The gyrometer is a Capteur of movement. A gyrometer measures the number of revolutions of the Référentiel of the sensor compared to a inertial Référentiel (or galiléen), along one or more axes.

Physical principles of gyrometric measurement

The physical principles implemented in the gyrometry are:

• domino effects of reference mark (as in the Pendule of Foucault), of which the conservation of the kinetic moment (in the spinning tops) and the Force of Coriolis:
• gyrometer with spinning top
• gyrometer with electrostatic suspension (see MEMS)
• vibrating gyrometers in particular Piezoelectric S (of various forms: tuning fork, hemispherical, disc…).

• the Optical Effect Sagnac in :

• Laser gyrometer with resonant ring
• gyrometer with interferometric Fiberoptic
• gyrometer with Waves of matter (with the arrival of the technology of the cold atoms)

Applications

Inertial navigation

In the practical case of the terrestrial Navigation one regards as inertial reference frame the stellar reference mark . The complete sensor (three axes) gives access the three components of the vector instantaneous rotation of a mobile, which by integration gives the attitude of this mobile at any moment (angular position of the mobile in the inertial reference frame). Supplemented of a Accelerometer three axes, the whole forms an inertial central , making it possible to make Navigation in Aéronautique, Marine or even Automobile. The inertial navigation suffers from the uncertainty of measurement of the inertial sensors, thus it is necessary to be able to carry out inertial central effective very precise sensors and a system of retiming of measurement.

Wii

The levers, with the game console Wii, are equipped with gyrometers and Accéléromètre S (inter alia) which makes it possible to determine their movement. Thus the movement of the hands of the players (who hold the levers) are interpreted commes the movement of a sword, of a cane with sins or a hypothetical boxing glove according to the play.

See too

• Sensor

Random links:

Thorium | Alfred Duriau | Harmattan | Tamarin with russet-red hands | Boehlkea