Heydər Əliyev

The career of Heydər Əliyev under the Soviet era

Heydər Əliyev maintained the secrecy on the beginning its life, and the details are dubious. He claimed to be born in a working-class family of the autonomous Soviet socialist Republic of Nakhitchevan, but of other sources suggest that he was perhaps born in Arménie. Its birth date is also doubtful. He also stated to have studied at the University of State d' Azerbaïdjan with Bakou and to have obtained a diploma in history there. It would seem however that he rather followed the courses of the Academy of the Ministry for the Safety of State to Leningrad.

It joined the Azerbaijani section of the Committee for the Safety of State (the KGB) in 1944. It climbs of them the levels one by one until in becoming the vice-president in 1964, then the president in 1967. Two years later, in 1969, whereas Léonid Brejnev is first secretary of the Communist party of the Soviet Union, Heydər Əliyev are named at the post of first secretary of the Central committee of the Communist party of Azerbaïdjan. In 1976 he becomes member without right to vote of the Political office of the Central committee of the Party (or politburo). It occupies this station until December 1982 when Iouri Andropov promotes it with that of Deputy Prime Minister for the the USSR. Heydər Əliyev becomes at the same time the Moslem first full member of Politburo. It deals with the responsibility for transport and the social services.

Its dimension will drop starting from the nomination in 1985 of Mikhaïl Gorbatchev at the post of first secretary of the Party. Its political orientation is from now on a handicap per hour of the Perestroïka. Its disgrace becomes public when the Pravda, the newspaper of the Party, accused of corruption, qualifying it with the passage of “one of the large communist dinosaurs” . In October 1987, Gorbatchev gives a blow of brush on the old guard brejnévienne and pushes Heydər Əliyev to be resigned of Politburo and the direction of the Communist party of Azerbaïdjan, for “health reasons”.

The return to the capacity of Heydər Əliyev

Heydər Əliyev turns over in its native Nakhitchevan in 1990, while Ayaz Mütəllibov, more young person and in favor of the reforms, becomes first secretary of the Communist party of Azerbaïdjan. It is there that Əliyev will be reinvented. It redefines like a nationalist moderated and resigns of the Communist party in sign of protest against the brutal repression of the demonstrations of Bakou of January 1990 by the Soviet troops. It is made elect appointed shortly after with parlemant of Azerbaïdjan and, in 1991, it is elected president of the local assembly of the autonomous Republic of Nakhitchevan. In 1992, it founds its own party, the Parti New Azerbaïdjan (Yeni Azərbaycan Partiyası, YAP) , of which he becomes president.

Azerbaïdjan proclaims its independence the August 30th 1991, but she will be recognized like such by the International community only at the end of December. The period which immediately follows the declaration of independence will be very dark for Azerbaïdjan, which is inserted in a bloody conflict with the Arménie for the control of the enclave of the Haut-Karabagh pertaining to Azerbaïdjan, but populated Armenians. The nationalist president Əbülfəz Elçibəy, which quickly replaced Mütəllibov, turns in 1992 to Heydər Əliyev to support his weak and ineffective government. Əliyev is named vice-president of the Parliament of Azerbaïdjan.

In 1993, dark Azerbaïdjan in chaos and seems at the edge of the civil war because of the military disasters in the war against Arménie. Əbülfəz Elçibəy must flee the capital in June following an attempt at Coup d'etat. Heydər Əliyev exerts the interim of the Head of the State and, following a market concluded with the instigators from the putsch, he becomes president of the Parliament of Azerbaïdjan the June 15th. The assembly will elect it later president of the Republic by interim nine days. He is elected president of the Republic by the vote for all the October 3rd 1993 and takes his functions the 10.

Heydər Əliyev chair

During all the following decade, Heydər Əliyev will direct its country of an iron hand, encouraging the overseas investments and repressing any political dissidence.

Heydər Əliyev will be great successes by attracting the multinational companies to massively invest in oil industry . Azerbaïdjan has vast natural gas and oil reserves under the Caspian Sea, but they were strong evil exploited during the Soviet period. In 1997, president Əliyev signs a contract mirobolant avc oil consortium AIOC. It is also one of the promoters of the project discussed several billion dollars aiming at connecting Bakou to Ceyhan in Turkey by a pipeline forwarding by the Georgia, thus avoiding the Russia and the Iran, to the great displeasure of these two powers.

Heydər Əliyev also tests, but without success, to solve the conflict of the Haut-Karabagh by a military action in December 1993. The assessment of this one is considered at 30.000 died and the displacement of 750.000 Azeris. This conflict remains irresolute still today, the Armenians always control Haut-Karabagh and the territories around and of the hundreds of thousands of refugees still wait in Azerbaïdjan.

President Əliyev is the subject of an attempted murder in 1995, in reprisals with his attempts to clean the country of the Turkish influence of the Maffia of the casinos. The police force forever captured the assassins, among whom Abdullah Çatlı would be.

End of reign and succession

The health of Heydər Əliyev starts with détoriorer in 1999, year it must undergo a coronary bridging with the the United States. It undergoes then an operation with the Prostate, then is operated of a Hernie. In April 2003, it disappears at the time when it makes a speech on line on television. Əliyev goes back to the United States the August 6th to make treat a renal Cardiac failure and problems. It finally gives up being represented with the presidential election of October but it names his own son, İlham Əliyev, at the station of Prime Minister (which, consequently, would take over temporarily the duties of the presidential function in the event of death) and the adoube like candidate with the presidency of the Republic.

İlham Əliyev gains the election of the October 15th 2003, vis-a-vis İsa Qəmbər. The death of Heydər Əliyev, less than two months later, the December 12th, mark the one era end in the Azerbaijani policy.

External bonds

Sobaka file: article polemizes on Heydər Əliyev (in English)

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