Hard Plan

Prompt help > Technical of prompt help > Splint/Raising > Plane hard ----

In First aid, a hard plane is a device used in Prompt-help, being used as intermediary of raising like with immobilizing the spinal column. It is a board in plastic Bois or with metal reinforcement (washable and invisible with the X-rays), or possibly in Aluminum, slightly larger than an adult human body and in general provided with handles. One also speaks about dorsal board ( long spine board ), about board “Olivier” or “Berbier-Kind”. The majority are provided with handles facilitating handling.

The hard plan can also be slipped under the back of a person in cardiorespiratory Arrêt, to facilitate the operations of cardiopulmonary Réanimation, for example on a soft support, or electrically to isolate the victim from the ground during the use of a semi-automatic Défibrillateur.

Description

In the European Union, the hard plan is described in the Norme INTO 1865 of December 1999 “Specifications of the stretchers and equipment of ambulance for the transport of the patients”.

This standard speaks about “equipment making it possible to raise and immobilize a patient reached of wound to the spinal column”. The board must make between 1,83 and 1,98 m length, 40 with 50 cm broad, must weigh less 8 kg and capacity to support a load of 150 kg. It must have at least three handles on each large side, like two to the head and two with the feet. It must be washable, impermeable (water, oil, oil), radiotransparente, be not easily flammable and tolerate temperatures ranging between -30 and +70 °C. It must be provided with three straps of maintenance to fast opening.

Intermediary of raising

The board is a to portoir light, solid and fascinating little place, which allows its use in narrow and broken places. As it is not very thick, it is enough to only raise the victim of a few centimetres, contrary to a traditional stretcher, which limits the dangerous movement at the time of the raising. On the other hand, if one places thereafter the victim in a Matelas immobilisator at depression (MID), it should be withdrawn the board so that the immobilization is effective: that requires resoulever the victim (principle of the improved bridge), it is thus necessary to evaluate the advantages and the disadvantages:

raising directly with a stretcher and a MID: only one handling but lifting of approximately 50 cm;
raising with a board: two handling but lifting of a few cm only each time.

In addition, the board makes it possible to make slip the victim above, it of this fact is used almost systematically for the extraction of a vehicle.

The board makes it possible to make an emergency raising of the type of those which are practiced in North America (one never makes an emergency raising in France).

Immobilization of the spinal column

One can make use of the hard plan as average of immobilization of the Rachis (Attelle): the victim is conditioned with a cervical Collier, side holds prevent the rotation movement of the head, and the victim is strapped with has board on the level of the face, the chin, the shoulders, the knees and the feet (if possible, according to the traumatisms).

The unit is then posed on the stretcher for the transport, or used directly with the handles, even for an abseil (alternate with the Piguillem stretcher).

The major disadvantage of the hard plan as an immobilization is the lack of comfort for the victim, the hardness of the device which can potentially worsen certain traumatism, and the girthing which is problematic if a member is fractured. The people obèsent can also pose problem. On the other hand, it is a light, robust and compact disposifit, and allows a time-saver and of handling if it is used for the raising and the immobilization. It is an alternative to the Matelas immobilisator with depression of which it is complementary.

External bonds

System laying-up total, Dr. Eric Torres, Urgence Practices n°63 (2004), on the site Swissrescue.ch
has photographic guide to prehospital spinal care (file pdf, 235p, 9 Mo)

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