Guillaume Fouquet of the Game preserve

Guillaume Fouquet , lord of the Game preserve (or Varanne , or Varane ), French Statesman, 1560 - 1616.

Heraldic

" the weapons of nostre Maison are a white greyhound bitch in field of mouths with a collar of azure strewn with flowers of gold lily without number and such as Roys gave them to us " : description given by Rene II Fouquet of the Game preserve in 1680 (A.D. the Sarthe, chartrier of the Game preserve, 13 F 2444).

Biography

Guillaume Fouquet is not resulting from a noble family, but from a middle-class family of the Arrow, wire of Martin Fouquet, the rider of kitchen of Francoise d' Alençon, duchess of Vendôme. With the death of this one, Martin Fouquet fulfills the same functions near the son of Francoise d' Alençon, Antoine of Bourbon (1518 - Andelys 1562), husband of Jeanne III of Navarre (Jeanne d' Albret), then near their son the young person Henri de Navarre, the future Henri IV.

At the 18 years age, in 1578, Guillaume Fouquet, thanks to his father, between as cook with the service of Mrs Catherine , Catherine of Bourbon (1559 - 1604), sister of the future king. In 1580, it is noticed for its personality and its skill, and Catherine recommends it to her brother: Guillaume becomes coat rack of Henri de Navarre.

During thirty years, until the assassination of the king in 1610, Guillaume lives in the shade of Henri IV, taking an active share with the significant events of the reign. Confirming its reputation of skill and bravery and running of the unquestionable risks, he devotes body and heart to the cause of the king.

At twenty years, it assembles a knack against the place of Angouleme held by the Ligue the USSR and fact captive the lieutenant of the city; the chronicles bring back its exploits to Coutras (1587), it fights against the Members of a league of the duke of Mayenne to Arques (1589) and Ivry (1590), victories which open to the future monarch of France the way of Paris ( Paris " being worth a messe" well; , Henri abjures his Protestant religion in 1593 and is crowned in Chartres in 1594). Fouquet is charged by the king with public diplomatic missions… or private businesses of confidence.

At the beginning of June 1595, it saves the life of Henri de Navarre to the Bataille of Fountain-Frenchwoman. Arrived at the capacity, Henri IV appoints it ordinary police chief of the wars, then general inspector of the stations, to replace a close relation of the house of the Own way, Hugues Of the Farmhouse. It reorganizes the postal network and contributes towards 1598 to creation in France of the public post office, by placing the royal post office at the disposal of the public. A postage stamp is emitted besides with its effigy by the postal administration at the time of the day of the stamp of 1946.

Catherine of Bourbon sister of the king, duchess of Bar, marries Henri II of Lorraine, known as one day with Fouquet, which she had known as cook: " It appears, the Game preserve, that you more gained to carry chickens of my brother, that to prick mine .

A narrow friendship bound the king and his favorite, since the first engagements against the Members of a league on the battle fields of Ivry) and Fountain-Frenchwoman. My heart, the Game preserve still found me with the bed! writes Henri IV with Marie de Médicis in 1606. The relations with Sully are not, on the other hand, also trustful: Sully hardly likes it and denounces its conceited ambitiousness. However the influence of Fouquet goes increasing until in the last years of the reign.

During its career, Fouquet also exerted the functions to advise at the Parliament of Paris, Master of the requests of the king (to advise State), governor of the city and castle of the Arrow (1592), governor of the city and castle of Angers (August 28th 1604), then general lieutenant of the province of Anjou (1613). Fouquet was equipped in addition with ecclesiastical benefit: abbeys of Ainay (close to Lyon), the Saint-Benoit-on-Loire, Saint Nicolas's Day of Angers, Saint-Wolf of Troyes, priory of Esvière close to Angers.

Married to Catherine Foussard which brings the ground of the Game preserve to him, Guillaume Fouquet in has several wire. He is anobli in 1598 and carries the titles of baron, then marquis in 1616, of Holy-Suzanne and the Arrow.

The ground of Saint-Novels in Poitou had been previously set up in baronnie for the Game preserve and his second wife, Jeanne de Poix, in consideration " of the services rendered by them of act of war, or differently in several manners ".

Fouquet of the Game preserve with the Arrow (the Sarthe)

Guillaume Fouquet of the Game preserve, Fléchois of origin, anobli in 1598 by Henri IV, transformed the Arrow into 20 years

1593 : construction of a strengthened enclosure and re-establishment of the Election
1595: establishment of a seat présidial and a provostal jurisdiction, rebuilding of the bridge of the Carmelite friars
1597: work of town planning, paving of the streets
1599: establishment of frank fairs
spring 1603: intervention of Fouquet near the king: presentation of the Jesuits of Verdun to obtain the re-establishment of the Order in France, where they were banished since 1594 (attack of Jean Châtel). The Edict of re-establishment of the Jesuits is signed on September 1st 1603, and is ratified on January 2nd 1604. The king offers his castle, his park, his gardens, 300.000 books and the income of several abbeys and priories; Fléchois themselves subscribe for 6.000 books
1604: opening of the college in the Castle-nine (current military national Academy), built by Francoise d' Alençon of 1539 with 1541
1604: construction of a large door of city known as carries mancelle, of Epau or Paris
1603 - 1606: construction of the castle of Guillaume Fouquet of the Game preserve
1606: adjudication of the markets
1616: creation of a House of city.

The king having been assassinated on May 14th 1610, Guillaume reminded Marie de Médicis that the late king wanted that its heart rested in the church of the college of the Arrow. The Jesuits accepted the invaluable relic of the hands of prince François of Bourbon-Conti and on Monday, May 31, the funeral procession left Paris for the Arrow, fits with body some by the road of Chartres. The arrival with the Arrow on June 4th gave place to an impressive ceremony, scheduled by Guillaume and Rene Fouquet of the Game preserve and in the presence of Hercules de Rohan, duke of Montbazon, par of France, Large huntsman of France, in the arms of which the king had died.

The death of the king reduces the role of Fouquet but does not involve its disgrace, since he sees himself entrusting by Marie de Médicis several diplomatic missions in 1611 and 1612; it is confirmed on October 10th 1613 by Louis XIII lieutenant-general of the province of Anjou and its grounds are joined together and set up in marquisat on June 7th 1616. Guillaume Fouquet of the Game preserve dies in his castle of the Arrow on December 7th 1616.

As of 1609 Guillaume had obtained Henri IV the favor to make build its tomb with the foot of the ballot box having to contain the heart of the king. When the vault of the college was built, Rene of the Game preserve in 1655 added to the monument the bust of his father and an epitaph. But in 1793 of the foreign revolutionists with the Arrow profane the tombs, burn the heart of the king and dispersed the remainders of its family and her best servants.

The castle of Guillaume Fouquet of the Game preserve with the Arrow

Guillaume buys houses and grounds starting from 1590 and built the castle of 1603 with 1606 in the architectural style characteristic of the 17th century, with imposing porch, 2 walls of 55m length, houses bordering the be leading to the drawbridge and enclosure of ditches to running water (by derivation of the Loir). The home includes/understands an important body of building of two stages with eight windows each one, framed by two large symmetrical wings out of bracket on the two frontages. High bored roofs of attic windows to the carved ailerons cap the unit majestueusement. A vast rectangular esplanade forming terrace entourele main building. Four square houses connected by balustrades to columns decorate the angles of them.
the nobility of province loses much of its gloss at the end of the reign of Louis XIV, and the castle is not also any more prosperous under Rene, then Claude II of the Game preserve, whose management is poor.
With died of this one its widow, born Marie-Francoise Philiberte-Damaris de Froullay-Tessé, girl of Rene de Froulay de Tessé, is still minor. His/her son, " Anonym" , 5th marquis of the Game preserve, is old of a few weeks and will die at the 15 years age. The duties of the governorship of the Arrow are taken over temporarily in 1714 per Rene-François de Froullay-Tessé, brother of Marie-Francoise, then in 1733 by François de Briqueville, count of the Alfalfa with which Marie-Francoise remariée herself in 1715. In 1719 a sentence establishes the succession as of the Game preserve to the profit of the marquis of Champagne the Unpleasant ones (husband of Catherine Francoise of the Game preserve, sister of Claude) and of its son Rene-Brandelys de Champagne the Unpleasant ones.
But it is in fact at the time of the death of Madam de Briqueville on December 28th 1744 that the family of Champagne takes again her rights on the seigniories of the Arrow and Holy-Suzanne. The goods pass then by marriage to the family of Choiseul-Praslin.
the revolutionary period is animated for the castle, invaded, which becomes inter alia general headquarter, prison, infirmary, stable for 250 horses, refuge for the crews of Saumur and school of gunners. The duke César-Hippolyte de Choiseul-Praslin is upset and dies by it in 36 years in 1793. Plundered and deprived of its richnesses, which made the attraction of it, the castle moreover, seriously is damaged by a storm on December 28th 1803; it is probably unoccupied under the Empire.

César-Rene de Choiseul-Praslin (1779 - 1846), brother of César-Hippolyte, decides to cut down the old home and to parcel out the park. The residence is shaven dentre 1818 and 1820.

Fouquet of the Holy-Suzanne Game preserve with (Mayenne)

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