Group companies

A group of companies or group is a whole of companies (parent company) directly dependant between them on the financial plan and organisational.

Mode of property

Such a group can be

public (example of the ex- Kombinat S), therefore property of a state (or another community) under the supervision of a ministry.

or co-operative (ex: Mondragón Co-operative Corporation with the Basque Country), the pilot company being then a central Union of co-operatives whose capital is held by basic co-operatives.

or capitalist (ex: Mittal-Arcelor). In this case, the pilot firm is generally a Joint stock company playing the part of financial Holding (system company-mother and subsidiary companies)

There exist mixed groups or the capital is divided between private shareholders and a community (Volkswagen) or between private shareholders and co-operatives regional (Crédit or agricultural cooperative)….

Organizations

The industry groups have Organization S:

legal
functional
countable.

The organization is generally in the form of group of companies . The most traditional group juridically consists of a parent company known as Holding holding companies (its Filiale S), which itself hold others of them, etc the groups can be made up of Entreprise S of different legal statuses, according to the countries for example.

However, the types of organization differ from one group to another, just as the cultures of companies, which can bring inconsistencies momentary or durable at the time of the reorganizations, fusion S, Acquisition S…

From a functional point of view, the groups, result generally from a precise country and then essaimé. This historical evolution make that they are generally made up,

on the territory of the country from which they result, of regional managements, of subsidiary companies,
and in addition of subsidiary companies or branches European and international.

On the whole, when they reach a fully international stature (Multinationale), they adopt a functional Organigramme by country, areas, branches of activity, etc

Specific aspects related to the type of property

The groups dimensioned on a Stockmarket, generally on the level of their parent company, have the legal requirement publish group accounts.

It happens exceptionally that the head of group is not the ultimate parent company, because she belongs she even to companies of the groupeCela is in particular in the co-operative or mutual groups where the basic cases are the principal shareholders or members of their “power station”. It is the case in particular first French banking group, the Agricultural credit.

The fact that a group is public does not prevent that some adopt a statute of joint stock company, these documents of title (or partially mixed company) being primarily held by the Community on which it depends, which makes it possible comptablement to isolate their activity for better a Transparence from this one.

See too

Genealogy of the companies
Industry group

External bonds

Article in line Anne Skalitz, “Beyond the companies: groups”, INSEE First , n° 836, March 2002

Random links: