Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau

See also: Guillaume de Nassau

Batavian Guillaume V , prince of Orange-Nassau (Willem V Batavus, prins van Oranje in Nassau) $the Hague, March 8th 1748 - Brunswick, April 9th 1806. Prince de Nassau-Dietz, Orange-Nassau prince 1751, stathouder hereditary of the Netherlands 1751 with 1795, date of its abdication, prince de Fulda and count de Corvey (1802). It was the last Stathouder United Provinces.

Family

Wire of the prince Guillaume IV of Orange-Nassau (1711-1751), prince de Nassau-Dietz, prince of Orange-Nassau (1711 - 1751), and of Anne of Hanover (1709 - 1759), royal princess of Great Britain and Ireland, regent of the United Provinces (1751 - 1759).

He marries, the October 4th 1767, with Berlin, Wilhelmine of Prussia (1751-1820), girl of Auguste-Guillaume crown prince to Prussia, sister of Frederic Guillaume II of Prussia, grand-daughter of Frederic-Guillaume Ier of Prussia.

Children:

  • Wire naturalness, Charles de Nassau says Batave (Utrecht, September 3rd, 1767 - Paris, June 11th, 1808).

of its union with the Wilhelmine princess, five children:

  • Wire, prince de Nassau ($the Hague, 23 March 24th, 1769).
  • Louise Frederique Wilhelmine ($the Hague, November 28th, 1770 - $the Hague, October 15th, 1819), princess of Nassau, married in 1790 with the crown prince Charles-Georges-Auguste to Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1766-1806), wire of Charles Guillaume Ferdinand of Brunswick.
  • Child of Nassau ($the Hague, August 6th, 1771).
  • Guillaume Frederic ($the Hague, August 24th, 1772 - Berlin, December 12th, 1843), Orange-Nassau prince, large-duke of Luxembourg, king of the Netherlands (1815-1840) as a Guillaume I {{er}}.
  • Guillaume Georges Frederic ($the Hague, February 15th, 1774 - Padoue, January 6th, 1799), prince de Nassau.

Biography

Three years old, Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau became stathouder (1766) after the death of his father which has occurred in 1751 and after one long period of regency, ensured by his mother, Anne of Hanover of 1751 with 1759, his grandmother, Louise de Hesse-Cassel of 1759 with 1765, his Caroline sister of Orange-Nassau of 1765 with 1766.

At the time of the War of American Independence, Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau remained neutral. With the head of the English faction, it tried to block in its State the initiatives pro-revolutionists and later pro-Frenchwomen, it vainly tried to escape the war. However the Dutchmen tried to link themselves with the Russian league, which in 1780 plunged them in the war. After many pressures and discussions of much of politicians and diplomats French and American, they decided to recognize in 1782 the independence of the United States.

After four years of war, the Dutchmen are demolished, the Netherlands are impoverished.

Being good child and weak, Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau had entrusted the political matters to the duke of Brunswick, which caused a vehement opposition of the patriotic party. An group of youth revolutionists, called Patriotic, caused the authority of Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau. This one moved its court in Gueldre, and this distance of the political center was the only measurement taken by the stathouder. It respected the desire of his influential Wilhelmine wife of Prussia, which did not improve the situation.

Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau and his wife tried to go to $the Hague, but were stopped by the Patriots who incited them to turn over in Gueldre. For Wilhelmine of Prussia and Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau it was a snub. Frederic Guillaume II of Prussia ordered, in 1787, with part of his army to penetrate in the Netherlands in order to overcome the Patriots; those took refuge in France at the time when the royalty was abolished (September 21st 1792)

1795, was one year disastrous for the United Provinces. Supported by the French Army, the Patriots returned to the Netherlands, which caused the exile of Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau and its family in England where it gave instruction to its administrators to yield the Dutch territories, in particular Java, Malacca and the Moluques in England so that they do not fall to the hands from the French. It was exiled with its family in the duchy of Brunswick.

In 1801 it accepted of compensation the abbeys for Corvey and Fulda in Germany, which it bequeathed to his son in 1802.

His/her son Guillaume VI of Orange returned to the Netherlands, it became, in 1815, the first king of the Netherlands as a Guillaume I {{er}}.

Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau belongs to the sixth branch (Nassau-Dietz), itself resulting from the second branch (Nassau-Dillenbourg) of the Maison of Nassau. This line of Nassau-Dietz, then Orange-Nassau belongs to the stem ottonienne which gave stathouders to the Flanders, the Zealand, the Gueldre, the Frise, the Holland, with the United Provinces, a king with the England and the Scotland in the person of Guillaume III of Orange-Nassau, kings and queens in the Netherlands.

Guillaume V of Orange-Nassau is the ascending one of the queen Béatrix of the Netherlands.

Internal bonds

External bonds and sources

  • en.wikipedia.org

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