Guillemot de Troïl
See also: Guillemot de Troïl (homonymy)
The guillemot of Troïl ( Colymbus aalge ), so known under the name of guillemot marmette in Canada ( Uria aalge ), is a marine Oiseau Alcidés.
Morphology
At first sight, the guillemot marmette resembles small a Manchot. It is held besides upright as a penguin when it is with ground. The adult birds measure from 38 to 46 cm length, with a scale of wing from 61 to 73 cm. They have the head, the back and the wings brown dark, almost blacks, and the lower part of the white body. Their long dark nozzle is thin and pointed and their tail, also dark, is short and round. Certain individuals of North Atlantic present the “attached” form known as, with a white ocular circle and a white line which is stretched behind the eye. The plumage of winter is almost identical, except that the throat and the cheeks become white and a dark line appears behind the eye.
Geographical distribution
The guillemot marmette niche on islands, shores, cliffs and pitons rock on the coasts of the Atlantic and the Peaceful northern, in North America and Europe of the west. For the period of reproduction, one finds it on the northern coast of the Pacifique in Alaska, Colombia-British and towards the south until the center of the California and the north of Japan, like on the coasts of the northern Atlantique, the Labrador until in Nova Scotia, and of the Norway until the Portugal. Certain birds are permanent residents, but during the winter, the Scandinavian birds migrate towards the south to find interstitial waters of ice until in New England, in the south of the California and the west of the the Mediterranean.
Behavior
The guillemot marmette is a pelagic species, which at sea spends almost all its time, except for the period of reproduction. He literally seeks his food in “flying” under water using his powerful wings. He nourishes especially small Poisson of bench (200 mm length to the maximum), but also some Crustacé S, Ver S sailors and Calmar S. He often plunges up to 30 m of depth, but one recorded dives of more than 150 Mr.
This bird niche generally in dense colonies and lays its single egg directly on the rock or the ground. The eggs have the shape of a pear, in such way that they swivel on themselves when they are disturbed, and do not fall in bottom from cliff. Their colors and their reasons vary, probably to help the adults to recognize them. As soon as it reaches two weeks, the young person is not gavé any more (of fish) with the nest by his parents. It is on water that his/her parents will nourish it until the completion of its growth (size of a large duck), towards the end of the summer.
The guillemot of Troïl settles readily in colonies with middle height of cliffs.
One finds nothing any more in France but 150 couples, confined at the coasts north of the Brittany, where oil pollution the threat seriously. With the British Isles, it is, with 570 000 couples nicheurs, the most common bird of sea. After some migrations towards the south, the adults become almost sedentary.
See too
Taxonomic references
External bonds
- Guillemot marmette and Guillemot de Brünnich in Fauna and flora of the country