Henri II of Austria
Henri II of Austria known as Jasomirgott (* 1107, † January 13rd 1177) was Count Palatine the Rhine (1140 - 1141), duke of Bavaria (1143 - 1156) and margrave (1141 - 1156) then duke of Austria (1156 - 1177) of the Maison of Babenberg.
Biography
In 1140, the son of the Margrave Léopold III becomes Count Palatine of the Rhine for ensuire to succeed his/her brother suddenly dead Léopold IV as a duke of Bavaria and margrave d' Autriche in 1141 respectively 1143. It resides in the old capital of the Bavaria, with Ratisbon.
Of May 1st 1142 with 1143, Henri II is married with Gertrude, only daughter of the emperor Lothaire de Supplinbourg.
In 1147 it takes part in the Second crusade as a duke of Bavaria which finishes in catastrophe the October 26th 1147 in minor Asia. Few Chevalier S succeeds in fleeing, among them Henri II as well as the young person Frederic de Souabe, future king and German emperor. On his way of return, Henri II marries Théodora Comnène, Byzantine princess and niece of the Byzantine emperor Manuel I {{er}}.
At the time of the conflict between Welfs and Hohenstaufen, Conrad III removes the duchy of Bavaria to Henri X in 1138 and offers it to the Babenbergs. The new emperor Frederic I {{er}} tries to find a consensus with Welfs and fact of Henri XII, wire of Henri X, his Vassal while returning Bavaria in to him 1156. It is however necessary to compensate for the loss of Babenbergs. By the means of the Privilegium washout , Austria becomes a Duché independent of Bavaria.
Contrary to his/her father who resided at Klosterneuburg, Henri II fact of Vienna its new capital in 1145. It is only by this act that Vienna can take the top on the other cities like Krems, Melk and Klosterneuburg and to impose itself like final capital of the country. The construction of the cathedral Saint-Etienne finishes in 1147, a visible sign of the new importance of the city. The small Romance church of the time located outside the enclosure of the city is devoted the June 8th 1147. In 1155, Henri II founds the Schottenstift, place where it will be buried later. The church owes its name to the monks Irish who had dealt with construction, and whom one had confused with the Écossais. A monument dedicated to Henri II is still nowadays outside the church.
The two marriages of Henri II at that time show the importance of the Maison of Babenberg. His/her brother, Othon de Freising, is bishop of Freising and writes important chronic.
The nickname Jasomirgott is added at the 13th century in the form Jochsamergott , one is unaware of the exact direction. A theory evokes the possibility of a transformation of an Arab word of origin by attaching the nickname to the participation in the Second crusade into 1147. A popular legend sees in the nickname the formula Ja so mir Gott helfe ( That God helps me ).
End November 1176, Henri II is the victim of an accident close to Melk when a bridge is crushed. He dies of the continuations of his wounds the January 13rd of the following year in Vienna. According to its desire, it is buried with the Schottenstift. However, its required Tombeau at the 17th century could not be found.
Sources
- Eberhard Holz and Wolfgang Huschner (to dir.), Deutsche Fürsten of Mittelalters , Leipzig Edition, Leipzig, 1995
See too
Related articles
- Dukes of Bavaria
- Margraves and dukes of Austria
- Count Palatines of the Rhine
Internet sites
-
Henri II in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biography
- Henri II in the lexicon of the Niederösterreichisches Landesmuseum
- Genealogy of Henri II
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