Hakham

Hakham (Hebrew חכם litt. " sage" , plur. hakhamim ) is usually a word or a title designating a large scholar of the Torah. He comprises a connotation of sapience, sagacity and reputation.

In the rabbinical Judaism

The term hakham was hardly used in the rabbinical Judaïsme (with the difference of that of Talmid hakham ), except for the countries Musulman S where, Al-Rab being in Arab one of the 99 names of Allah, the title of Rav could have been interpreted like an offense, and where lawsuits for blasphemies, as well as the massacres which they could involve were extremely dreaded. This is why the Chief rabbi of the Ottoman Empire was called the Hakham Baši .

In the karaïsme

In the Karaïsme, the spiritual leaders are called hakham to distinguish them from their ic counterparts Rabbin (with the direction " non-Karaïte"), called rav . Theology karaïte being based on the use of the individual reason to determine the applications of the laws of the Hebraic Bible for oneself, the role of a hakham is more that of a " consultant" that of a rabbinical leader, as it is the case in the orthodoxe Judaïsme.

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