Heliograph of Campbell-Stokes
The heliograph of Campbell-Stokes is the first Héliographe, baptized according to the name of its inventor, John Francis Campbell in 1853, and of that which modified it later, George Stokes in 1879. It is about an instrument used in Météorologie to measure the Ensoleillement of a place.
It primarily consists of a sphere of crystal. Although the characteristics Optique S of the sphere are not as good as those of a lens, it nevertheless provides of them the functions with the advantage of not having privileged orientation. This lens sufficiently extremely concentrates the rays of the Sun to burn the Papier which is positioned on the concave support placed behind the sphere. This paper is printed of a temporal scale. It is possible at the end of the day to measure in units of time the burned part of paper, thus determining the duration of the sunning. The axis of the sphere is tilted Latitude place, and the apparatus is directed towards the Southern.
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