Hammer and sickle
Hammer and sickle (серпимолот, serp I molot , in Russian) is a graphic Symbole used to represent the Communisme. It depicts the hammer Prolétariat Ouvrier and the Faucille of the Paysan S; their junction symbolizes the union between the agricultural and industrial workers.
Although the symbol is usually used to describe Communism, some will say that he contradicts the ideas of Karl Marx according to which the revolution can come only from the proletariat. However, Karl Marx was the instigator of the theory according to which the revolution would come only from one alliance between proletarians and peasants, though promoted by the first group. The addition of the farming community is in the beginning a variation of Lénine.
It is present on the Drapeau of the USSR, on all the flags of the old republics of the Union of the Soviet socialist republics like the Soviet federative socialist République of Russia, the Soviet socialist République of Ukraine, the Soviet socialist République of Ouzbékistan, etc and on various supports related to Communism (charts of members of the party, postal stamps Soviet, etc).
Use
The symbol was in the beginning a hammer crossing a Charrue, carrying the same direction. Hammer and sickle, although used since 1917-1918, became an official symbol only in 1922; before that, the plow and the hammer were used by the Red Army .Hammer and sickle were one of the symbols of RSFS of Russia since 1917. It was adopted on the flag of the Soviet Union in 1923, was instituted in the constitution in 1924 and placed on the flags of the republics of the Soviet Union after this date. Previously, those were generally completely red, with the name of the republic written in gilded letters.
The Communist parties affiliated with the Comintern and the Cominform (i.e. in the Soviet Union), as those which turned to the Popular republic of China, tended to be used hammer and sickle in their symbolic system. However, even of the Communist parties opposed in these two States used it, possibly with some modifications stylistics.
Variations
Various symbols present variations stylistics on hammer and sickle. The flag of the Angola represents a cross wheel toothed with a machete. The symbol of the Parti working Korean uses a hammer, a sickle, and a brush.In France, the logo of the French Communist party is represented by hammer and sickle but in the opposite direction of the the USSR. It has several times changed of graphics. It is still today the internal logo of PCF, present on the chart of adhesion.
Unicode
There exists a character repésentant Unicode hammer and sickle. It is located in the interval 2600-26FF various symbols and corresponds to code U+262D. On supporting navigators Internet the unicode, the symbol should be posted: ☭. Its repesentation is simplifée compared to the symbols used by the traditional political parties and it is rather uniform according to the font faces used. There is no rupture between the handle and the blade of the sickle. And the hammer does not have a breakdown in practice whereas in fact the case on the reference document of unicode.org and the symbol which was reproduced on the flag of the the USSR or that is reproduced on that of the Chinese Communist party.
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