Hetmanat

the Ukrainian State () or Hetmanat () is a brief gouvernment of Ukraine, installed with the support of the Ukrainian Cossacks and of military organizations after the rout of the central Rada Ukrainian national République the April 28th 1918.

History

Split central showing its incapacity to maintain the order and in front of the chaos in which the Ukraine in spring 1918 is plunged, the government loses soon the confidence of the landowners and the economic circles. In April 1918, those organize a coup d'etat and name the preserving general Pavlo Skoropadski (ordering first Russian body “to be ukrainisé”, then chief of the free cossacks) as Hetman of what takes the name of Ukrainian State or Ukrainska Derzhava . The occupants German Austro-Hungarians and , wanting before all stability, approve the coup d'etat. Skoropadski cooperates with them, which makes it unpopular among the Ukrainian peasants. The new State preserves the armorial bearings of the Ukraine - the tryzub - and the colors national, but shift the drawing of the flag with light blue on yellow. The Sich fusiliers, who oppose the coup d'etat, are dissolved and replaced by the " hoods bleues" (an Ukrainian division baptized according to their blue uniform and made of prisoners of war in Germany and Austria).

The decision of Hetman to requisition stocks of food and to return the grounds to the land great landowners causes an internal opposition. The opponents with the mode of Skoropadski make cases of arson and acts of Sabotage and, in July 1918, assassinate the Feld-maréchal Hermann von Eichhorn, the commander of the German troops in Ukraine. The anti-Skoropadsky coalition manages to force it to reform the Bodies of the fusiliers Sich in August 1918. At that time, it becomes obvious that the powers of Central Europe lost the war and that Skoropadski will not be able to hold a long time without their support. It turns then to the Russian elements preserving of the company to obtain their support and proposes to constitute a federation with the White Russia of Dénikine, which contributed to erode its position near the Ukrainians.

After the armistice of November 1918, they form a known rival government under the name of “Directory”, whose forces accommodate the Sich fusiliers; " Hoods grises" also join the revolt. Although the German and Austrian troops are always present in Ukraine, they do not may find it beneficial any to mingle with this war. The majority of the forces of Skoropadski join themselves the Directory, and it must turn to the thousands of officers Russian white which are escaped in Ukraine in order to join the army of the volunteers of Dénikine, which is based in the area of the Don towards the east. They are gathered in a “special body” white Russian officers; Dénikine is laid out to let them fight for Skoropadski because it weakens the Ukrainian nationalists, but they cannot resist the troops of the Directory. Those seize Kiev in December 1918, reversing the mode of Skoropadski, which is constrained with the exile.

After Skoropadsky was driven out by the risen forces, Hetmanat is replaced by the Directoire.

External bonds

“Ukrainian history: already considering? ”, article published in Ukrayinska Pravda ( Ukrainian Truth ) on October 11th, 2005, comparing Skoropadski and Iouchtchenko.

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