Gustaf Horn

See also: Horn

Gustaf Karlsson Horn , count de Björneborg (° the October 22nd 1592 with Örbyhus close to Uppsala - † the May 10th 1657 with Skara), was a Swedish war leader during the Guerre Thirty Year old. Gustaf Horn made its studies with Rostock, Iéna and Tübingen before entering the military career to the service of the king Gustave-Adolphe. It took part in 1625 in the catch of the Baltic city of Dorpat and in 1630 in that of the fortress of Kolberg (today Kolobrzeg in Poland). At the time of advanced towards Frankfurt on the Oder it ordered with half of the army of Sweden. It ordered of it the left blank at the time of the Bataille of Breitenfeld.

Then, Horn was named supreme commander of the troops Swedish and Finnish in Livonie and it came in Germany in 1630 accompanying Gustave-Adolphe when this one began its military countryside there. After the death of this last, occurred during the battles of Lützen, it took with Banér the command of the Swedish army while his/her father-in-law, the chancellor Axel Oxenstierna ensured the regency of the kingdom.

Its competition with Bernard of Saxony-Weimar which disputed the command of the Swedish army to him on the territory of the Saint Empire was one of the causes of their common defeat at the time of the decisive battle of Nördlingen the September 6th 1634, which saw the victory of the allied troops catholic of the Empire and the Spain and marked the end of Swedish invincibility in Germany. Horn as for him, had marked with force its opposition to start the combat. It was made prisoner during this confrontation, and was released only in 1642 in exchange of Jean de Werth, after which it turned over in Sweden. In 1644, it carried help to the army of Lennart Torstenson in Scanie, thus forcing the Danes to sign the Paix of Brömsebro. Horn remained in high regard and filled honors during the successive reigns of Christine and Charles X.

He was president of the council of war and marshal of the kingdom in 1653. At the end of its life, it was named governor of Livonie and Scanie. It is buried in the church St Jakob with Stockholm.

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