Guillaume Of Tillot

Leon Guillaume Of Tillot was born with Bayonne the May 22nd 1711 and he died in Paris in 1774.

The rise

Wire of a servant, it made his studies with the Collège of the Four Nations to Paris. These finished studies, it went to Spain attached to the court of Charles III. After the departure of the king for Italy, it was charged to deal with the businesses with Philippe de Bourbon, becoming its private secretary, guard of his private and organizing trunk of the festivals and spectacles with Chambéry and in others lieus. In June 1749, it left Paris for Parma like observer and adviser of Philippe, at the request of Louis XV whose Philippe is the son-in-law. The duke named it, on June 29th, 1749, general intendant of the trunk, thus entrusting the ducal management of the trunk to him; the payment of the expenditure and the wages, intendance of the palates, the properties, the gardens and the theaters, direction of the spectacles and the festivals.

At the top

Philippe, always grateful of the service offered by Of Tillot, did it Minister for the public economy and the foreign affairs, then Prime Minister in 1759. By its activity, Of Tillot the duchy more flourishing thanks to a good administration made. June 20th, 1764, it was named marquis of Felino and it accepted the grounds of Felino and San Michele Tiorre.

Unemployment, the weak production, the ignorance of the techniques of productions were the recurring evils of the economy of the duchy. Of Tillot tried to look after them by encouraging the production of the many objects related to the mode: gloves, veils, draped, feathers, velvet. It made come from France and of the Suisse of the skilful workmen and craftsmen who taught their art, it conceded free buildings for new industries, it financed them, it gave pensions to the craftsmen so that they train new pupils. Concerning agriculture, it introduced and supported the Potato still not very diffuse in Europe, it improved the roads, the bridges, the channels in order to promote the imports and exports.

Of Tillot, supported by the courses of France, of Spain and Naples, a very hard fight against the ecclesiastical privileges carried out wanted by the Saint Sits, in particular the absence of loads on the properties which fell down on the other owners. Papacy condemned the new laws but the Jésuites were expelled of the duchy the February 8th 1768, the goods of much of others Ordres were confiscated, the Inquisition abolishes.

At the time of the reorganization of the Public library of Parma, Of Tillot private with its use including/understanding built some the Encyclopédie. It created the Academy of Beautiful arts, the Museum of Antiquity, ducal printing works, the newspaper the Gazzetta of Parma and reorganized the Université of Parma this one one of oldest of Europe since having been created at the 11th century. It was surrounded by intellectuals and artists among whom Condillac, Paciaudi, Giovanni Bodoni, Jean Baptiste Boudard and it invited to the court Ennemond Alexandre Petitot. Using this one, it printed a new style at the town of Parma, modifying the church of San Pietro (begun again frontage), the palate of the Governor, the Palate of Riserva, Stradone, the Palate ducal of Giardino with the assistance of the Boudard sculptor. In 1756, it called at the court Guillaume Rouby de Cals, initially employed near the administration of finances, it became the private secretary of Of Tillot and director of the first military fabric factory for the ducal house, manufactures created Borgo San Donnino.

The fall

Tillot was vis-a-vis two adversaries, on the one hand, its political enemies because of the hard conflicts which it caused with the Papal States, its laic management of the Duchy of Parma, the nominations which it carried out, suppression of the Enquiry and expulsion about the Jésuites. In addition, the arrival of Marie-Amélie of Habsbourg-Lorraine wife of the new duke Ferdinand de Bourbon who wanted to substitute the Austrian influence for that French and Spanish. The opposition of Marie-Amélie changed of hatred, it obtained from her husband his reference in spite of the opposition of France and Spain. Tillot was initially constrained with domiciliary stops with Colorno where it resided then at the escape on November 19th, 1771 towards Spain. It was withdrawn before returning to France where it died in 1774.

The Minister For Tillot was replaced by the Spaniard Jose de Llano.

Sources

Parma Edition Quaderni Parmensi, of Gianfranco Stella (1988)
Parma E Vienna Edition Artegrafica Silva - Parma, of Adele Vittoria Marchi (1988)

Random links: