Grocka

Grocka , in Serb Cyrillic Sr Гроцка, is a city and a municipality of Serbia located on Right Bank of the the Danube. Grocka constitutes one of the 7 périurbaines municipalities district of Belgrade. In 2002, the city counted: 8338 inhabitants and the municipality of which it is the center: 75466.

Geography

The municipality of Grocka is located at the east of Belgrade, mainly in the north of the area of Šumadija (Choumadie), in the valley of the Ralja, an affluent of the Jezava, river which is itself an arm of the Velika Morava. The north of the municipality, as for him, belonged to the area of Podunavlje, in the valley of the the Danube. The other rivers which run in the municipality are the Bolečica and the Gročica. If the west of the municipality revolves around the town of Belgrade, the east is rather turned towards the town of Smederevo.

The town of Grocka is located on Right Bank of the Danube.

History

The area of Grocka is inhabited since the Préhistoire. In fact, in 1908, at the village of Belo Brdo located near Vinča, a team of archeologists directed by Miloje Vasić carried out Fouille S which put at the day of important vestiges dating from the Neolithic period ; taking into account the importance of the discoveries carried out, one gave the name of Vinča to the culture which developed along the Danube between 6.000 and 3.000 front J.C. : it is from now on known under the name of culture of Vinča.

At the Roman epoch, the sector of current Grocka was located on the Limes , a defense system which protected the borders from the Empire. The vestiges of several turns of guet as those several forts were found along banks of the the Danube.

The town of Grocka is mentioned for the first time in 878 under the name of Gradec. July 22nd, 1739, an important battle of the austro-Turkish war of 1737-1739 took place close to Grocka.

In 1955, the town of Grocka was attached to the district of Belgrade, also known under the name of Ville of Belgrade. In 1957, after the dissolution of the municipality of Mali Mokri Lug, the sectors is of this municipality were attached to Grocka (villages off Kaluđerica, Leštane and Vinča). Into the beginning of the Years 1960, the municipalities of Umčari and Vrčin dissolved and were integrated in the municipality of Grocka.

Localities of the municipality of Grocka

Demography

City

Historical evolution of the population in the city

In 2007, the population of Grocka was estimated at: 8743 inhabitants.

Pattern of the settlement in the city (2002)

Municipality

Historical evolution of the population in the municipality

Pattern of the settlement in the municipality (2002)

Economy

As well on the demographic level as on the economic plan, the municipality of Grocka is divided into two parts. The west of the municipality, which forms a continuous whole with the urban area of Belgrade, knows an important increase in population and economic, with hundreds of small companies located at Kaluđerica, Boleč, Leštane, Vinča and Ritopek. On the other hand the parts located at the east are primarily agricultural and, except for the town of Grocka itself, they see their population declining.

In revenche, because of a favorable Microclimate, the town of Grocka is the center of one of the most important fruit-bearing areas of Serbia (fishings, apricots, plums, cherries and grape). The area is also producing of corn. The experimental farm of Radmilovac is located close to Vinča; it belongs to the Faculty of Agriculture of the Université of Belgrade.

The production of fruits gave rise to important a Agribusiness industry, mainly developed in Grocka, Vinča and Boleč ( PKB Beograd ). Several mills are also located at Grocka and Vinča.

Moreover, the area saw developing an textile industry (factory Kluz , in Grocka).

Several transportation routes cross the municipality, as the Sr Smederevski could (“road of Smederevo”) or the railway and the highway Belgrade Niš (European Route E75). Several docks are located in the localities which are at the edge of the Danube (Vinča, Grocka). A project of marina was conceived for Grocka; the project also envisages the construction of a watery Parc.

A geomagnetic Observatoire was built in Brestovik; Vinča also accommodates important nuclear Institut, as well as the refuse tip of the Town of Belgrade.

The municipality also have assets on the tourist level. During the summer, the majority of the villages organize demonstrations, like the Sr Zlatni kotlić with Grocka or the Sr Dani trešnje (“days of cherry”) in Ritopek. Belgradois also often come to pass the end of the week on banks of the Danube. Among the cultural sites likely to interest the tourists, one can quote the Monastère of Rajinovac in Begaljica and the archaeological vestiges of the culture of Vinča.

Celebrities

Ilija Garašanin, which was one of the most important politicians of Serbia at the 19th century died in Grocka.

Twinnings

Notes and references of the article

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