Hentai

see also: Etymology of Hentai

See also: Bossuet

Jacques-Benign Bossuet (Dijon, September 27th 1627 - Paris, April 12th 1704) is a man of the church, preacher and writer French.

Biography

Originating in a family of magistrates, it was initially placed to the Jesuits of Dijon, who exempted a traditional education to him (training of the Greek and Latin). It came at 15 years to complete its studies in Paris, with the college of Navarre, where it had as a Master Nicolas Cornet: it studied there in-depth philosophy and theology. However intended for priesthood, he attended for some time the society men: Corneille did not displease to him, he devoted himself to the writing of invaluable worms and did not disparage the Hôtel of Rambouillet. Scheduled sub-deacon with Langres in 1648, it broke with the century and wrote a Méditation on the Brevity of the Life , which carries the traces of its future works. The same year, it exposed the main thing of its ideas on the role of Providence, in its Méditation on the happiness of the saints . Regarded as one of the largest speakers than France ever knew. In 1652, received Doctor of Divinity, it is ordered priest: he becomes the archdeacon of Sarrebourg in same time, then, in 1654, that of Metz.

Sermons

Often called in Paris, it started to be made there a great reputation for its sermons and its Panégyrique S of the saints. He preached an Advent and a Lent in front of the queen-mother and the king, and operated among the Protesting S a great number of conversions, between which one quotes those of Turenne and of his/her niece Miss de Duras, of Dangeau. It is to help it to achieve these conversions that it wrote its Exposition of the doctrines of the Church . Bossuet is subject to several influences: those of the Jesuit Claude de Lingendes, the Saint-Cyran Jansenists and Singlin, and that more remarkable of Vincent saint of Paul. This last held, in Saint-Lazare, of the conferences on the preaching, to which Bossuet assists. Its eloquence is marked, and is done nearer and simpler by it.

The majority of its impromptu speeches are lost. A few hours before going up in pulpit, he contemplated his text, threw on paper some words, some passages of the Fathers, to guide his walk; sometimes it dictated longer pieces quickly, then was delivered to the inspiration moment, and the impression which it produced on its listeners. He reached us only two approximately hundreds out of the five or six hundred pronounced sermons, because Bossuet did not regard them as worthy literary works to be printed. It is at the end of the 18th century that certain sermons were preserved, thanks to the work of Dom Deforis. However, they are actually only drafts, weighed down by the erasures and the alternatives, and which offer to us only one approximate idea of its preaching.

Bishop of Condom

The September 21st 1670, Charles-Maurice Tellier become archbishop of Rheims, devotes, with the approval of the Pape, Jacques Bénigne Bossuet like bishop of Condom (Gers), in the church of Cordeliers to Pontoise; but the following year it gives up this station and becomes the tutor of the Dolphin Louis de France, wire of Louis XIV.

Funeral orations

This same year and the following ones, he pronounced his Funeral orations in which he makes feel with width and musical quality nothing of the greatnesses of man. He pronounced the funeral oration of Henriette de France, queen of England then nine months later that of his daughter, Madam, Henriette Anne of England of which the funeral oration " … Madam dies, Madam died… " is most famous and of Marie-Therese of Austria. The funeral orations are only twelve; in fact masterpieces of eloquence are without model since the Antiquité. Bossuet does not make use there of the language of the other men; it does his, it does it such as it is necessary it for him for the manner of thinking and of feeling which is with him: expressions, turnings, movements, construction, harmony, all belongs to him.

Tutor of the Dolphin

He becomes tutor of the dolphin Louis de France, the son of the king Louis XIV and Marie-Therese. In 1681, it writes its Discours on the universal history in which, after having presented a fast summary of the events, it seeks of it the reason in the intentions of God on his Church. One was astonished, said Voltaire, of this majestic force with which it described manners, the government, the increase and the fall of the great empires, and of these fast features of an energetic truth, of which it paints and judges the nations. For the Dolphin, he wrote also the Traité knowledge of God and oneself , in which he follows in general the doctrines of Rene Descartes, and as deep philosopher shows itself as writer.

Elected official member of the French Academy

Bishop of Meaux

In 1681, when the education of the dolphin was completed, it was named bishop of Meaux (from where this periphrasis, " the Eagle of Meaux") and delivered themselves consequently to the care of the episcopate, made frequent preachings, wrote celebrates it Catéchisme of Meaux (1687) and composed for nuns of its diocese the Méditations on the Gospel and the Elévations on the Mysteries .

With this episcopal activity he united a work of Théologien: the controversy against the Protestantism. It published in particular the Histoire of the variations of the Protestant churches (1688). The minister protesting Jurieu having answered this work, Bossuet publishes the Avertissements with the Protestants on the letters of the Jurieu minister against the History of the variations . In the fifth of these Warnings , he denies the thesis of the explicit or implicit contract between the prince and his subjects, which Jurieu supported, and formulates the famous sentence: “To condemn this state slavery, it would be not only to condemn the law of nations, where the constraint is allowed, as it appears by all the laws; but would be to condemn the Holy Spirit, which orders to the slaves, by the mouth of Paul saint, to remain in their state, and does not oblige their Masters to free them”, sentence that Flaubert will make appear in his Sottisier .

The preacher

Bossuet played a great part of preacher and director of the assembly of the clergy of France.

In the assembly of the clergy of 1682, at the time of the contentions between the king and the pope, he was the author of the declaration on freedoms of the Église gallicane in 1682, which fixed the limits of the capacity of the Pape, and wrote the Four articles of 1682 which are remained a law of the state and which gave place to sharp discussions; the pope was very irritated by it and made them burn.

The fight against the quietism

It was by there in fight with Fénelon, which leant towards the Quiétisme: it continued its adversary at the same time near the king, who disgraced and exiled the bishop of Cambrai, and near the pope, who condemned the Maximes of the Saints where it supported the doctrines of the love of god for itself, without any mixture of this fear that the theologists call servile. One reproaches him for having carried too much sourness in this business.

Bossuet died of the disease of the stone to Paris, the April 12th 1704.

Quotations

(references of the quotations to come soon with the page where appears the quoted sentence)

Publications

Exposure of the doctrines of the Church .
Speech on the universal History (1681) Text on line:
History of the variations of the Protestant Churches (1688)
Defense of the Tradition and the saints Fathers (1693)
Maxims and reflections on the comedy (1694)
the Policy drawn from the Scriptures (posthumous) (1709)
Treated knowledge of God and oneself (posthumous) (1741)
Sermons (posthumous) (1772)
Funeral oration of Henriette-Marie de France

Random links:

Changy (the Loire) | The Celts | Shooting Fish | Opimia basilica | Observatory of Arcetri | Hentai