Haïdouk

A haïdouk , also spelled haïduk in France, was a highwayman operating mainly in Hungary and in the Balkans under the Othoman occupation .

The haïdouk S are with these countries what Robin-of-Wood is in Great Britain, or Thierry-the-Sling in France. More than of simple brigands, they left the memory of rebels, generous for the poor of the vicinity, in many countries fixed with the Othoman sultans. Their name diverges very little from one language to another: hajdúk in Hungary, haiduc in Romania, hajduk in Croatia, hadjduk in Bosnia, хајдук/hajduk in Serbia, hajduk in Albania, ајдук (ayduk) in Macedonia, хайдут (haydut) in Bulgaria… And for the other foreign countries in Balkans, this term was also re-used: thus one speaks about aiducco in Italy, haydut in Turkey, and hayadut in Arménie. In Greece one calls them κλεφτες (klephtes): " voleurs" , but with the same connotation of " generous rebels for the poor of the voisinage".

The origin of the term is not clearly defined, it would seem that it is of Hungarian origin and appointed a Hungarian patriotic infantryman fighting against the Othoman Turks, the great majority of these infantrymen was the Serb ones who had migrated and colonized the south of Hungary and which was used as guard border.

Haidouks Serb

In Serbia, Haidouks are not that gangsters in the large heart, they are independent war leaders, regular generals with the service of highest offerer: Austria, Venice, Hungary, since they fight Turkish. There were whole armies made up of Haïdouks combatant the Turkish forces, preceding a little the Partizans on which much the Austria counted, Venice, then the Russia in its war against the Ottoman Empire as an intelligence service but also like Fifth column.

They were also poets, musicians and even sometimes of the scholars.

Because of the guerilla permanent imposed by Haïdouks, circulation in Serb territory was very difficult for Turkish. From where a policy of very thorough Islamization forced in the Serb areas. The Sublime Door wanting matter Haïdouk Serb thanks to troops of Janissaire S buildings which lived in contact with them.

Lists of famous Haïdouk Serb

  • Hajduk Veljko Petrović 1780-1813

  • Stanoje Glavaš
  • Stojan Janković
  • Marko Deli
  • Novak Stari
  • Djordje Rac Slankamenac

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