Habsbourg-Lorraine

Only branch currently remaining of the House of Lorraine, those which one calls the Habsbourg-Lorraine result from the marriage of the duke François III of Lorraine (1708 - 1765) and of Marie-Therese de Habsbourg (1717 - 1780), queen of Hungary and Bohemia and sovereign archduchess of Austria. The members of this branch, inheriting the patrimonial possessions and the vocation to the empire of Habsbourg, took again the name of it. On the other hand they never reigned on the Lorraine.

This branch reigned on the Toscane (of 1737 to 1860), on the Austria - Hungary - Bohemia (of 1780 to 1918), on the duchy of Modena (of 1814 to 1859), on the duchy of Parma (of 1814 to 1847) and on the Mexico (of 1864 to 1867).

Several members of this branch were emperors (elected) of the Romans : François I {{er}} (of 1745 to 1765), Joseph II (of 1765 to 1790), Léopold II (of 1790 to 1792) and François II (of 1792 to 1806).

In 1806, the upheaval of the Germanic States by Bonaparte signed the disappearance of the Roman Holy roman Empire. However, in preparation for the loss of his title of emperor of the Romans, François II declared itself hereditary emperor of Austria in 1804, just after Bonaparte had declared emperor of the French .

Nostalgic of glory passed, ex-François II used a developed official title:

“Us, François the first, by the grace of God, emperor of Austria; king of Jerusalem, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatie, Croatia, Slavonia, Galicie, and Lodomirie; archduke of Austria; duke of Lorraine, Salzburg, Würzburg, Franconie, Styrie, Carinthie, and Carniole; large-duke of Cracow; prince of Transylvania; margrave of Moravie; duke of Sandomir, Masovie, Lublin, high and low Silesia, Auschwitz and Zator, Teschen, and the Friuli; prince of Berchtesgaden and Mergentheim; prince-count de Habsbourg, Gorizie, and Gradisce and of the the Tyrol; and margrave of high and low the Lusace and of Istrie”. Its title of use remained nevertheless that of “emperor of Austria”.

In 1867 an effective autonomy was granted Hungary inside the empire of Austria under the terms of the “compromise” Ausgleich ( to see Austria-Hungary ). The title of the Head of State became then “emperor of Austria and king de Hongrie”, although one also speaks about “emperor of Austria-Hungary”.

In 1918, Charles Ier, last sovereign renonça with the exercise of the capacity, without however abdicating. It was constrained with the exile in 1919. The members of the House of Habsbourg-Lorraine who refused to lend oath to the new Austrian republic were also constrained with the exile and their goods were confiscated. The Loi of exile always applies to the descendants of the Emperor Charles under the same conditions. The Rodolphe archduke brought a lawsuit against the Austrian State which it gained with the reason that the law could not apply to him, born in exile. This law had been repealed by the chancellor Dollfuss in 1936. It was given into force by the Austrian Socialists in 1945, whereas all the family members of Habsbourg-Lorraine had been engaged in the rows of resistance in the fight against the Nazism and that the role of the Zita empress near president Roosevelt so that Austria is not treated as Germany at the time of the victory was important. Othon of Austria, chief of House, European deputy, for its part signed the act of recognition of the Austrian republic. It is known there like Dr. Othon of Habsbourg-Lorraine, the Austrian Republic not recognizing officially the titles of nobility.

The current chief of Habsbourg-Lorraine as of all the Maison of Lorraine should be the duke of Hohenberg (born in 1929). However the combined effects of the Pragmatic Sanction (1713) and the renunciation by the archduke François-Ferdinand for his hériters of their membership dynastes of the House of Habsbourg-Lorraine, pursuant to the statute of its House, excludes the family members Hohenberg from straight to the titles and honors of the House of Austria. It cannot be qualified of duke of Lorraine, pertaining to the only chief of House. It is carried by the archduke Othon of Austria (born in 1912), oldest son of the last emperor of Austria, Charles I {{er}}. The duke and princes Hohenberg are a morganatic branch of the house of Hasbourg-Lorraine, just like the count de Méran resulting from the marriage moganatic of the archduke Jean, brother of the emperor François II with the girl of a postmaster.

Some sovereigns resulting from the branch of Habsbourg-Lorraine

Emperors of the Roman

  • François III of Lorraine 1729 - 1737 becomes François Ier of the Holy roman Empire of 1745 with 1765.
  • 1765 - 1790: Joseph II, also king de Hongrie and of Bohemia and sovereign archduke of Austria (starting from 1780.
  • 1790 - 1792: Léopold II, also king de Hongrie and of Bohemia and sovereign archduke of Austria, before large-duke of Tuscany.
  • 1792 - 1806: François II, also king de Hongrie and of Bohemia and sovereign archduke of Austria (until in 1804), then emperor of Austria.

Emperors of Austria, kings de Hongrie and of Bohemia

Emperor of the Mexico

Large-dukes of Tuscan

Sovereign dukes of Modena, connects known as of Austria-Este

Sovereign duchess of Parma

Random links:Otis Redding | Pontifical infallibility | Regression (psychoanalysis) | Party for freedom (Netherlands) | Automobile Grand Prix of Monaco 2000 | 336_AVANT_JÉSUS_CHRIST