Hernia

Presentation

At the Man, the most frequent hernias are the hernias of the Abdomen through the various natural channels or the weak points of the wall. They appear in the form of palpable tumefactions. Their repercussion is the gene functional calculus related on their volume, or the imprisonment of the body.

The slipped discs, protrusion of the intervertebral disc through the intervertebral ligament, give signs rather related to the compression of a nervous root or Spinal-cord, by the volume of the hernia, in the Medullary canal.

This exit is done through a weakened zone of the wall of the cavity containing the body or to borrow a natural channel. It can be related to a congenital malformation or follow a particular strain.

For the abdominal hernias, one differentiates a hernia, which develops starting from a natural opening, of a eventration which develops on a surgical scar and a evisceration which corresponds to the exit of the Intestin S outside (wounds of war, post-surgical early)

Supporting factors

The hernias Congénitale S are related to parietal weaknesses present dice the birth: the type is the hernia inguinale by persistence of the péritonéo-vaginal Canal, the diaphragmatic hernia through a congenital opening of the Diaphragme, etc…

Other hernias can be acquired and appear during the life. Supporting factors are common to the various types of hernia:

mainly of the great physical efforts and trades of force, which involve important pressures on the walls of the organization
a premature wear of the muscles of the body.

One often finds an association of hernias of the abdominal wall and slipped discs, in the trades of the building, transport, and health, where the personnel is brought to handle heavy loads in a repeated way. This led to always seeking other still asymptomatic hernias, when the patient consults.

Treatment

It will consist in treating palpable tumefaction, by reinstating the body in its cavity, and reinforcing the wall of the cavity. It will also treat compression in the slipped discs.

Currently, the majority of the techniques of repair of the abdominal hernias in the adult use a prosthesis of parietal reinforcement.

History

The hernias are treated surgically for a very long time. It was one of the three operations authorized with the Moyen-âge by the Église with the barbers surgeons.

At the 16th century, the surgeon Ambroise Paré had invented an instrument made up of a razor blade slipping into a stem of elder tree in order to " to raise the hernies" (named aggressivenesses at the time, because of the etymology of the word)

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