Hénin-Beaumont

Geography

History

Antiquity

The site of Hénin-Beaumont was very early occupied: the existence of a prosperous Gallic village is attested by the excavations. At the 19th century nombeuses currencies on the edges of the marsh were found, attesting the arrival of population Celts and German-Belgian.

In 360, a first church is built with the current site of the Saint Martin's day church. Hénin is definitively christianized at the 7th century.

The Middle Ages

In 880, the city is victim of an invasion Norman.

The city, which depended on the seigniory of the counts de Liétard (who dominate the town of 950 up to 1244), is plundered and set fire to by the imperial troops in 1053. Isaac Liétard, the 4th lord of Hénin makes establish new fortifications which will hold three centuries. In 1244, Bauduin IV, the 12th lord of Hénin sells the city with Robert I {{er}}, count d' Artois

The city takes its name of Hénin-Liétard at the 14th century. But the name with much advanced: as of approximately 950/960, one finds various writings such as Hennium , Henninium or Heninium . The name has various alternatives, often very close, except St Martinus de Henain (12th century). In 1274 for the first time the name Hanin-le-Liétard appears. One added Liétard in remembering the lord, either in recognitions of the services rendered to the city for his fortifications, or quite simply to distinguish it from Hénin-on-Cojeul, with 30 kilometers from there.

The origin of Liétard is thus certain, but that of Hénin is less. It is generally allowed that Hénin would come from Latin hinniens (neighing) , which would explain the armorial bearings of the city (a horse with the gallop) and that the majority of the found Gallic parts carry a horse (of no propose the thesis of a center of famous breeding of horses in these old times). Others will seek the origin of Hénin in the origins of the populations (Celtic and German-Belgian). Thus Hénin would come from Hen-yn or Hen-oen , words Celtic meaning old ash . There are other rather eccentric theories.

Modern time

Contemporary time

In 1852, the discovery of the Houille in the Field of the Pas-de-Calais inserts Hénin-Liétard in modernity. From 1856, many foreigners come in Henin-Liétard to work in the mines. The company of the railroads of North makes build a station with Hénin-Liétard in 1859.

At the time of the war of 1870, the mayor of the time flees. Paul Galland became mayor by the force of the things and organized the defense of the city vis-a-vis the Prussians who arrived. He made of Hénin-Liétard the only city defended by his inhabitants whom the Prussians did not take. After the war, he resigned, when everyone required of him to remain mayor. In 1888, with its death, there were an important crowd, and a long discourse to greet this large character of the city.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the city becomes a bastion of the Jeune trade union of Benoît Broutchoux.

In 1914-1918, the German occupation is hard and destroying. In the night from October 3rd to 4th 1914, the occupants proceed to the plundering and the confusion of the communal house. In April 1917, the latter does not undergo the eagerness of the allies to be wanted to dislodge the occupant, it will not remain soon any more but the walls about it. The total evacuation of the commune is effective on April 26th, 1917. About on October 18th, 1918 (not certified by the absence of witnesses), the Germans explode the Saint Martin's day church before leaving the city. After the signature of the armistice, the first inhabitants will be noted of return on December 2nd, 1918. (see blog: Iconography)

During the inter-war period, Hénin-Liétard is rebuilt little by little under the impulse of the mayor Adolphe Charlon (SFIO), who will constantly be re-elected until his resignation in 1940. The town hall east rebuilds in 1925. The Company of the mines of Dourges makes build the Sainte-Marie church in 1928 for the minors of the Foch city. The Saint Martin's day church is rebuilt in style gréco-Byzantine by the Boutterin architect in 1932, the new station is inaugurated in 1933.

Released by the Allies in September 1944, the city is initially directed by the Communist Nestor Calonne of May 1945 in October 1947. The Socialist Fernand Darchicourt is elected mayor of Hénin-Liétard in 1953. It is another Socialist, Jacques Piette which succeeds to him. After the closing of the last mine shaft in October 1970, Jacques Piette must negotiate the difficult transition from Hénin-Liétard of a mining city at a city turned towards the trade and the services. He concludes the fusion of Hénin-Liétard and of Beaumont-in-Artois which makes it possible the town of obtain a vast retail park in the sector of the Edge of Water.

Pierre Darchicourt, the son of Fernand Darchicourt, succeeds to him in 1988.

Since 2001, its mayor is Gerard Dalongeville (DVG), former principal private secretary of Pierre Darchicourt.

For the local elections of 2008, Marie-Noëlle Lienemann of the socialist party is presented vis-a-vis the list Front National of Marine Le Pen and Steeve Briois

Administration

|- | align=right| March 2001 || Gerard Dalongeville ||align=" center" | Various Left|| |- | align=right| 1989-2001 || Pierre Darchicourt ||align=" center" | Socialist party|| |- | align=right| 1969-1989 || Jacques Piette ||align=" center" | Socialist party|| |- | align=right| 1953-1969 || Fernand Darchicourt||align=" center" | Socialist party|| |- | align=right| 1945-1947 || Nestor Calonne||align=" center" | PCF|| |- | align=right| September 2nd, 1944 || Julien Splingart||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1943-1944 || Calmet ||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1941-1943 || J Bridoux||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1940 || Father Brunner (Benedictine)||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1919-1940 || Adolphe Charlon||align=" center" | SFIO|| |- | align=right| 1904-1919 || Leon Pruvost||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1900-1904 || Americ Coach||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1898-1900 || Unpleasant Athanase||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1896-1898 || Amédée Thelliez||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1895-1896 || Jules Hurez||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1875-1895 || Elie Gruyelle||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1871-1875 || Napoleon Demarquette||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1870-1871 || Paul Galland||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1867-1870 || Louis Dancoisne||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1852-1867 || Alexis Caullet (family of the baillifs d' Hénin-Liétard)||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1848-1852 || Napoleon Demarquette||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1846-1848 || Caullet & Gruyelle||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1825-1846 || François Seneshal||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1820-1825 || Eugene Caullet (family of the baillifs d' Hénin-Liétard)||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1817-1820 || Platel||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1800-1817 || Pierre-Louis Marshal||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1796-1800 || Bernard Dujardin||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1795-1796 || Martin Charon||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1793-1795 || Delbarre||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1791-1793 || Willox||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1790-1791 || Lamand||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1790 || Delval||align=" center" | || |- | align=right| 1789-1790 || Knight||align=" center" | ||

Twinnings

Demography

Places and monuments

Historic buildings

Saint Martin's day church, classified entirely, including the whole of the decorations and interior installations (cad. BL 835): classification by decree of May 21st, 2003

Information resulting from: Databases Ministry for the culture

See too

Common of the Pas-de-Calais

External bonds

the official site of the city
the site of the community of agglomeration
Hénin-Beaumont on the site of the national geographical Institute
Hénin-Beaumont on the site of INSEE
Hénin-Beaumont on the site of Quid
Localization of Hénin-Beaumont on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Hénin-Beaumont on iconographic Mapquest
Site: the metamorphosis of Hénin-Liétard with Hénin-Beaumont

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