Higher education in Ile-de-France

The higher education in Ile de France gathers a whole of Université S and Universities localized in the Paris and its suburbs.

Historical origins

Historically, the Université of Paris was created at the end of the 12th century, on January 15th 1200, on royal order of Philippe Auguste.

It was the first Université of France. It was then divided into four curricular areas:

the Medicine,
the Right,
the Theology,
and arts (one included the Science S in arts, who draw their etymology from the Liberal arts).

A great place was given to the study of the old texts.

The Université of Paris took part in the reputation of the city as a intellectual capital, and made it possible the town of Paris to be essential like capital of the Kingdom of France under Philippe Auguste.

The university of Paris was, with Bologna, Oxford, Salamanque, one of oldest of Occident.

At that time, one introduced into the Université S of Occident, under the impulse of Albert Large the, the bases of the science of the ancient Greece and the Civilization arabo-Moslem woman.

See Science of the Middle Ages and History of the university

Starting from the Renaissance, the lesson of the Scolastique, which formed the base of education in the higher colleges, started to enter declining, more in Paris that in the southernmost part of Europe, which was advanced in the process of rebirth. Under the Humanistic influence of the S, as from the years 1530, arts started to acquire more prestige than the other disciplines.

With the birth of modern science at the 17th century (Galileo, Descartes,…), the Scolastique was highly criticized for its lacks observation experimentation. One started to see appearing at the 18th century of the schools of engineers:

the National school of the Highways Departments, then Royal School of the Highways Departments.
the 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of the Mines of Paris.

With the French revolution, the general movement of the ideas resulting from the Lumières involved the creation of new schools by the national Convention:

the Polytechnic school (1794)
the National university (1794)

who were both localized in Paris.

Napoleon gave to the Polytechnic school its military Statut (which it lost then found). Indeed, contrary to an generally accepted idea, Napoleon did not create the Polytechnic school: he was simply a friend close to his founder, Gaspard Monge.

Napoleon created moreover a military academy in the place of the school of the genius of Wall, the school of Saint-Cyr military school (near to Paris).

In the current of the 19th century, the system of the Universities developed, carried by the Industrial revolution, and spread not only in the scientific universities (central schools, schools of the mines, the télécoms), but also in the commercial, and agronomic schools.

The Right and the Médecine remained under the bosom of the Université. The Théologie remained under the Responsabilité for the Church (Catholic Institut of Paris).

Schools and universities in Ile-de-France

(Some are in several categories)

Languages, letters and social sciences: National university (Ulm), National school of the charters, École practices high studies, École of the high studies in social sciences, INALCO, Paris I, Paris III, Paris IV, Paris VII, Paris VIII, Paris XIII, Université of Cergy-Pontoise
Sciences: national university (Ulm), national university of Cachan, Polytechnic school, Paris VI, Paris VII, Paris XI, University of Cergy-Pontoise.

Right: Paris I, Paris II, Paris X, University of Cergy-Pontoise…

Medicine: Paris Descartes, Pierre University and Marie Curie…

Economy: School of saving in Paris, Polytechnic school, University of Cergy-Pontoise.

Trade management, administration, MBA: HEC, ESSEC, ESCP, INSEAD, Sciences Po, National college of business of Paris, Paris-Dauphine, University of Cergy-Pontoise.

Schools of engineer: Polytechnic school, 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of advanced techniques (ENSTA), 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of Telecommunications, School of the Highways Departments, Central School of Paris, Supélec, University of the Mines of Paris, National school of arts and trades, University of industrial physics and chemistry of the town of Paris, Supméca, 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of chemistry of Paris, School of the engineers of the town of Paris, the 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of Arts and Trades, the 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of advanced techniques, the School of physics and chemistry of Paris, EPF - School of engineers, the University of electronics engineers and electrotechnical.

School of agronomy: the Agronomic National institute Paris-Oil cake…

specialized Schools: the National school veterinary surgeon of Houses-Alfort, the École Swell (craft industry of the piece of furniture), the Centrale school of Arts and Manufactures.

Random links: