Guarulhos

Guarulhos is a city of the State de São Paulo in the Metropolitan region of São Paulo, in the microphone-area which bears its name. The Tropic of Capricorn divides the city into two. Its population estimated in 2003 was of 1.160.500 inhabitants (second city of the State) er his surface is of 317,1 km ², that is to say with a demographic density of 3660 hab/km ².

Its limits are Mairiporã and Nazaré Paulista in North, Santa Isabel in Nordest, Arujá E Itaquaquecetuba Is and the capital in the South and the West.

The city is known especially, to shelter the largest civil airport of the South America, the International airport of São Paulo-Guarulhos).

History

Guarulhos was born on December 8th 1560, like element of defense of the village of São Paulo. It becomes a city in 1880, when it separated from São Paulo, with the name of Notre Dame of the Design of Guarulhos , and in 1906 its current name was adopted.

In 1560, the village of the Indians Giarus of the tribe of the Guaianases, integral of the nation Tupi, is founded under the name of Notre Dame of the Design by the Jésuite, Manuel of Paiva.

The cycle of gold

Its initial economic growth is due to the exploitation of the Or. The mines, discovered in 1590 by Afonso Sardinha, were located in the current area of Bairro das Lavras (District of mining).

Really, towards 1750, there were minors who extracted gold in Lavras Velhas C Geraldo (Old women mines of Geraldo). This extraction was also done in at least six different points on a few tens of square kilometers.

Between the XVII and XVIII centuries, the great number of authorizations of granted ground occupation indicate that times ago of great interest for the current territory of Guarulhos.

These ground occupants dealt of agriculture and exploitation of mining with like activities of support, the breeding of bovines and horses. The Moulins with sugar appeared to the XVI E century and continued until the beginning of the XXe century also producing alcohol. The wet and cold climate and, consequently, the Rust of the corn, the Mosaic of the cane with sugar and the Curuquerê probably have nuirent with the cultures.

Slavery

Work negro slave (of Sudanese origin, called Gegês) was used in large scales. With the paralysation of the exploitation of gold, much by negros accompanied their Master in the rout and the village entered in decline. According to the inventory of the rural properties of the Harbor office of São Paulo, in 1817, there are 183 slaves in Freguesia da Conceição backs Guarulhos, had by 28 minors of the following places: Bom Jesus, Bom Sucesso, Guavirotuba, Itaverava, Lavras, Pirucaia, São Gonçalo, São Miguel (Spiced) and Varados.

After the release of the slaves (Lei Áurea 1888) labor starts to miss.

Urban development

A document of May 30th, 1901 describes the production of the city.

We see the production there::

of alcohol (30 mills),
of Rice (12 properties)
of Coffee (4 properties),
of Bean S (200 propriédades),
of Corn (200 properties),
of Tobacco (1 property),
of Charcoal (10 properties),
of Wine (2 properties),
of horses (300 heads),
of Caprine S (20 heads),
of Porcine S (100 heads),
of Bovine S (300 heads) and
5 producers in the field of the Bee-keeping.

In 1915, one inaugurated the junction of the railroad of Guapyra in Guarulhos says the train of the Cantareira. It made it possible to run out wood and the stones but especially the product of the great number of Briqueterie S intended for the construction of the Capital. This railroad included/understood five stations on Guarulhos: Villa Galvão, Torres Tibagy, Gopoúva, Villa Augusta and Guarulhos, in addition to its prolongation until air base.

The beginning of the XXe century saw the arrival not only Railroad but also the electricity ( Light & Power ), phone network, marketing activities and transport of passengers.

One sees by the acts of the municipal room, the concern with the Déboisement, the Pollution the waters, the establishment of the égoux, hunting for the birds, the supply in Drinking water.

During the decade of 30, we see the federal intervention, the creation of Junta Governativa de Guarulhos and the Mouvement Constitutionnaliste.

In 1940, was inaugurated the public library and, in 1941, the first Health center of the city and 10 years later the public Hôpital.

During the decade of 1940, industries of the sectors electric, metallurgical, appeared plastic, food, of the rubber, the Chaussure S, the parts of cars, the Horlogerie and the Cuir.

Since 1987, the city of Guarulhos has a University: Universidade de Garulhos, successor of the Integrated Centers of higher education Farias Brito founded in 1970.

In 1985, the inauguration of the International airport of São Paulo-Guarulhos in Combica brought an economic start of the city. However, the effects of the harmful effects (noise) brought were not regulated yet.

External bonds

Gate Guaru
Guarulhos - Gate '' Nosso São Paulo ''
Official site of the municipality of Guarulhos

Simple: Guarulhos

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