Hamdanides

The Hamdanides (rear RTL حمدانيون) is a dynasty of Arab emirs having reigned in Syria and on the north of the Iraq of 905 with 1004.

History

This dynasty was rested by former officers Abbassides into 905, they belonged to the tribe of the Taghlib. Of tendency Shiite, they were invested by the caliph Al-Muktafi. They are attached to their Hamdân ancestor who in 868 had fought in the Djézireh the troops of the caliph Al-Moutaid.

The dynasty is divided into two, one is established around Alep and the other around Mosul. The emirate of Mosul extends on Mosul and the districts from left bank from the Tigre. They also tried to establish their capacity in Azerbaïdjan and Arménie starting from 935.

The most famous member of this dynasty is Abu Al-Hayja which were appointed governor of Mosul into 905 and governor of Baghdad in 914. In 929, it takes part in a revolt carried out by a Eunuque, Mu' nis which wanted to reverse the caliph Al-Muqtadir to replace it by his/her brother Al-Qahir. It is while trying to protect Qahir, that Hayja finds death.

His/her son, Al-Hassan spent seven years, of 929 with 936 to sit his authority on Djézireh which have like Mosul capital. To obtain the title of Nâsir Al-Dawla " Defender of État" , it makes assassinate the large emir Ibn Ra' iq. His/her young brother, Ali obtains as for him the title of Sayf el-Dawla " Saber of État". But being shown tyrannical, it is deposited by a member of its family. The life of the emirate of Mosul is rather precarious, Hamdanides being in conflict with the Bouyides which had gone Masters of Baghdad and who forced to them to pay a tribute. But Hamdanides are also threatened by the Byzantine which attack Mésopotamie in 974. They also fought against the Uqaylides and the Marwanides.

An emir Hamdanide directed the Abbasid Empire but during one year only, it was évincé by one of its officers, Tuzun. The emirate of Mosul does not survive dead of its chief, Abu Taghlib.

As for the emirate of Alep, it covers Syria of north, and its border as well as the town of Diyarbakir. Theoretically, this emirate is dependant on that of Mosul, but it is in the facts independent.

In 1002, Hamdanides are demolished by the Byzantines who take Antioche then Alep. In 1004, they are deposited by the Fatimides.

The two emirates accommodated many poets and philosophers, like Al-Mutanabbi and Abu Firas.

The dynasty

Hamdân Ben Hamdûn (ḥamdān Ben ḥamdūn rear At-taḡlibyī RTL حمدانبنحمدونالتغلبي) éponyme military chief of the dynasty (868 - 874)
Al-Husayn Ben Hamdân (Al-ḥusayn Ben rear ḥamdān RTL الحسينبنحمدان) born in 895, (916 - 918)

Hamdanides of Mosul

Abû Al-Hayjâ' `Abd Allah Ben Hamdân (abū Al-hayjaʾʿabd allah Ben rear ḥamdān RTL أبوالهيجاءعبداللهبنحمدان) governor of Mosul and governor of the Djézireh and governor of Diyarbakir (905 - 923), then emir de Mossoul and emir Djézireh and emir de Diyarbakir (923 - 929).
Nâsir AD-Dawla Al-Hassan (abū muḥammad “to nāṣir aḏ-ḏawla” Al-ḥasan Ben abī Al-hayjāʾʿabd rear allah RTL أبومحمد " ناصرالدولة" الحسنبنأبيالهيجاعبدالله) emir de Mossoul (929 - 969).
`Adhud AD-Dawla Abû Taghlib (abū taḡlib Al-ḡaḍanfar “ʿaḍud aḏ-ḏawla” faḍl allah rear Ben Al-ḥasan RTL أبوتغلبالغضنفر " عضدالدولة" فضلاللهبنالحسن) emir de Mossoul (969 - 979).
Ibrâhîm Al-Husayn (abū to ṭāhir ibrāhīm rear Ben Al-ḥasan RTL أبوطاهرإبراهيمبنالحسن) emir de Mossoul (981 - 991).
Husayn Ben Al-Hassan (abū ʿabd allah ḥusayn rear Ben Al-ḥasan RTL أبوعبداللهالحسينبنالحسن)

Hamdanide d' Alep

Sayf Al-Dawla “Ali I {{er}} (abū Al-ḥasan “sayf aḏ-ḏawla” ʿalī Ben abī Al-hayjāʾʿabd rear allah RTL ابوالحسن " سيفالدولة" عليبنأبيالهيجاعبدالله) emir of Alep (944 - 967).
Its `D AD-Dawla Charîf Ier (abū Al-maʿālī saʿd aḏ-ḏawla šarīf Ben abī Al-ḥasan rear ʿalī RTL أبوالمعالي " سعدالدولة" شريفبنأبيالحسنعلي) emir d' Alep (967 - 991).
Its `îd AD-Dawla Its `îd (abū Al-faḍāʾīl “saʿīd aḏ-ḏawla” saʿīd Ben rear abī Al-maʿālī RTL أبوالفضائل " سعيدالدولة" سعيدبنأبيالمعالي) emir d' Alep (991 - 1002).
`Ali II (abū Al-ḥasan ʿalī Ben abī Al-faḍāʾīl rear saʿīd RTL أبوالحسنعليبنأبيالفضائلسعيد) emir d' Alep (1102 - 1004).
Charîf II (abū Al-maʿālī šarīf Ben abī Al-faḍāʾīl rear saʿīd RTL أبوالمعاليشريفبنأبيالفضائلسعيد) emir d' Alep (1004 - 1004).

Banû Lû' lû'

Lû' lû' (rear lūʾlūʾ RTL لؤلؤ) “
Mansûr Ben Lû' Lu” (abū naṣr “mutaḍā aḏ-ḏawla” manṣūr Ben rear lūʾlūʾ RTL أبونصر " مرتضىالدولة" منصوربنلؤلؤ)

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