Haram

For the Norwegian Kommune, to see Haram.

The word harām (Arab: rear RTL حَرَام, illegal; illicit; prohibited; inviolable; crowned) two directions in Arabic have and in the Muslim world. On a side it means prohibited: the consumption of the pig and alcohol are prohibited ( harām ). Other it means crowned: the territory around the two Holy Cities of Mecque and Médine is crowned (Arab: rear RTL البَلَدالحرام Al-ḥarām, the territory crowned) thus prohibited with nonthe Moslems. The mosque of Mecque is called the “Crowned Mosque” (rear RTL مَسجِدالحرام Al-ḥarām), the Kaaba is the “crowned House” (Arab: rear RTL بَيْتالحرام Al-ḥarām).

  • In Arab, the term harām is the opposite of Halāl .

  • the word Harem (rear RTL حريم) comes from the same Arab root: the wife is crowned and prohibited with very other that her husband, the harem is a prohibited place or remain the wives.
  • In a Mosque, the room of prayer is indicated under the name haram .

Prohibited general

The Coran states a certain number of prohibited whose principal ones are gathered in these two verses:

Say: “Come, I will recite what your Lord prohibited to you: do not associate anything to Him; and be beneficial towards your father and mother. Do not kill your children due to poverty. We nourish you just like them. Openly do not approach turpitudes, or in hiding-place. Kill only in all justice the life that Allah made crowned. Here is what Allah recommended to you to do; perhaps you will include/understand.

And you approach the goods of the orphan only in good manners, until it reached his majority. And give right measurement and the good weight, in all justice. We impose on a heart only according to its capacity. And when you speak, be equitable even if it is about a close relative. And fill your engagement towards Allah. Here what It you enjoint. Perhaps you will remember. ” .

Coran recalls that `Issa (Jesus) had raised the food interdicts, but Islam will preserve some of them:

And I confirm what there is in the Torah revealed before me, and I return to you sell by auction part of what was prohibited. And I brought certainly a sign of your Lord. Thus fear God, and obey me.
God is my Lord and your Lord. Thus adore it: here is the right way.

The interdict of alcohol

The word alcohol, (Arab: rear RTL كحول, alcohol) has a direction enough amusing, it comes from the same root (rear RTL كحل, to have the encircled eyes, to have badly slept) that one finds in the black make-up with eyelids containing Antimoine (RTL rear كحل, kohl; black make-up with eyelids), because both give encircled eyes, the tired glance.

Like the Honey, the Milk and the Oil, the Vin is with the crossing of two types of industries: a natural industry, which make grow the Raisin until its gathering, and a human industry, which transforms it to make this drink enivrante of it. The fruits of the Vigne and the Palmier are allowed, but the wine that one car is prohibited.

Of the fruits of the palm trees and the vines, you withdraw a drink enivrante and an excellent food. There is really there a sign for people who reason.

To the beginning of preaching the Coran is limited to tell the Moslems not to arrive drunk at the prayer. But the wine comprises even a certain utility.

They question you on the wine and the games of chance. Say: “In both there are a great sin and some advantages for people; but in both, the sin is larger than the utility”. And they question you: “That does one have to spend (in charity)? ” Say: “The surplus of your good. ”

A little later, the consumption of wine (and more generally of drink fermented) is prohibited only because of the consequences of intoxication, the consequences of intoxication disappear with the paradise and the consumption of the wine is allowed there.

O believers! Do not approach Salat whereas you are drunk, until you include/understand what you known as, and also when you are in a state of impurity - unless you are not on a journey - until you took a ritual bath. If you are sick or travels from there, or if one of you returns from the place where it made its needs, or if you touched with women and you do not find water, then resort to a pure ground, and pass you-in on your faces and your hands. God, in truth is Indulgent and Pardonneur.

Later still, this verse is repealed and prohibition spreads and hardens. The following verse is a verse abrogeant the precedent; one should not drink drink fermented because of the consequences on the behavior of the drinker.

O believers! The wine, the game of chance, the drawn up stones, the arrows of divination are only one abomination, works of the Devil. Draw aside you in, so that you succeed.

These three verses belong to Sourate S known as médinoises that the tradition respectively places 87e, 92e and 112e in the order of the revelation.

In Persia Islamized, the wine had remained (and the remainder, but in a semi-official way) of use, it is enough to read the poets like Khayyâm (1048 - 1123) or Hafez (1320 - 1389), or Rûmi (1207 - 1273).

For the soufis, intoxication is a means of arriving to the extase, supreme knowledge, it allows a rise in the heart spiritual knowledge.

Thus, the wine is the guide of the ceremonies soufies which find in him all emotion and rise, the starting artifices, requirements for the emergence of the extase. The metaphors which associate the wine with the mystical extase, even with the love of god, are numerous.

See too

  • For the food interdicts, to see Halal.
  • Makrouh, undesirable acts.

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