Hazebrouck ( Hazebroek in Dutch, litt. marsh of hare) is a common French, located in the department of the Northern (59) and the area Nord-Pas-de-Calais.

Its inhabitants is the Hazebrouckois .

Situation

  • Hazebrouck is located in French Flanders, in the Houtland, the country with wood, 40 km of Dunkirk, 43 km of Lille, 56 km of Arras, 62 km of Calais and near the Belgian border (16 km surroundings). It is a calm and mainly residential city.
  • the tourist who master key can discover in the vicinity the small town of Cassel, the Flemish countryside and the forest of Nieppe, or the town of Surface-on-the-Lily, true architectural jewel according to the historians of Article
  • mounts of Flandres: The Mount Cassel (alt. 176 m) and the Mount of the Recollet S, the Mount of Cats (alt. 164 m) and the Black Mount (alt. 150 m) located in France represent a tourist asset. The Mount Kemmel, and the Red Mount as for them, are located in Belgian Flanders Occidentale .
  • the particular churches and houses will be built a long time thanks to red clay (bricks) and with the ferruginous sandstones present in the local ground.

Communications

Hazebrouck has many daily connections with Paris and Lille by the rail inter alia by TGV Northern European who stops in Hazebrouck. The international airport of businesses of Merville - Calonne is only to 12 km. The accesses to the highway networks towards Dunkirk, Lille, Arras, Paris, Calais, Brussels… are direct.

Demography

Graph of evolution of the population 1794-1999

Administration

the current municipal council of Hazebrouck

Hazebrouck was Chef-lieu of district then of district until in 1813 (transfer of the Chef-lieu to Cassel) then of 1814 with 1815 (new transfer to Cassel) and finally of 1815 with 1926 (transfer to Dunkirk following the decree Poincaré).

History

Hazebrouck was a village of the Comté of Flanders. Like many towns of Flanders, Hazebrouck had to undergo the insults of the wars between the Netherlands and France and to the XXe century of the two world wars.

Origin

It is habit to report that monks, at the dawn of the Christian era, under the reign of Dagobert Ier, cleared the surroundings and drained a marshy forest. It is at that time that Saint Eloi would have come évangéliser the region. The breeding and the culture could thus develop.

Flanders of the Counts 862-1384 '''

of Beaudouin Arm wrestling (862-879) with Louis de Male (1346-1384)

In 1122 , the count of Flanders, Charles the Good gives the name of City to Hasbruc . One finds a first mention written of Hasbroec in 1141 by the archbishop of Rheims, Monseigneur Samson who confirms in the chapter Cassel, the possession of grounds, located in Hasbroec. In Flemish haze means: hare, and broek : marsh. It was at that time a large village living of hunting and fishing which depended on the châtellenie of Cassel and which was burned by Philippe de Valois in 1347. At that time " Ghilden ", Corporation S of craftsmen: bakers, brewer S, Shoe-maker S, Tisserand S, clothiers… will make known prosperity at the city.

The Gantois ransacked the city in 1436.

Flanders in the Burgundian Netherlands (1384-1555)

  • the French of Charles VIII burned the city in 1492 (August 24th).
  • 1512 : Construction of the arrow of the church Saint-Éloi ( Turris Splendida ) by Loocke Sanderus.

Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands (1555-1678)

  • In 1565 the -66 channel of Hazebrouck is dug and the Port of Hazebrouck is established. At the same time, the city Has a great not paved place, in the center of which existed a pit surrounded by a hedge. The dwellings in cob and with the roofs of straw have only one ground floor.
  • In 1582, the city is destroyed. The first town hall of Hazebrouck is built in 1589. Of 1602 with 1635 Westhoek lives in peace.
  • In 1610, Augustins open a College in the buildings of the old convent. The convent of Augustins is built in 1616. However the city knows low registers epidemic S like the Peste in 1637, 1638 and 1646.

French Flanders since 1678

The village counts 3725 inhabitants in 1701, shortly after its annexation with the Royaume of France under Louis XIV by the Traité of Nimègue in 1678. This treaty earlier ratifies in particular the consequences of the Bataille of Peene delivered one year to Noordpeene.
  • the February 25th 1685 , the magistrate of Hazebrouck prohibits the roofs in straw in order to avoid the fires.
  • the March 2nd 1697 , the Count of Flêtre, large baillif of Cassel renews the law (6 aldermen) of Hazebrouck.
  • In 1723 , the February 14th, to celebrate the end of the plague, the Saint-Éloi tower blazes up under the bonfires.
  • 1756 Raised of the chart of Cassini asked by Louis XV Chart of Hazebrouck in [[1756]]
  • the Flanders under the Revolution
  • the February 16th 1790 , the National Assembly decides that Hazebrouck will be the seat of the court of district.
  • the March 9th 1792, the popular company organizes a banquet in the honor of Primat, bishop constitutional who returns visist in Hazebrouck.
  • 1793 : Battle of Hondschoote
  • the February 14th 1794 , the general advice of the city obliges the inhabitants to carry the tricolor rosette. The same year, three trees are planted on the place: a oak, a poplar and an apple tree.
  • the January 23rd 1799 , the Rackelboom citizen, plowman with Morbecque buys with the biddings, the church of Augustins for 82.000 books.
  • February 11th 1801 : The old town hall east in flames. The clerk, Mr. Theeten managed to flee by a window. Mr Drapier, architect presents the estimate of rebuilding of the town hall for 128.997 francs, the January 2nd 1806. Construction begins the May 6th.
  • the November 22nd 1813 , some 3000 conscripts gathered with Hazebrouck revolt against the Empire of Napoleon 1°.
  • the February 17th 1814 , Hazebrouck is invaded by the Cosaques of the Baron de Geismar. This occupation will last 4 years.
  • 1838 : A pediment and a clock are added to the Town hall.
  • 1848 : It is the railroad Lille - Dunkirk which gave a certain impulse to local industries of weaving and spinning mill as of September 1848. The March 9th 1848, after long dialogs, the public Minister for Labor fixed the site of the station of Hazebrouck but it was only in one saw the creation of the station and the line Calais - Hazebrouck. It is besides at the station that the February 25th 1879 , Hazebrouckois tried to see the empress of Austria " Sissi " on the way for London. The appearance of the railroad made regress the language of the inhabitants towards the French. Indeed, the Flemish was the language used in the hazebrouckoises families until the beginning of the XXe century. At the end of the XIXe century more half of the children of the Hazebrouckoises families spoke only the Flemish . Today, totality speaks only French.
  • the April 8th 1848 , the Velge citizens and Hanicot celebrate the revolution while raising on the lathe of the Saint-Éloi church the Tricolor.
  • 1849 : The Baron of the Barn is elected in Hazebrouck.
  • the March 24th 1850 nuns of the congregation of the " Girls of the charité" deal with the care of the old men of the old people's home.
  • the July 16th 1880 , the lightning falls on the bell-tower of the Saint-Éloi Church. The Vandelbuicke architect recommends his destruction.
  • At the beginning of the XXe century, the city counted 4 weavings which employed more than 1000 people and the channel of Hazebrouck continued its activity but 1903 with 1909, the appearance of weaving looms automatic involved strikes and the intervention of the army in order to restore the order.
  • 1882 : Opening of the markets, the September 18th.
  • 1894 : Construction of the law courts.
  • the March 24th 1912 , the Spangling canon, general vicar proceeds to the blessing of the church of the Sacred Heart and the Saint-Jules school.

  • the First World War

The city was bombarded hard by the Germans in 1917 and 1918. Most of the city was destroyed. The city served primarily basic back for the English and Australian soldiers. |photographs of Australian soldiers in 1917

  • the Second world war

  • In May 1940, Of the British observers hidden in the Saint-Éloi tower attracted the fire of a German battery located at Morbecque. The bell-tower will be seriously touched and the arrow will crumble at the time of a storm in December of the same year.

  • During all the war, but more particularly after the June 22nd 1941, British and American aviation destroyed part of the city because the pilots aimed at the station and his rail junction but often missed their target.
  • the April 15th 1945, Raoul Dautry, Ministre for the rebuilding returns visit to Mr Plateel, mayor to present to him the plan of rebuilding of the city.
  • Of 1971 with 1983, under the impulse of a young socialist municipality (PS) opened with the ideas of development and solidarity (Mayor: Amand Moriss, Assistant: Jean-Pierre Allossery, Raymond Dendiével in particular), Hazebrouck obtains a whole of public equipment which constitutes still today the framework of the major equipment of the city: creation of the library muncipale and the socioeducational center (become center Andre Malraux); launching of the " project; Hazebrouck Ouverte" City; ; development of social housing in all the districts and sensitizing with the inheritance and the quality of the framework of life in interior Flanders. In the middle of the years 1970, association " Menschen Lyk Wyder" will be in the middle of the reflection on quality of life with Hazebrouck and in interior Flanders. It will precede the step of the country of the " heart of Flandres" beginning of the year 2000. Hazebrouck at that time passes the bar of the 20.000 inhabitants.
  • In 1980, under the impulse of Georges Degroote, association APREC is formed in order to rebuild the arrow of Saint-Éloi. The work undertaken in 1993 will finish in 1995.

Folklore

It is in 1928 that the friends of the philanthropic company " Tisje Tasje " (legendary Flemish hawker, 1765 - 1842) wanted to obtain a giant, Roland Van Hazebroeck. This character would have taken part in the 4th crusade which arrived besides never at Jerusalem.
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