Hawthorn

The hawthorn ( Crataegus ) is a kind of Arbre S or Arbuste S thorny of the northern hemisphere pertaining to the family of the Rosacées.

The hawthorn is sometimes called " Cenellier" and his fruits of the Cenelle S. it is also called " hawthorn "

Classification

The number of species belonging to the kind is difficult to determine taking into account the facility with laquelles the various species of hawthorns Hybride NT between them by generating varieties Polyploïde S reproducing by Apomixie. Classification thus depends on various taxonomic interpretations and thus varies from 200 to 1200 Espèce S without counting the decorative Cultivar S.

Sections

Category

Section or Nothosection
Series or Nothosérie
Species (Variety)

Crataegus

Mexicanae
Mexicanae
Crataegus mexicana DC.
Henryanae
scabrifolia
Parvifoliae
uniflora Muenchh.
Crataegus
Crataegus
caucasica
laevigata (Poir.) DC.
macrocarpa Hegetschw.
media Bechst.
monogyna Jacq.
rhipidophylla Gand.
songarica
subsphaericea Gand.
Apiifoliae
marshallii Egglest.
Pentagynae
pentagyna Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.
Azaroli ( Eastern + Tanacetifoliae )
azarolus L.
heldreichii
orientalis Pall. ex Mr. Bieb.
Pinnatifidae
pinnatifida Bunge
Tanacetifoliae ( Azaroli - Eastern )
Crataegynae ( Crataegus X Pentagynae )
will zangezura
Orientaegus ( Crataegus X Azaroli )
Crataegifoliae ( Crataegus X Tanacetifoliae )
Orientagynae ( Azaroli X Pentagynae )
pseudoazarolus
Tanacetitales ( Tanacetifoliae X Azaroli )
Sanguineae
Nigrae
chlorosarca Maxim.
kansuensis E.H. Wilson
nigra Waldst. & Kit.
Sanguineae
sanguinea Pall.
Hupehensis
Hupehenses
hupehensis
shensiensis
Cuneatae
Cuneatae
cuneata Siebold & Zucc.
Cordatae
Cordatae
phaenopyrum (L.F.) Medik.
Verdant
Verdant
nitida (Engelm.) Sarg.
Microcarpae
Microcarpae
spathulata Michx.
Lacrimatae
Lacrimatae
lacrimata Small
Aestivales
Aestivales
aestivalis (Walt.) Torr. & A.Gray
Brevispinae
Brevispinae
Douglasianae
Douglasii
douglasii Lindl.
suksdorfii (Sarg.) Kruschke
Vintages-galli
Vintages-galli
Crataegus vintages-galli L. - Hawthorn pin of Cock
persimilis Sarg.
Punctatae
collina
punctata Jacq.
Coccineae
Triflorae
triflora Chapman
Bracteatae
Soft
weakened Scheele
submollis Sarg.
Coccineae
holmesiana Ashe
pedicellata Sarg.
Tenuifoliae
macrosperma Ashe
schuettei Ashe
Rotundifoliae
chrysocarpa Ashe
dodgei Ashe
Intricatae
boyntonii
sargentii Beadle
Pulcherrimae
pulcherrima Ashe
Brainerdianae
scabrida Sarg.
sylvestris
Macracanthae
calpodendron
macracantha
Silvicolae
compacted Sarg.
iracunda Beadle
Suborbiculatae
suborbiculata Sarg.
Pruinosae
dissona Sarg.
pruinosa (Wendl. F.) K. Koch
Dilatatae
coccinioides Ashe

Etymology

The word Crataegus comes from the Latin crataegos transcribes Greek krataegos or kratos meaning force (allusion to the hardness of wood).

European species

In France, the species generally met are Crataegus calycina, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna .

Crataegus laevigata is earlier and has sheets with 3 lobes less cut out than Crataegus monogyna . These two species are hybrident however spontaneously. Crataegus calycina and Crataegus monogyna has flowers with only one style and fruits with only one core which resemble small apples.

    • Crataegus altaica

    • Crataegus ambigua
    • Crataegus azarolus (Azarolier)
    • Crataegus calycina
    • Crataegus vintages-galli
    • Crataegus heldreichii
    • Crataegus intricata
    • Crataegus karadaghensis
    • Crataegus laciniata
    • Crataegus laevigata (thorny hawthorn)
    • Crataegus macrocarpa
    • Crataegus microphylla
    • Crataegus weakened
    • Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn monogyne, or hawthorn or hawthorn with a style)
    • Crataegus will nigra
    • Crataegus pallasii
    • Crataegus pentagyna
    • Crataegus pycnoloba
    • Crataegus sanguinea
    • Crataegus schraderana
    • Crataegus sphaenophylla

Other species

  • Crateagus aestivalis (Walter) Sargent (of the North Carolina to the Florida)
  • Crateagus altaica Lange Central Asia
  • Crateagus apiifolia (Marsch.) Mischx.
  • Crateagus arnoldiana Sarg.
  • Crateagus astrosanguinea A. Pojak.
  • Crateagus azarolus
  • Crateagus brachycantha

Medicinal properties

The flowers are used like Tonicardiaque, Hypotenseur, Antispasmodique and Sédatif.

related Articles : Hawthorn (officinal shutter)

Symbolic system and esotericism

Since the Antiquity, the hawthorn symbolizes the Innocence and the virginal purity. It is said that it is very related to the practices of Sorcellerie of the month of May.

In the Nevers-native, one fixes in the night of the April 30th, a branch of this one at the entry of the stable S and cattle shed S, in order to prevent the Araignée S known as Sorcières from penetrating there.

The branch of well épointée hawthorn would be sovereign against the Vampire S when it would transpierce the Cœur to them.

It is said that the Foudre never reaches it.

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