Guillaume IX of Poitiers

See also: Guillaume IX

Guillaume IX of Poitiers , born the October 22nd 1071, dead the February 10th 1127, called since the Troubadour , Count de Poitiers under the name of Guillaume VII and duke of Aquitaine and Gascogne of 1086 to its death. The form limousine of its first name is Guilhem. It is also the first known poet in Occitan. It succeeds his father Guillaume VIII at the 15 years age, which is worth the nickname of Guillaume to him the Young person at the beginning of his reign. Its true name as a duke of Aquitaine should be in fact Guillaume VIII since his ancestor Guillaume " Head of Etoupe" , count de Poitou from 936 to 963 forever carried - contrary to an generally accepted idea - the title of duke of Aquitaine and was thus not the Guillaume III " Head of Etoupe" , duke of Aquitaine of the traditional lists of the dukes of Aquitaine since. The title of " duke of Aquitains" was taken only into 965 by the son of Head of Packing, Guillaume " IV" Fierabras (actually it should be Guillaume III ), count de Poitou (963-996).

Genealogy Ramnulfides

Wire of Guillaume VIII of Poitiers and Hildegarde of Burgundy, he is briefly married with Ermengarde of Anjou (girl of Foulque IV '' Réchin '', count d' Anjou), before marrying Philippa of Toulouse (girl of Guillaume IV, count de Toulouse) or Philippie in 1094, of which he has

The apogee of the Aquitanian principality

It continues to develop the embryo of administrative organization of its predecessors, with the addition of a provost with Surgères in 1087 and the creation of forest agents. It takes and destroys the castle of Blaye to the count Guillaume V of Angouleme, in order to réfréner the companies of this one in Saintonge.

Having acquired rights on Toulouse by his Phillipa wife, it puts forward them by the weapons by taking Toulouse in 1098. Guillaume the Troubadour joined the First Crusade, carried out by Godefroy de Bouillon, after the fall of Jerusalem, in March 1101. There remains one year and half in the East, to generally fight in Anatolia, where he is seriously beaten twice.

It is count de Rouergue of 1110 to 1120.

It seizes goods of the Church in 1113 to finance its countryside against Toulouse, and gives up his Philippie wife for the wife of the her vassal Viscount of Châtellerault. These acts are worth the Excommunication to him. It Marie nevertheless her son Guillaume with the girl of her mistress in 1121.

At the end of its life, it takes part in an episode of the Reconquista: combined with the king of Castille and León, Alphonse the Fighter , who married his Béatrice sister. Of 1120 with 1123, they guerroient for the conquest of the kingdom of Valence, in particular gaining the Bataille of Cutanda.

A cultivated prince

But Guillaume IX of Poitiers marks especially the history like a man of letters, who can maintain one the courses the most refined Occident.

Friend of the artists and troubadour himself

He accommodates thus at his court the bards Welsh Blédri ap Davidor, which reintroduces on the continent the history of Tristan and Iseut.

He is itself a poet, using the Langue of Oc for his works, poems often put in music.

It is the first medieval poet, since holy Fortunat at the 6th century (which resides a long time at the Abbaye Holy-Cross of Poitiers), whose works, neither crowned nor with the glory of warlike heroes, are preserved. Its worms generally treat women, of love and its sexual prowesses. Its poetry is sometimes very raw (for example in song suitable , when he asks his companions which horse he must go up, of Agnes or Arsens ), one time old reflection when the Church has only one influence limited on the company. Regarded as one of the precursors of the Courtly love ( fine amor in Occitan), it is one of the influential models of the art of the Troubadour S, whose poetry will become more gallant.

On its return of crusade, he repudiates his wife and takes for mistress a married woman, whom he calls upon like MUSE in his poems under the name of Dangereuse (Maubergeonne). He evokes also the foundation of a convent, whose nuns would be selected among more the beautiful women of the county. With the Battle of Cutanda, it would have fought with the body of its mistress paints on her shield.

It also evokes the war and of the consequences which she had for him: according to Vital Orderic, it tells its captivity in the East in a pleasant way.

It makes large donations with the Church, of which some for the foundations of monasteries. It rebuilds the palate counts of Poitiers.

Example of song

Here one of the works composed by the count duke, in Language of oc, in the Limousin, accompanied by the French translation:

I will adore only it! (Song)

Brief chronology

External bonds

  • Guillaume of Aquitaine, the king of the troubadours on historia-nostra.com

See too

House of Poitou ~ List of the counts de Poitiers ~ Poitou

French|Guillaume IX of Poitiers]

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