Harvest (agriculture)
In Agriculture, the harvest is the Récolte of Plante S with Graine S, mainly the Céréale S. the term gets busy preferentially for cereals with straw (corn, barley, oats, rye); for corn one speaks rather about harvest.
By extension, the term also gets busy for certain industrial crops, in particular the oilseeds whose harvest is done using the same machines. It indicates also the period during which the harvest is done, and the product of this harvest.
The harvest was done a long time in a manual way, using false or of Faucille, and it is still the case in certain less advanced areas. The manual harvest consisted in making sheaves which were piled up out of grinding stones, in waiting of the following operation, the Battage, consisting in separating the grain from the straw. These operations were rather painful and expensive in Labor, forcing the peasants to gather to have the means necessary to carry it out in assigned times.
The first stage of mechanization intervened with the invention of the Moissonneuse, invented with the the United States by Cyrus McCormick in 1831, which ensured the cut of the stems thanks to a mechanical Barre of cut. Then towards the end the XIXe century the Moissonneuse-lieuse, machine tractor drawn originally by horses came which made it possible to cut the stems and to bind them in sheaves. The mechanization of beating was done thanks to the use of Batteuse S functioning at fixed telephone. Then the reaping-machines threshing-machines appeared combining the two operations carried out simultaneously at once.
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