Gustav Landauer , born the April 7th 1870 with Karlsruhe and dead the May 2nd 1919 with Munich, was an anarchistic and a German revolutionist . It was implied in the creation of the République of the Councils of Munich and was used to with it as a police chief for the state education. Landauer is also known for the study and the translation of works of William Shakespeare in German.

Biography

Wire of Jewish middle-class parents, Landauer studied the Philosophie, the Germany and the Histoire of art to Heidelberg, Strasbourg and Berlin. After having left its studies in 1893, he works as independent journalist and public speaker.

Initially of Marxist tendency rather , it will become anarchistic under the influence of Benedikt Friedländer which makes him discover Kropotkine and Proudhon. In 1896, It begins the publication of the newspaper Der Socialist in which it publishes anarchistic articles, which will be worth several arrests to him. In 1906, it will be expelled of the debates of the Second International. Influenced by the pacifist ideas of Leon Tolstoï, it forms in 1908 the socialist League ( Sozialistiche Bund ), a group which tries to prevent the release of the First World War with the assistance, amongst other things, of general strikes.

After the Revolution of November in 1918, it takes part in the creation of the République of the Councils of Munich in April 1919 and is used to with it as a police chief for the state education. In May 1919, when the army takes again Munich, it is stopped and cut down by the army.

Publications

• Skepsis und Mystik (1903)
• Die Revolution ( the Revolution ) (1908)
• the Revolution , translated from German by Margaret Manale and Louis Janover, follow-up of Revolutions against the prophets , of Louis Janover, ED. Sulliver, 2006,203 p.
• Aufruf zum Sozialismus ( Call to socialism ) (1911)
• Walter Fähnders: " Gustav Landauer - Anarchism, literature, révolution" , in: Literature and anarchism , ED. by Alain Pessin/Patrice Terrone, Toulouse, University Presses of Mirail, 1998, pp. 365-386.
• Walter Fähnders/Christoph Knüppel: " Gustav Landauer and the Bad shepherds of Octave Mirbeau ". In: Books Octave Mirbeau , n° 3,1996, pp. 73-90.

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