cured it. The duke of Lorraine having promised meanwhile to give it in marriage to which would save it, granted the hand of his daughter to him.

Touched during one night by a violent one storm, the oak was then cut down, but the name of the place remained in the memories.

Besse of the slopes

Not far from the Hollow-Oak, before arriving at the locality of Bestegoutte, " is; Besse of the pèntes". He was inhabited before the revolution by the three Pènter sisters. According to the tradition, it was an old place where was held Sabbaths.

The three women lived very chichement, but others affirm that they very jealously preserved purses containing of the gold coins attached around their size. For many villagers Besse of the Slopes where these three women lived was a haunted place where it was not good to be delayed there. With died of these three women, the place was baptized Besse of the Slopes that the patoisants called the " Bess of Penter".

the vault of the iron Leg

It is told that this vault was built with the site even where a custode was representing the Virgin who was brood in the hollow of an old fir tree. This fir tree was on the edge of a way which connected the hamlet of Hingrie (dependant on Rombach-the-Franc) and Lubine. According to the tradition a farmer originating in Hingrie led his oxen towards Holy-Cross-with-Mines. Being rested at the place where the vault of the iron leg rises today, he fell asleep while its herd continued to feed in the forest. To its alarm clock it realized that its herd had disappeared. Helped by some friends it was put in search to find its animals. He will vainly seek during three days his animals in the forest. Exhausted of tiredness, he fell asleep at the place even where its animals had disappeared. With its alarm clock it had the surprise to note that part of its cattle which had volitilized surrounded it again. It qualified these meeting again of miraculous and placed as a sign of recognition a statue of the Virgin in the hollow of an old fir tree.

Localities

The way of Hingrie, a strategic road borrowed by the lords

The way at the fine bottom of Hingrie undoubtedly existing since the 10th century will become thereafter a strategic road borrowed by various troops seigneuriales. This way started to materialize with the skirt of forest to the place known as of the " Rain" heat;. This way was also used by the lords of the castle of Bildstein (Urbeis) and those of the castle of Echéry to Small Rombach. It was at the beginning of the Middle Ages the single attended way which went to the collar of Schlingoutte and which was baptized by the inhabitants of the Val of City " the road of Herr" (road of the Lords) and by the French-speaking population the " way of Lorraine". This way had an strategic importance since it made it possible to convey the salt Lorraine in Alsace and had been called the road of salt sometimes. The exploitation of salt was still rather important at the 18th century. Salt was vital to preserve the meat and those which exploited salt were rich. This strategic way joined the Large one and Petit Rombach and then the the Vosges which made it possible to the travelling tradesmen to run out their goods in Lorraine or in Alsace. After the Great War this way received the name of " way of Allemands".

The vault of the iron Leg

The statue of the Virgin will remain of 1744 until the construction of the vault in 1840. The farmer of Hingrie indeed wished to build a small vault at the place even where “the miracle had occurred”, but any religious building was banished during the revolution. It could not thus put its will in practice. The inhabitants of the Vosgean slope like those of Rombach-the-Franc or Holy-Cross-with-Mines went very many to the S to the annual pilgrimages which took place every Whit Monday. During the second world war these gatherings took place the day of the Assomption, on August 15th. One sang there vespers followed by the blessing of the the Blessed Sacrament and even a procession to the torches in the evening. After 1944 the pilgrimage was again fixed Mondays of the Pentecost. At the time, the population of Lubine on the spot brought a harmonium imposing drawn enough by two oxen, to raise and give more glare to the ceremony. It is not known if the instrument somewhat chahuté during the jolty way still produced sounds. The vault of the iron leg was also the place of appointment of many pilgrims who suffered from the legs: disabled ex-serviceman, victims, etc the walls of the vault were filled of marble ex-votos engraved more or less richly according to the fortune of the pilgrim. But what struck more was an accumulation of canes and crutches and especially of “wooden legs” brought by the pilgrims to thank the Madonna for having obtained the cure. The pilgrimage had its rites. The inhabitants of two slopes (Vosgean and Alsatian) had an honor to go to foot to the vault since their place of dwelling. The pilgrims used on this occasion of the prams of children or the carts for handicapped people. The arrival was to comprise seven times it tower of the vault supposed to represent the seven gifts of the Saint Spirit. At that time any Christian was to be able to name without hesitating the seven gifts or still to better sing them. During this ceremony, it was recommended to recite seven Lord's Prayer and seven Aves or to request the chain or the rosary knelt or sat in front of the steps of the vault. Those which were not too far away from the vault came to request the morning and the evening there. The old ones of Lubine also remember that during the Lent or the time of Passion the habit wanted that one achieved five times it tower of the vault in memory of the five wounds of the Christ. Just as with the Holy Trinity the pilgrims had to make three times it tower of the vault by reciting prayers. During these pérégrinés pilgrims flowers brought. The staircases and the ground of the vault were strewn with enormous bouquets of flower or pastoral flowers gathered in the course of road. The pilgrims poured also their mite by throwing a small part through the bars of the door which remained always closed. The sums thus collected were used to celebrate masses with the address of Notre Dame of the iron Leg of April until the All Saints' day. According to the legend a source ran with the foot of the vault. Certain pilgrims drank this water, others aspergeaient of them the feet and the legs at the time to turn over on their premises. Currently a mass is still celebrated every two years, the Whit Monday at the time of the renewal of the wishes of the baptism of the young people of the parish of the Holy Trinity with Lubine. The faithful ones are found there very many to accompany confirmed. One can go towards this vault by the collar of Hingrie. Of this place to take the path which goes down. The vault is at 15 minutes of this way. Since Holy-Cross-with-Mines one arrives there while moving towards the bottom of the small valley of the Grand Rombach and from there carry on his way to the Cross of Surmely. Then to take the bituminized road a 6 km length which go towards Lubine. It will then be necessary for you to go during a good hour to reach the vault unless going there by car.

The vault of Hingrie

The Vault of Hingrie dedicated to Holy Marie auxiliatrice, was set up by the commune of Rombach-the-Franc at the bottom of the small valley of Hingrie, slightly downstream from the junction of Rombach and Volbach. She was blessed on August 17th 1913 by the priest of the Paroisse Hermas Baffrey. The idea of the construction of this vault returns to Jean Bader, priest of the Holy-Madeleine parish of Holy-Marie-with-Mines, which as of 1855 planned to make build an oratory dedicated to Notre Dame of the Seven pains. It had at that time ordered a statue with a company of Strasbourg. But it is finally only on March 31st 1912 which the municipality of Rombach-the-Franc whose mayor was at the time Mr Célestin Tonnelier, taken the decision to build a vault in Hingrie because of the big number of inhabitants which lay in the hamlet. There was indeed at that time more than 80 families of which about fifty children who attended the school of Hingrie. The explosion of the population of this small small valley justified the construction on the site of old a Calvaire of a place of worship. There also existed in Hingrie 90 weaving looms. The first blows of pickaxe will be given by the company Michel Petitdemange of Rombach-the-Franc which is seen offering the market. The vault will be built according to the plans establish by an architect of Ribeauvillé, Mr. Daubenberger. The estimate of the vault is estimated at the time with 3000 marks. The construction of the vault of Hingrie it was not without reserve. With the beginning, the construction of the vault was to be a little higher close to a escarpé rock. But the idea was very quickly abandoned because of its exorbitant cost. The inhabitants of the German Rombach (old name of Rombach-the-Franc) found this construction useless and too expensive for finances of the commune. However the inhabitants of Hingrie never lowered the arms. Letters with the Messenger of the the Vosges punctuated by petitions near the mayor of Rombach-the-Franc were right of the skepticism of the local managers. In the years 1970 under the ministry for the abbot Garnier, the interior restoration of the vault revealed a splendid frame. In 2003, the interior of the vault is restored by the company Dontenville de Châtenois. Previously the commune had done work external of the vault. October 30th 1921 the vault of Hingrie is equipped with a new bell.

The Saint-Ludan house

The Congregation of the Sisters Maidservants of the Sacred Heart of Jesus founded in 1894 by Polish bishop Mgr Joseph Sebastien Pelczar, béatifié in 1991 by Jean-Paul II, becomes purchaser of an old farm located at Hingrie in 1962 belonging before to Georges Lotz. This farm was renovated by a building firm of Lièpvre exploited by Pierre Geneva. During the restoration of the house Holy Ludan, the few Polish nuns will be accommodated in a farm belonging to Xavier Legrand located at the locality of Volbach, belonging formerly to the parents of Felix Pauly. The congregation had opened quite front already a school of girls with Hipsheim (the Low-Rhine) to accommodate the girls resulting from Polish immigration after the First World War with the locality Saint Ludan. Transformed later into médico-teaching institute, this establishment will close its doors in 1997.

The name of the building is related to Saint Ludan, the son of a Scottish prince who came to die of cold to the foot of a tree with Hipsheim (the Low-Rhine) on February 12th 1202. A vault was built to him and its name is called upon for the cure of the legs and engelures. A walk with the torches between Nordhouse and the church Saint Ludan commemorates each year this birthday.

Transformed into lodging, the Saint-Ludan house of Hingrie was very appraisal by the tourists in search of calm, serenity and spirituality. The Polish nuns of Saint-Ludan were always appreciated by the population of Rombach-the-Franc and by the vicinity which will have still a long time the black memory of their silhouette to the white cornets walking on in the village and on the way of the vault of Hingrie. They were nothing any more but three nuns which left Hingrie in 2001 dictated by the need for reinforcing other communities in France in lack of manpower and following the crisis of the vocations. The building of Saint-Ludan to Hingrie had ten rooms, and a room had been arranged in vault for the meditation and the celebration of a weekly mass by the priest of Rombach-the-Franc. The nuns were often solicited by the local population to return visit to the people alone and sick or to bring their comfort. Their departure in August 2001 because a sharp agitation near the population so much their hospitality had become legendary.

The duke of Lorraine authorizes the creation of one mill in Hingrie

About the plan of the goods belonging to the chapter of the cathedral of Nancy, we know thanks to file that it held at the entry of Rombach-the-Franc a Minoterie with Blé and with bark. March 3rd 1569 an inhabitant of the place, Nicolas Shoe-maker, obtained from it the pleasure for a score of years with the help of 8 francs of Lorraine per annum. This mill was then destroyed by the wars of the 17th century. Later the ducal administration granted one named Nicolas Lotz, originating in Lièpvre to build on its own ground, at the edge of the brook of Rombach, on the road of Hingrie a Moulin of which it will obtain the use as perpetual hiring, in exchange of a yearly rental of 25 francs. In 1760, Joseph Lotz, wire of Nicolas, obtained the right to add to this mill a rammer to Chanvre and an oil mill notwithstanding an annual contribution of 10 francs Lorraine.

The troops of Louis XIV control the road which passes by the Valley of Lièpvre

As of the end of the year 1673, the army of Turenne had given an opinion around Lorraine and of the Three bishoprices. At the time the king Louis XIV was in war against the duke of Lorraine Charles IV. The Val of Lièpvre by where an important road passed which led of Lorraine in Germany was very attended by the troops of Louis XIV. This road was thus kept like Saint-Hippolyte by some companies of the French regiments of Crussol and Navarre. Of December 1st 1673 at April 30th 1674 each community of the Val of Lièpvre was to provide to prévôté of Saint-Dié of the rations of food without counting the residences which are requisitioned for the troops French of passage or stationed in the Val of Lièpvre.

This road underwent a perpetual to and from of carriages of ammunition, weapons and equipment which it was necessary to convey through the mountain, with great reinforcement of horses and oxen, as far as Germany or even until Ribeauvillé.

Each village of the Valley of Lièpvre was to contribute its share. It often happened that the cases of the Himbourgs is reduced to face the expenditure and one was to then resort to loans. But the worst was still to come. Louis XIV had to fight against a coalition to which had joined the Emperor of Germany, the king of Spain, and the Orange Prince and the duke of Lorraine. All Germany had adhered to it, except duke for Hanover and Bavaria. The duke of Lorraine, Charles IV was with the head of one of the armies of the united troops had the role of controlling the Rhine and the the Moselle. During more than three years, Turenne called by Louis XIV was to carry out the battle and to supervise the troops of the duke of Lorraine. April 13rd the troops of Turenne are in Saverne. The Lorraine troops had formed the intention going in the Palatinat towards the court superior of the Rhine, while being dissimulated behind the buttresses of the Black Forest and crossing the river around the forest cities, while passing by the Suisse, then to enter in Franche-Comté to penetrate in Lorraine and to reconquer its grounds. But the plan had failed and Turenne was started at once towards the High-Alsace. When the Duc of Lorraine emerged in the valley of the Rhine, Turenne camped already close to Basle by barring the passage to him. The duke of Lorraine dispossessed of his grounds and driven back by French did not resign himself to reconquer his grounds which were held to ransom by the enemy and from which a few miles hardly separated it and where the vast majority of the population remained to him faithful.

He sent several emissary for espionner the French troops. One day it is a chaplain saying himself to the service of Its Highness who goes to Holy-Marie-with-Mines until Wisembach to touch the ground and to make an evaluation of the French troops stationed in the sector. Another time it is a rider of the Colonel Of Puy which came in recognition in the valley. Whereas an important French garrison always camps in the valley of Lièpvre and lived grassement by plundering the villages, the colonel Of Puy in agreement with the duke of Lorraine tried a great hit. He splits his cavalry in several detachments and the command gives from there to its lieutenants Mercy, Laroche and Dayau.

A detachment of the cavalry of the colonel Of Puy passes by Hingrie

October 27th, 1674 the colonel Of Puy leaves Saint-Hippolyte and comes to camp with 1200 riders in the meadows which extend on two banks from the Liepvrette between Holy-Cross-with-Mines and Holy-Marie-with-Mines. Hardly arrived he learns that the quota of the arriere-ban of Anjou, charged with convoying flour had stopped between Lunéville and Blâmont. He could not take the road of Holy-Marie-with-Mines which was supervised by the French Army. He thus goes down again the valley making pretense turn over to Alsace and circumvents Lièpvre while engaging towards Rombach-the-Franc, then crosses Hingrie and from there goes until Urbeis and then Lubine. Another detachment on returns in the small valley of Large Rombach also crosses the hamlet of Hingrie and begins towards Lubine. Once the detachments joined together beyond the Vosges, the cavalry of the colonel Of Puy crosses Badonvilliers and arrives at Benamesvil on November 5th at 9 o'clock in the morning. The men of the count d' Anjou are made prisoners of which the marquis of Sablé. The Lorraine troops make to 700 prisoners, including servants. The spoils were approximately 400 horses, almost English, thirteen herd or silver mules and cases for a value of 40.000 books. This audacity of Charles IV in the middle same of the Vosges astounded the court of Louis XIV. But the duke of Lorraine was not delayed with the Valley of Lièpvre undoubtedly fearing that the French troops come in reinforcement. Shortly after the colonel Of Puy returned to Holy-Cross-with-Mines bringing with him his prisoners. The colonel Of Puy taken a few days of rest then enjoignit the Lorraine army. The inhabitants of the Valley of Lièpvre although bled by the wars successive, contributed largely to the maintenance of the table of the duke who camped with Saint-Hippolyte.

Some anabaptists settle in Hingrie

One finds already Anabaptistes in the valley of Lièpvre before even the war of the Swedes. At the beginning, they were far from numerous. Àprès war the Thirty Year old, anabaptists coming from Switzerland (mennonites) struck by the crisis economic and the Jacquerie in 1653 settle in Hingrie. Until 1730 they build farms in the most moved back parts of the small valley. They work for their own account, but rent also their service with fortunate middle-class men of Rombach-the-Franc or elsewhere in the valley with Lords who appreciate their competence in the agricultural domain. The lords de Ribeaupierre are particularly struck by their knowledge and their availability and appreciate the abundance of harvests which they produce. It is in the middle of the 17th century, after the thirty year old war, that Ribeaupierre tried to find farmers to emphasize the grounds devastated by the war. An about sixty anabaptists families expelled of the canton of Bern, will find refuge around the Vosgean mountains close to Holy-Marie-with-Mines. They will become their guard in the part of the valley which they control. The anabaptists will be able quietly to undertake their work without too much hostility near the local populations. The only ones to find these people cumbersome are the religious authorities who see a threat for their own interests there. They often complain near the political authorities to prohibit to them to make proselytism. The anabaptists are mainly farmers, members of the church anabaptist-mennonite, which is a community of Christians evangelists, resulting from the Reform and creates in 1525 with Zurich by former collaborators of the Swiss reformer Zwingli. They separated from him, because they were due to the independence of the church compared to the State. Some thus preferred given up their fatherland and their goods rather than to subject itself to values which they consider contrary with their faith. A great number of Anabaptists besides were persecuted or expelled. The majority of the Anabaptists who settled in the valley, of which Hingrie, came from the canton of Bern. Some were established with the Hang, close to the commune of Saales on the slope of the Climont, others were fixed in the departments of the the Vosges, the the Low-Rhine and the Haut-Rhin and in the Palatinat. There were thus Anabaptists established in 16 villages making parties of the diocese of Strasbourg and they trained 62 families at that time. A great part of them were fixed in the commune of Holy-Marie-with-Mines. The places of their assembled were often held with Baldenheim, Ohnenheim, Jebsheim and Holy-Marie-with-Mines.

At the beginning the Anabaptists were divided into two tendencies: Thomas Münzer and Jean de Leyde were the first leaders of this new religion who had taken part in the Guerre of the Bumpkins as of 1521 in Germany and in Holland before reaching the Val of Lièpvre in 1525. Thomas Münzer was made prisoner during one of these battles where its own troops were put in rout. It will be carried out a few days later. He preached disobedience openly if that even went against their religious principles inviting to take the weapons to defend oneself. The second tendency which draws its name is that of Menno Simons a catholic priest who preaches pacifism. This second tendency rejects the baptism of the children and affirms that no religious community that it which either cannot be prevailed of the true church. The baptism is granted only to the adult people and in all full knowledge of the facts. The disciples admit obeying the laws of the State, but must give up the records of modernity. The members of Mannon say Mennonistes. The anabaptist reject the rigid ideas of Calvin adopted by the majority of the reformers. They are peaceful people, occupied by their trade, hard, vigilant, moderated and charitable. They wear the beard and seek before all peace, preferably in a corner with regard to the majority of the inhabitants.

The anabaptists of Hingrie follow the doctrines of Mannon originating in Plank. After the death of Mennon the anabaptists divided. Jacob Amman (1645-1730) created a new Holy branch mennonite with Marie-with-Mines as of 1693 following theological divergences. The members who follow Jacob Amman are then called the Amish. It is followed by the very large majority of the anabaptists of Alsace and the Val of Lièpvre. These divergences had already appeared at the time of the held Parliament of Ohnenheim on February 4th 1660.

The anabaptists, in the parishes where they are, must pay to the catholic priests the rights of marriage, burial and other rights which regulate in general any catholic. They must also contribute to the expenses of the parish in the sectors where they are.

In 1712, Mr. of Houssaye, intendant of Alsace, accepted orders of Louis XIV king de France to make drive out province all the Anabaptistes. It sent a mail on September 9th 1712 to the baillifs to inform as soon as possible the Anabaptists and their family so that they leave Alsace. But this decision was imperfectly applied and one still finds hundreds of families of Anabaptists who reside in Alsace. The others take refuge in the principality of Montbeliard, which was then an independent Protestant enclave, while others choose to remain in the Valley of Lièpvre which was always Lorraine. Died from Louis XIV, certain refugees benefit from it to return to Alsace. During the Revolution the Anabaptists find their rights. Under the reign of Napoleon they lose all the privileges again. The Amish realize then that it is difficult for them to reconcile their lifestyle with that of the local populations. They massively leave the area to settle with the the United States and the Canada. Those which choose to remain in France must accept the conscription which is contrary with their basic principles. Then the trace of Jacob Amman is lost, but one finds many disciples in the United States in particular in Pennsylvania.

the installation of a glassmaking

The past " verrier" small valley of Hingrie is nothing any more from now on but a " souvenir" practically forgotten population of Rombach-the-Franc. The territory whose the glassmaking depended on Hingrie was a possession of the Duché of Lorraine until in 1766 which passed then under the control of the France. This place had been selected because of the presence of sandy sand and the firewood necessary to the manufacture of glass. It was necessary as to produce alkaline salt as one generally obtained by scrubbing of vegetable ashes. These ashes could come from grass and ferns rich in potash. It is in 1698 that the duke of Lorraine, Léopold, grants an exclusiveness in the production and sale on all the territory of the duchy of Lorraine to Mister de Pommeraye. It also grants the privilege to the sior Magnien the authorization to exploit a glassmaking with Tonnay (to 30 km of Nancy). Mister de Pommeraye signs a cooperation agreement with the descendants of the Ribeaupierre (the Count Chrétien II of Birkenfeld) for the production of glass which have several glassmakings with Ribeauvillé (Small Glassmaking, Grande Glassmaking and Schelmenkopf with the foot of the mountain of the Taennchel. It is in 1708 that the Count Jean Jacques de Ribeaupierre, maternal grandfather of the Count Palatine of Birkenfeld erects scaffolding a plan making it possible to exploit a glassmaking at the exit of the small valley of Hingrie, close to a locality called " High-Fountain " . It is accompanied in its project by Jean Baptiste Cingano who has already some shares in the glassmakings of Ribeauvillé. He claims to go down from the Italian nobility and has excellent relations with glassmakers of Glashutte with Rimbach, close to Soultz. The first furnace starts to produce glass starting from 1710.

One year later, one counts already 14 houses near the place and five years after one counts forty dwellings where the glassmakers are placed. With most extremely of the production of glass, one counted more than 1000 people working in Hingrie which then counts more inhabitants than the village of the German Rombach (old name of Rombach-the-Franc). The glassmakers of Hingrie did not have an account to return to the commune but only to the administration seigneuriale or ducal. Generally the glassmakings were installed close to a source of water and preferably at the bottom of a small valley or descends it from cut wood to the mountainsides is easier or in a center of a district which is allocated to them. At the beginning, the workmen who worked on the spot were not necessarily people of the trade, but of the farmers. Only the framing had necessary competences with the realization of glass. It was thus necessary to on the spot train farmers with the trade of glass. But the owners of the glassmaking also made come from the broken glassmakers to the trade. Some were originating in the Noire forest, the other Lorraine ones or Savoyards or of the Swiss ones. A small team of glassmakers also came from Ribeauvillé. It was in particular the case of the families Schneider, Entzmann, Hunzinger Joseph (Hinsinger) and of sound beautiful brother Joseph Säger.Ces the two last are the husbands of Elisabeth and Anne Barbe Engel, girls of Kaspar Engel and Anne Marie Griner. The first to occupy the places were the families Tourneur, Bournique, Jacquemin, Jacquot all of the Lorraine ones. The Bucher family also working in this glassmaking came from Bohemian and the Guiot family was originating in Argonne. There were also loggers who worked exclusively for the glassmaking. Their role consisted in delivering wood. All those which worked on the spot had the right of pasture. They theirs were however interdict to sell wood, to drive out, fish, draw. The unloading as well as the pasture were to be done upstream. This glassmaking thrived as much as wood will be the only energy source allowing the fusion of glass. Until the 19th century the glassmakers were constantly in the search of forests of beech to supply the furnaces.

The cohabitation between glassmakers of German and French language is however rather delicate at the point to cause frequent clashes. The latter reproach their German colleagues for insulting them and for not making efforts to include/understand them. They are inveighed, are chamaillent, complained and affirmed that their wives are treated of " Welches Cucumer". Another glassmaking, that of Portieux in the the Vosges, is abandoned in 1714. Certain glassmakers go then to Fraize and others in Hingrie. Towards 1723 a small portion of the glassmakers leave Hingrie to join the glassmaking of the Hang, close to Saales, lately created. This glassmaking is with the foot of the Climont (Weinberg) on a territory pertaining to Jean Henri Anthès (1670 - 1733) main of the forging mills originating in the Palatinat.

In 1764 a heavy blow is carried to the prosperity of the glassmaking of Hingrie by the foundation of two glassmakings, one with Baccarat (Meurthe-et-Moselle) and the other with Bitche (the Moselle). It is the king Louis XV which gave the authorization to the bishop of Metz, Louis Joseph of Montmorency-Laval (1761 - 1802) to found a glassmaking with Baccarat in Lorraine. In 1816 more than 3000 people work in this glassmaking. One witnesses massive layings off then. The recruiters use all kinds of stratagems to convince the glassmakers of Hingrie to join the new sites in their promising better remunerations. Consequently one witnesses a slow erosion of the glassmaking for lack of qualified workmen to the manufacture of glass. In 1766 with the fastening of Lorraine in France, the glassmaking of Hingrie receives the title of " Royale" glassmaking;. The glassmaking will gently périclitera until in 1793 where she is declared property national. The commune of Rombach-the-Franc obtains the 2/3 of the forest then. Gradually, with the appearance of the Coal, the glassmakings disappeared with the profit from those from the Lorraine slope and the the Vosges. With the disappearance of the glassmaking of Hingrie and benefitting from a laxism of the Official Authorities, the farmers of Hingrie and Rombach-the-Franc made enormous devastations in the forest while cutting wood according to their goodwill. Contentions were followed from there between the forest administration and the farmers. The inspector of National Forestry Commission then addressed a letter of warning to the mayor to warn them. The forest administration estimated that the descendants of the former glassmakers remained on the spot had for a long time ceased being the owners about it and that these people were late with the payment of the tenant farming.

At last century one could still see certain houses in Hingrie which comprised stoves which dated from the time of the glassmaking. The dwellings generally comprised a part where the stove was. In this one one found the part heating made up of each of the three sides by a cast iron line dispersing a pleasant heat maintained by heavy stone slabs which stored this heat. These stoves dated certainly from the years 1710 - 1740 and comprised biblical scenes, in particular the weddings of Cana, with verses in German language and a date. That confirms in any case that there existed in Hingrie of the glassmakers of German language who had brought with them to know to them to make as regards heating. This manner of heating the rooms was extremely widespread at the time on other side of the Rhine and this practice was preserved a long time by people of Hingrie.

Times of war

The Revolution

During the Revolution Hingrie, was a refuge for the refractory priests of the valley pursued by the revolutionists. Armed bands wearing the Phrygian cap and vêtus with clothes with stripes, fitted stuffed shoes of straw traversed the valley in direction of the collar of Hingrie where it had been announced to them that priests took refuge there. One of these priests often said the mass to the vault of the Drop located at 2 km of the Hollow-Oak, close to Hingrie. It even arrived that the priests met secretly in the surroundings of Hingrie to be distributed the tasks. They were often informed dangers by the faithful ones, which enabled them to escape the prosecutors. The informed Revolutionists of the complicity of part of the population did not hesitate to set fire to the suspect or emptied farms their occupants. Three priests hid in trimmings: the abbot Baker, Cleaned of Rombach-the-Franc and named since 1786, the abbot Seck de Fouchy and the Schaal abbot of Holy-Cross-with-Mines. The Seck abbot of Fouchy will be stopped besides a few months later and guillotine. The Boulanger abbot will manage to escape in Germany starting from November 17th 1792, making some times of the unexpected returns to Rombach-the-Franc to make sure of the honesty of the population At the 19th century Hingrie counts approximately 80 families.

The war of 1870

In 1871 the German customs install a station of monitoring to the collar of Hingrie. While waiting to find a housing in the hamlet even of Hingrie, the men are placed at the school of Hingrie where one yields one to them 4th room occupied before by the teacher.

The war 1914-1918

The August 3rd 1914, Germany declares the war in France. August 7th of the French troops penetrate in Alsace. A detachment of the 22e regiment of Infantry camps with the collar of Hingrie as of August. From October 1914 in May 1916 a detachment of the 37e regiment of Infantry gave an opinion in Hingrie. A third small detachment, pertaining to the 22e company of Infantry, stations with Schlingoutte. August 5th the municipal council of Rombach-the-Franc is amputee of several of his members due to requisition to the army. The commune proposes to release a credit of 200 marks to assist from the private families from the father following the mobilization. It must also pay the wages of the soldiers for the occupation of the borders on August 15th, 1914 whereas a detachment of the 22e company of Infantry of the French Army rests with the collar of Schlingoutte, it is surprised by a German patrol. The French must face a heavy fire. After the suspension of the shootings, one counts many deaths on the French side. Nineteen corpses are buried on the spot and the remainder of the skins is piled up on a carriage. Undoubtedly wanting to impress the local population, the carriage drawn by oxen crosses the village of Rombach-the-Franc, causing a great agitation among the inhabitants and accentuating still a little more the hostility of the German presence in this French-speaking valley. In front of such a hostile attitude, the suspicious Germans with regard to the population make supervise the village. A zeppelin with a nacelle will evolve/move above the Small bedroom to supervise to and from of the population, but also to locate the fugitive ones which try to pass on other side of the border, with Lubine in the the Vosges.

Names of the French soldiers killed in Hingrie or the collar of Schlingoutte (nonexhaustive list)

1) Alet Paul Georges Albert: Soldier of 2nd class of the 22e Regiment of Infantry killed in Hingrie on August 19th, 1914 - Number: 4055 - Deceased following its wounds - Born in Martal (Tarn) the 11/19/1890
2) Algeier Jean Valentine Joseph - Soldier of 2nd class of the 22e Regiment of Infantry killed to the collar of Schlingoutte the 8/15/1914 - Number 03196 - born the 7/31/1887 in Saint-Etienne
3) Bardet Louis: Soldier of 2nd class of the Regiment of Infantry killed by the enemy with the collar of Schlingoutte the 8/15/1914 - Born with Saint Christophe (To combine) the 9/22/1890 - Number: 1211
4) Baruel Andre Abel: Soldier of 2nd class - Number: 5346 - Died for France the 8/15/1814 with the collar of Schlingoutte - Buried with Rombach-the-Franc, then undoubtedly exhumed later - Born in Grenoble (Isere) the 7/29/1893
5) Chamardon Louis Etienne: Sergeant - Number: 06078 - Died for France the 8/18/1914 on the heights of Hingrie and the collar of Schlingoutte - Born the 6/9/1890
6) Grozier Jean Baptist: Corporal of the 22e regiment of Infantry - Number: 4120 _ Died for France the 8/15/1914 with the collar of Schlingoutte - Born with Saint Rock (Saône-et-Loire) the 2/5/1895
7) Deschamps Julien Fernand: Soldier of 2nd class of the Regiment of Infantry - Died for France 15.08/1914 with the collar of Schlingoutte - Born in Servoz (Haute-Savoie) the 11/9/1891 - N° Number 3964
8) Dumont Jean: Soldier of 2nd class of the regiment of Infantry - Number n° 03331 - Died for France the 8/15/1914 with the collar of Schlingoutte - Died following its wounds - Born in Saligni (To combine) the 7/15/1888
9) Exbraya Maurice Jean Louis: Soldier of 2nd class of 22 R. I. - Number: 4886 - Died for France with the collar of Schlingoutte the 8/15/1914 - Born in Lyon the 4/15/1892 in Saint-Etienne (the Loire)
10) Fleming Mary Antoni Francisque: Soldier of 2nd class of 22e R.I. - Number 03188 - Died for France the 8/15/1914 with the collar of Schlingoutte following its wounds - Born the 11/19/1889
11) Commercial François Joseph: soldier of 2nd class of the R.I. - Number 53131 - Died for France the 8/15/1914 close to the farm of the Collar of Schlingoutte - Born the 11/10/1893
12) Metz-native Joseph Antoine: soldier of 2nd class of 22 R. I. - Number 3577 - Died with the collar of Schlingoutte the 8/15/1914 - Born the 3/13/1888
13) Ogier Louis Rozan: Soldier of 2nd class of 22e R.I. - Number 5421 - Died with the collar of Schlingoutte the 8/15/1914 - Born the 11/13/1893 in Beausemblant (Isere)
14) Rabatel Pierre Henri: Soldier of 2nd class of the R.I. - Number 2687 - Died for France with Gelingoutte (Hingrie) of its wounds the 8/15/1914 - Born with Saint Andre the Gas (Isere) the 6/30/1887
15) Renault Alfred Louis: corporal of 22e R.I - Number 5420 - Died for France the 8/15/1914 with the collar of Schlingoutte - Born in Avignon (Vaucluse) the 3/18/1893
16) Vincent Joanny Marius: soldier of 2nd class - Number 5117 - Died for France with the collar of Schlingoutte the 8/15/1914 - Born in Lyon the 6/28/1893

During the First World War the engineers German helped by Russian prisoners did work to widen the way which carries out starting from " Varrière" at the bottom of the small valley of Hingrie towards the collar of Noirceux to continue until the round of applause of Fouchy. It was to make it possible to supply the face and particularly the Thatch of Read and was baptized by the inhabitants “the road of the Germans”. It was completed only in 1918 and its exploitation was thus only of little interest. On the other hand this way facilitated the access to the farms of the collar of Norceux and particularly the Hestin farm which served as “canteen” to the manufacturers and where one could be restored in the years which followed the Great War.

In 1922, the appendix of Hingrie is made up of 52 houses with a population of 224 inhabitants, including 45 schoolboys who attend the school of the place.

Evolution of the population in Hingrie

Although belonging to the commune of Rombach-the-Franc, the hamlet of Hingrie has at a given time of its history counted more inhabitants than the village itself. Between 1710 - 1745 a glassmaking functioned with full mode in the sector of High Fountain. Then the Verrerie slowly began with péricliter until worms 1810. Workmen come from the Black Forest, Ribeauvillé and Lorraine started to populate this Hameau. With most extremely of its activity, the glassmaking attracted until more than 1000 people working in this hamlet. Certain glassmakers lived the village even in a place called the " Fields of the huttes" , others had been established in the surrounding villages. After the disappearance of the glassmaking the number of the inhabitants strongly fell.

Some figures:

1870 = 642 inhabitants
1905 = 258 inhabitants
1910 = 298 inhabitants
1919 = 178 inhabitants
1922 = 224 inhabitants
1947 = 137 inhabitants
1956 = 45 inhabitants
1962 = 40 inhabitants
1965 = 35 inhabitants
1966 = 31 inhabitants
2006 = 13 inhabitants

Fauna

An exhaustive inventory of the animal species which one can see in Hingrie or would be long and tiresome to establish. We will thus provide that some data elements concerning the species, not only specific to the area but also to the close geographical sectors, which occupy an interesting place there. Their presence or their disappearance will allow us us interresser with their biotopes. The modification, even the destruction of certain biotopes caused progressive or brutal disappearance several animal species.

Mammals

The wolf

The files, even the newspaper cuttings of the beginning of the XXe century deliver invaluable indications to us on the presence of such or such animal. For example the bear disappeared from the Vosgean solid mass as of the Moyen-âge, put besides some isolated animals shot down tardily with the XVIIIe century. Another dreaded mammal of our Ancestors, the Wolf which survived longer in the forests of mountain. With the XVI and XVIIIe century the wolves were still rather numerous in the mountains of the area. The wolves showed themselves at the great day only following the Guerre S and of the Famine S. Dr. Faudel wrote in 1879 that for twenty years the wolf had practically disappeared in the surroundings from Colmar. Towards 1864 one still saw a wolf grinding until the interior of the town of Sainte Marie-with-Mines. At that time in the immediate surroundings of Hingrie one still saw some rare specimens. Between 1654 and 1773 the authorities paid premiums on the communal sums of money for each shot down wolf. With Rombach-the-Franc the premium rose with 2 francs in 1664 and 1712 then it passed to 4 francs. It was in the years 1664, 1694, 1697, 1743 and 1773 which one killed the most wolves in the Val of Lièpvre. It is to be noticed that several of them were abbatus during the beautiful season, which makes it possible to conclude that at that time, the sedentary carnivorous wolf was still present in our areas. To catch the wolves one generally dug a pit called " louvière" and one deposited carrion intended there to attract the animal. This one remained prisoner at the bottom of the excavation. During the rigorous winter of 1906-1907 of the wolves would have attacked and devoured dogs close to the farms of Froidefontaine (Fouchy), not very far from Hingrie. Then erratic individuals were announced until 1950 in the province.

The wildcat

Another mammal now extinct in the area, the Loutre which still attended the Rivière S a few decades ago. Driven out by the Fishing S, coveted by its fur and sensitive to pollution, the Loutre, disappeared definitively from the rivers of the region. Among the mammals currently present in the area it is two of the family of félidés whose scarcity has of equal only their discretion. The wildcat, not to confuse with the Cat haret, domestic cat turned over at the wild state, withdraws itself from the sight of the walkers because its manners are primarily night. The local press of the beginning of the century regularly announces the presence of this mammal. It is often shown to make large damage among the poultry and young game. Regarded of this fact as vermin by the Hunters, the Wildcat was " tiré" regularly. Since 1970, it is a protected space on the whole of its surface of distribution. There remains always present in the wooded mountainous solid masses, the Large one High (Rombach-the-Franc), the Chalmont, and the Taennchel and in the Valley of City. Reliable and recent observations made it possible to observe the presence of this small mammal in the neighborhoods of Hingrie, of Breitenbach, Triembach-with-Valley, the Château of Frankenbourg, the forest area of Neubois - Vancelle and the Hohwarth with the foot of Ungersberg.

The Lynx

The lynx probalement disappeared in the Vosgean solid mass with the XIXe century. It was the subject of a reintroduction campaign, which in its time raised a sharp polemic between naturalists and hunters. It is in 1983 and 1984 that the first individuals originating in the Czechoslovakia were released in the the average Vosges. The lynxes scattered thereafter in the whole of the solid mass, often paying a heavy tribute with the disease, the road and the Braconnage. One remembers in particular this female, mother of three small, abbattue with Rombach-the-Franc. With the passing of years, the félidés surviving ones and their descendants were constituted of the territories in the mountain. They currently extend on a surface ranging between 30.000 and 80.000 ha per animal, i.e. their density remains low extrêmment and that there exists little of chances to cross it. The naturalists estimate that the minimal surface of these territories should not be lower than 10.000 ha. The lynx was several times observed in the sectors of Rombach-the-Franc, of the Altenberg (sector of the Rocher of the Cuckoo, Chalmont, Vancelle) where there remained present from April 19th to 23rd 1994 to devour in a few days a roe-deer which he had succeeded in killing. During this period it sowed the disorder and insecurity besides among the deer tribe present in the surroundings. Today that the polemics seem alleviated and that the Média S are done more discrete, it appears that the lynx durably settled in the area with attested reproductions (Taennchel, Hingrie in the surroundings of the Collar of Fouchy). The heights of Rombach-the-Franc and Fouchy belong to the territories that he attends. Its discretion and the density still very low of its population is currently its best assets to escape the man, his only predator.

The chamois

Another mammal reintroduced in the the Vosges the Chamois since 1956 in the solid mass of the Markstein year when eleven individuals taken again with the Feldberg (Black Forest) were released. Manpower of the chamois quickly progressed: 1964: 50, 1972: 270; 1975: 710, 1977: 800 so much so that of the plans of Chasse were authorized starting from 1975. The species since colonized since the biotopes which are appropriate to him (rocks precipice and forests). They progressed quickly towards north to reach the White Lac and the Black Lac, then the high valley of Sainte Marie-with-Mines (Col of Bagenelles). One finds it today also in Hingrie and in trimmings of the Valley of City. In Hingrie one can especially see it on the sectors of Bestegoutte and the rock slopes of Sharp the Rock and Besse of the Slopes and with Naltérain. It is not rare to see them crossing the brook of Rombach in direction of the Hollow of Oak. A score of individuals now elected residence in the sectors of the Hingrie-Hollow of Oak, Chambrette and Collar of Fouchy. From time to time erratic individuals resulting from this population attend time with other trimmings of the Valley of City: several specimens were also observed in the solid mass of the Altenberg and the Champ of Fire.

Deer tribe

The Cervidé S constitute the most spectacular hosts of our Forêt S. any lord any honor, the Cerf is a regular host of the valley. Prestigious game, it had practically disappeared from the Vosgean forests about the middle of the XIXe century. Protected and consolidated by lâchers, the species is today quite present present in the the Vosges of North and the the High Vosges. The localization of the herds and the density of the population raise today more of loigique of management of a Cheptel that of an adaptation to the medium. Rombach-the-Franc is between two major poles of populations of stag: in north the Valley of City and solid mass of Andlau, the Howald, Field of fire, in the south the Chalmont, the area of the Taennchel, the Haut-Koenigsbourg, in the west the Holy area of Cross-with-Mines and Holy Marie-with-Mines. In the valley, the densities highest are recorded on the heights of the Collar of Small High on the heights of Rombach-the-Franc and Breitenbach (4 animals for 100 ha where they cause important damage of barking besides in particular on the spruce s.Ironie of the history this gasoline precisely had been chosen and privileged by the young seedlings were not grazed by the deer tribe! .

The roe-deer

The Chevreuil is largely represented in the valley and it is not rare to observe it in the Pâturage S or close to the sector of Hingrie or the village to Rombach-the-Franc. In the absence of predatory (Wolf, Lynx) hunting the only means constitutes of controlling the population of it. Approximately 400 to 500 are " tirés" each year, mainly in the forest communes of the valley and the higher valley like in the sector of Altenberg. The density of the stag varies from 6 to 10 animals for 100 ha.

The wild boar

Another driven out game, the Wild boar which as well attends the forests of mountain, the waste lands, culture and pastures. Its anarchistic proliferation is encouraged by the foddering of which it is the object on behalf of the hunters. Recipient of an abundant food which is added to its natural food (Gland, Faînes, Châtaigne S, Racine S, even Faon S of roe-deer) the female can conclude successfully two or three ranges per annum. In spite of the shot-firing patterns its density remains manifestly exaggerated, artificially maintained by certain tenants of hunting for which it represents an easy prey.

The Badger and the Fox

Among the hosts of wood, still let us raise the fox and the badger, somewhat returned in grace since the épizotie of the rage seems to be distant about it. Initially exterminated (gazage of Burrow S, poisonings) like principal vectors of the disease, these animals profit today from vaccination campaigns by oral way (soft foods impregnated) which appear effective. The Hare (not to be confused with wild rabbit), little driven out, can of this fact of reaching impressive sizes.

Birds

The three most prestigious birds that one meets in Hingrie are without consteste the plunger Cingle, the kingfisher and the ashy Héron, all three nicheurs in the valley. The fishing Cingle is recognizable with its white flap and its curious way of driving out. The bird after having carefully waterproofed its plumage, does not hesitate to plunge in cool water and agitated. It then goes up the current while going on surface some six to eight seconds later. It flies in general to the short-nap cloth of water while following the bed of the river. Tributary of the number of insects living in water, it is regarded as a good indicator of water quality. Become rather rare because of degradation of this medium, there remains however regularly observed in the Rivière S of Rombach and its more important affluents (Liepvrette). The Martin-pêcheur is undoubtedly most beautiful Oiseau of the rivers of the valley. Remarkable by its plumage with the chamarrés reflections, it chooses to nest an abrupt bank and coldly eroded. Movable ground, it digs a tunnel horozontal which can reach one meters length. One often observes it perched on a branch overhanging the river. With the sight of a prey, he springs at any speed, plunges and seizes his victim of his frightening nozzle. This splendid bird enjoys a hateful reputation near the fishermen. It is to forget a little quickly that if it takes well its tribute in nature, it is not for nothing in degradation the aquatic environment which prevents more and more the natural reproduction of fish. Eau X of good quality running out in the preserved medium (pollution, installation) would be likely to shelter a piscicultural population sufficient to answer the needs for these birds and the appetite of the Pêcheur S.

The ashy Héron

The ashy Héron was seen allotting a reputation quite as bad. The héron is quite present in the Vosgean valley, but it would not know being question of appearance and even less invasion. With the XIXe century the ashy héron, as of other predatory were the subject of extermination campaigns with premiums enticing with the key. That lasts until the First World War. Between the two wars, whereas the men bandage their wounds, the bird has some respite. Sporadic destruction intervene again after the Second world war and it is only in 1975 that the ashy héron profits from an integral protection on all the French territory. Its manpower having fallen to low (in 1977 with 35 couples in Alsace), it should be waited some time before beautiful the wader remakes a health. The ashy héron recolonise the mediums which remained to him most favorable, namely the regions of great slow wetland and pond, rivers. In the valley the ashy héron meets especially in Musloch (Lièpvre) and in Hingrie (Bestégoutte). The héron is not exclusively fish eater. It consumes other preys which pass to him under the nozzle, Insectes, small animals, rodents. The Campagnol accounts for 50% of its food.

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