Granville

Geography

Granville is located at the edge of the Manche at the end of the natural area of the Cotentin, it closes by north bay of the Mount-Saint-Michel. The high city is installed on a Presqu'île bordered of ic Falaise Granit and Schiste uses, called Pointe of the Rock or Cape Lihou. The remainder of the city extends towards the east on the continent, delimited in north by the Rivière Boscq and in the south by an alternation of Falaise S and Plage S until the Ruisseau Saigue. The commune has four Plage S of Sable, one in north between the Presqu'île and the Rivière, three in the south on the bay. It occupies 990 ha, for the majority urbanized territory but this urbanization by the European directive Natura 2000 is now limited and the law of safeguarding of the littoral. The common one belongs to the association Plus beautiful turnings of France.

Located in Bay of the Mount-Saint-Michel and his Estran at the very weak slope, it profits from strongest the Marée S of Europe, being able to reach 14 meters per fort coefficient. This situation involves also strong a erosion of the coast between 50 cm and 1,4 meter following the beaches.

With broad, the Archipel of the islands Chausey is managed by the commune of Granville. It is one of the only insular districts of France. It is composed of 52 islands of Granit to high tide and more than 365 with low tide for nearly 5.000 ha.

Granville is located at 17 km in the south-east of its insular district of Chausey, 288 km in the west of Paris - Notre-Dame, 49 km in the south-west of Saint-Lo, 24 km in the North-West of Avranches, 27 km in the south-west of Coutances, 91 km in the south of Cherbourg-Octeville, 23 km in the north of the Mount-Saint-Michel, 26 km in the North-East of Cancale, 99 km in the south-west of Caen.

Heritage of the marine generations of left the commune, it is also located at 5.356 km of Granville in the state of New York, 6.053 km of Granville in Virginia-Western, 6.196 km of Granville in Ohio and 7.766 km of Granville Island with Vancouver inter alia.

Communes bordering

Climate

Granville is located on the coast of the Manche, it is thus subjected to a oceanic Climat. However its positioning sheltered on bay of the Mount-Saint-Michel at the bottom of the Gulf formed by the Normandy and the Brittany enables him to be relatively protected from the storms and the wind (even if it can be exposed with the south-wester), and to profit from lenient temperatures.

Transport

Granville is accessible

conveys some, in particular by the trunk roads displaced NR 171 (today RD 971 since Carentan) and NR 24bis (today RD 924 worms Villedieu-the-Stoves), and is located at 25 kilometers of the has 84 (E 401). It is crossed north in the south by old the NR 811 today RD 911, the road of the littoral until Avranches.
In the train, with the Station of Granville, by the line Paris-Granville at the beginning of the Station Montparnasse and it. The project of the northern section of LGV of the Estuaries should increase the possibilities of connection since and towards Granville.
In.
Into communal exploited by Veolia Transport.
In the plane, by the aerodrome of Granville
In boat, the port of Granville serves the islands Chausey and Anglo-Normans (44 100 passengers), accommodates activities of freight (197 000 T).

Districts and Localities

the Upper town.
Couraye.
the Trench.
the Martyrdom.
the Center.
Saint Nicolas's Day, which corresponds to the old commune of Saint-Nicolas-near-Granville, absorptive in 1962.

Toponymy

The name of the common car its origins of the first lords of the place, the family Grant which accepted the stronghold of William the Conqueror in 1066. The Cape Lihou is named thus by deformation of the word Viking holm meaning island, deformed in hou in termination.

History

Origins

In the beginnings, Granville and the insular district of Chausey would have been included in the Forêt of Scissy, absorbed in 709. Granville which was then in the middle of the grounds, became like Dinard or Saint-Malo a coastal town under the name of Roque of Lihou.

In 1066, William the Conqueror in his conquest of England requested the assistance of the family Grant . In pledge of recognition, it allotted to him the grounds of the Castling of Lihou. Grant are thus the first lords of the city after the Viking S. In 1143 was created the Paroisse Notre-Dame. In 1252, male fault of descendant, Jeanne de Granville Maria with Raoul d' Argouges, lord of Gratot. In 1439 began construction from the church Our-Lady-of-Cape-Lihou.

1439, the October 26th, it is also the date where Sir Thomas Scales, Sénéchal of Normandy, officer English of the Guerre One hundred Year old bought Castling with Jean d' Argouges. On order of the king Henri VI of England, in order to insulate the Mount Saint-Michel, last French head of bridge in Norman territory, it made build the enclosure of Granville. In 1440 began the construction of the fortress. To still protect this city, Thomas Scales made dig a ditch between the peninsula and the continent, so that the sea and water of Boscq made point an island.

But the November 8th 1442, by trick, Louis d' Estouteville taken again the castle which remained consequently definitively with the hands of the French. Charles VII decided to make of Granville a strengthened city and signed in 1445 a charter granting armorial bearings and exempting to Impôt S the inhabitants. As of 1450, the Navire S fished with Newfoundland. In 1470, Louis XI visited the city to make sure of its fidelity in the conflict which opposed it to the Bretons and Bourguignons. In 1492, the Juifs of Spain driven out by the Décret of Alhambra arrived in France. A community settled in Granville, their right of Commerce R and of Prêt er of the money allowed the town of arm an important fleet.

Corsairs with the sea bathings

In 1562 began the repair from the Rempart S and a Garnison settled in the Caserne S. Then in 1593 the keys of the city were presented to Henri IV, marking the importance of the city for the kingdom. Under Louis XIII, the fortifications were adapted to the Artillerie. Starting from the reign of Louis XIV, the ships granvillais had also the right to practice the race. Consequently, between 70 and 80 buildings was to arm and Granville gave 15 admirals to the France, whose most known Georges-Rene Pléville Pelley is . In 1688, Louvois made shave part of defenses of the city. Louis XIV named in 1692 the first mayor of Granville: Luc Leboucher de Gastagny. But in 1695, during the War of the league of Augsburg, the English bombarded the city, destroying 27 houses. Vauban would then have studied improvements to be brought to the fortified town without having time to carry them out.

Following this attack, the ramparts were raised and increased in 1720. Then starting from 1749, of and the enlarging alteration work of the port were undertaken, with in 1750 the installation of the mole always present today. This work was completed in 1757, meanwhile, a news Caserne was built. In 1763, a fire devastated the Faubourg S. In 1777, a news Caserne was added, the barracks Genoa always present today. The July 20th 1786, a new fire was declared, this time in the district of the Trench, with the doors of the Citadelle.

November 14th 1793 with the 24 brumaire of the An II took place the Siège of Granville by the Vendéens during the Virée of Galerne. Pushed back by the population, having lost 2.000 men, they had to give up the attack but left while setting fire to the street the Jews. The September 14th 1803, the English again bombarded the city after having imposed a Blocus of the coasts.

Starting from 1815, after years of military conflicts, into full Restoration, Granville seemed to want to take a new orientation. The Chamber of commerce and of industry was created, in 1816 the banks of Boscq were baptized Cours Jonville, in 1823, the mole was joined to the ground, and in 1827 was posed the first stone of the Phare of the Rock. The port obtained its current aspect after 1856 and the inauguration of the wet dock and the lock. In 1860, the first casino out of wood built by the former Méquin mayor was inaugurated. In 1865, it was followed by the old people's home saint-Pierre. In 1866, Victor Chesnais composed an anthem for its city, “ Granvillaise ”, adapted in 1868 to the Théâtre.

In 1867, the city was equipped with the first lifeboat to Aviron, the Saint-Thomas - and Saint-Joseph - of-Saint-Faron . In 1869, the Journal Granvillais was created and in 1870, the Ligne Paris - Granville was inaugurated. The city became one then really a Seaside resort accommodating the Parisian ones and of the hosts of mark like Stendhal, Jules Michelet or Victor Hugo, or the parents of Maurice Denis, which was born “accidentally” in Granville.

Starting from 1875, great work began again, with the construction of a reserve of 1.200 m ³, Caserne S Polotsk and Solférino, market with the shouted . The city continued to be equipped with the opening in 1884 with the municipal Bibliothèque, in 1886 of the school complex saint-Paul, in 1887 of the Dry dock and in 1897 of a body of firemen. To divert the estivants, the Company of the Granvillaises Regattas was founded in 1889, the Hippodrome and the Company of the Races of Granville in 1890, the Golf in 1912. The October 22nd 1895 take place the accident of the Granville train - Paris in Station of Paris-Montparnasse. Lastly, in 1898, the church saint-Paul was inaugurated. The 20th century began with the fire from the castle from the Peak in 1904. In 1908, the city obtained a tourist office. It became also a center of communication with the opening in 1908 of the line of Railroad and Tramway of Granville with Sourdeval while passing by Avranches, that towards Condé-sur-Vire in 1910. In 1911, new the casino was inaugurated, like the maternity and the Savings bank by the minister Jules Pams. In 1912, the electricity was installed in the commune and the Normandy-Hotel was inaugurated. 1914 was a dark year for Granville with the loss of 4 sailors in the accident of the lifeboat the Admiral-Amédée-Roze and the departure for the war of the soldiers of the 2 {{E}} and 202e regiment of infantry.

The war passed, the Régate S began again in 1919, the Carnaval in 1920 and the native, Lucien Dior, become Commercial Minister in the 7 {{E}} government Aristide Briand visited the city in 1921. In 1925, a news station was inaugurated, Granville became a Health resort and the Hotel of the Baths opened in 1926. In 1931, the last Fishing vessel returned from Newfoundland.

The Second world war in Granville

Town of Garrison and quoted coastal closing the Bay of the Mount-Saint-Michel, Granville was always coveted at the time of the armed conflicts. The June 17th 1940, the German entered Granville. The September 21st 1941, a article published in Granvillais signed name of “Camille”, where the author alerted the readers on the dangers and the lack of base of nearest the Lois on the statute of the Jews of the Régime of Vichy. In spite of this mark of resistance, eight granvillais Juifs were off-set towards Auschwitz: Leon Bobulesco and his two sons Armand and Rodolphe, Simon Goldenberg, his Minka wife and their children Henri and Ruben, Smil Weesler. Three communist underwent the same fate: Leon Lamort, Rene Loncle and Charles Passot.

The whole of the population undergoes the constraints of the occupation. As of the beginning, the German built fortifications on the point of the Rock and prohibited the access to the port. The May 20th 1942, new a Municipal council was installed by the prefect. April 1st 1943, the totality of the High-City due being evacuated, the barriers and the stoppings anti tanks prevented the access of them. The Normandy hotel was transformed into Kommandantur and antenna of the Gestapo.

A name marks this period: Maurice Marland. Born the February 12th 1888 with Cliff, Professor of English, French and civics, it directed a network of resistance. Notable of the city, in 1939, it organized the reception of the Belgian Réfugié S and the evacuation of the British soldiers . Later, with Jules Leprince, they reflect in place of the escapes towards Jersey. Throughout the occupation, its relations enabled him to assemble a clandestine Réseau of Renseignement S on the harbor and railway installations and the enemy force in the Channel Islands. Decree then slackened in 1941 and 1943, it continued despite everything its action until the July 22nd 1944 where it was stopped and cut down in forest of Lucerne at the collaborator request of . The July 23rd 1994, his/her son Serge Marland deposited a Plainte for Crime against humanity, the investigation concludes with the assassination by German soldiers . Today, the hotel college of the common door its name.

The June 6th 1944, the “Plan Green” of sabotage of the railway lines is implemented with the cut of the Ligne Paris - Granville. Released without engagements the July 31st 1944, it was re-occupied a few hours the March 9th 1945 by unloaded soldiers of Jersey.

Modern history

During the War of Algeria, the district sheltered, of 1956 with 1961, the 3rd half-brigade, then the 21e battalion of hunters to foot. It was a center of instruction for several thousands of recruits of the quota before leaving in Kabylie or in the area Tiaret. In 1957, the city accommodated the Tour de France. In 1962, the town of Granville absorbed the commune of Saint-Nicolas-near-Granville. In 1970, the Regional center of Water sport settled in Granville and in 1975, the port was supplemented of a basin of pleasure. In 1972, the Chamber of commerce and of Industry of Granville founded in 1815 taken the name of CCI Granville-Saint-Lô, to become in 2000 the Chamber of commerce and of industry of Center and South-Handle. In 1973, Heudebert always opened a factory of production of Biscotte S in activity. In the Years 1980, the gifts of Richard Anacréon allowed the opening of the Musée of Modern art, of many buildings of the commune were classified or registered with the Historic buildings. In 1984 the military regiments left the barracks, allowing the refitting of the point of the Rock. In 1982, the city obtained new a Hôpital. In 1991 opened the Musée Christian Dior and was signed the Charter of the “Douzelage”, in 2000, the Pépinière of companies was born. In 2003, the highway A84 brought Granville closer to the other agglomerations and capitals.

Demography

Demographic trends

Note: In 1962, the commune of Saint-Nicolas-near-Granville is absorbed. Source: Cassini and INSEE.

Histogram
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Population pyramid

With 18,5% of the population ranging between 60 and 74 years and 14,1% of the population having more than 75 years, Granville is a commune with the rather old population. In the same way, 42,4% of the households are composed of only one person, 10 points higher than the national average.

Administration and policy

Granville is the Chef-lieu canton represented by the General adviser Daniel Caruhel (DVG). The commune is attached to the 3 {{E}} district of the English Channel represented by the Député Alain Cousin (UMP).

33 elected officials sit at the Municipal council, divided into 25 members of the majority UMP and 8 in the opposition including 4 for the PS and 1 for the PCF.

Granville is attached to the courts of authority and great authority of Avranches, with the courts of trade and conciliation board of Coutances, with the Court of Appeal of Caen.

In 2006, the commune had an operational budget of 19.242.367 €, of two Foyers of young workers, of a management company of HLM managing 1.563 residences on the commune, of a Communal center of social action. The tax rates in 2006 amounted to 12,79% for the Taxe from dwelling, 21,50% and 46,33% for the Real estate tax (built and not built), 13,94% for the Professional tax fixed by the Communauté of communes of the Country granvillais.

The city adheres to the Communauté communes of the Country granvillais for town and country planning, the economic development and of housing, the valorization of the environment, the organization of the helps.

Mayors of Granville

Political results

presidential Elections, results of the second rounds:

presidential election of 2007: 52,42% for Nicolas Sarkozy (UMP), 47,58% for Ségolène Royal (PS), 82,27% of participation.
presidential election of 2002: 86,65% for Jacques Chirac (RPR), 13,35% for Jean-Marie Le Pen (FN), 75,32% of participation.

legislative Elections, results of the second rounds:

legislative elections of 2007: 54,48% for M Alain Cousin (UMP), 45,52% for Mrs. Danièle the Jordan-Menninger (PS), 55,09% of participation.
legislative elections of 2002: 54,24% for M Alain Cousin (UMP), 45,76% for Mrs. Danièle the Jordan-Menninger (PS), 55,17% of participation.

European Elections, results of the two best scores:

European elections of 2004: 31,92% for Mr. Henry Weber (PS), 19,08% for Mrs. Tokia Saïfi (UMP), 43,76% of participation.

Regional elections, results of the two best scores:

regional elections of 2004: 50,42% for M Philippe Duron (PS), 38,27% for M Rene Garrec (UMP), 60,39% of participation.

Cantonal elections, results of the second rounds:

cantonal elections of 2008: on standby data.
cantonal elections of 2001: missing data.

Municipal elections, results of the second rounds:

municipal elections of 2008: on standby data.
municipal elections of 2001: missing data.

Elections chief clerks:

Referendum of 2005 relating to the treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe: 51,42% for Yes, 48,58% for Not, 66,22% of participation.

City anchored to right, the communal democracy is animated by the various speakers, the majority in place and the opposition. A group of opposition publishes a newspaper, the Sans-culotte of Granville and Coutances. District committees are distributed in the commune for the animation of the local debate.

Teaching

The commune is attached to the academy of Caen. 4 school complexes maternal and elementary public accommodate the pupils of the commune:

group of Doctor Lanos,
group Jean Macé,
group Jules Ferry,
group Pierre & Marie Curie.

The commune also has the college André Malraux of mainstream education and SEGPA.

The city accommodates 2 colleges: the college Leon Julliot of Morandière for mainstream education, technological and professional, and the hotel college Maurice Marland.

Is added to these public corporations the Sévigné Institution, private school with boarding school of the maternal to the college, and the Notre-Dame schools and Saint-Paul for maternal teaching and elementary.

The commune being one of the seats of the CCI Center and South-Handle, it accommodates a GRETA, the Interconsular group of Formation of the English Channel (FIM), a Training institute in Care Male nurses.

Lastly, the commune has of a recreational center for the reception of the children except periods school, of a family crib and a center multi-reception for the young children.

Health

The commune lays out on its territory, in partnership with Avranches of a hospital of a capacity of reception of 742 beds, proposing services of General medicine, Chirurgie, Gynécologie - Obstétrique, Cardiologie and SMUR. The center is also equipped with a scanner. In 2007, a ministerial decision ratified the closing of the maternity of the communal hospital which carries out 410 Accouchement S per annum.

The commune also accommodates on its territory a center of rehabilitation and readjustment, a center of Thalassothérapie, three old people's homes, two medico-social centers, 91 Médecin S, 8 dental surgeons, 7 pharmacies.

Several associations with medical or social goal are established on the commune, like the Trade union of the Orthophoniste of the English Channel, SNSM, the Rotary Club, the Red Cross, the Popular help.

Public services

Granville accommodates the CCI Center and South-Handle, an antenna of CIF, a subdivision of DDE, a center of Social security, a hotel of the taxes and a treasury, a barracks of gendarmerie, a police station, a help center and fire, an office of the customs, a postal agency , agencies Assedic, Anpe and Afpa, a saleroom and three offices notarial, two lawyers attached to the Barreau of Avranches and one study of Bailiff. The Civil security lays out of a base for the monitoring of the Manche equipped with a EC. 145.

Twinnings

(March 14th) located at 59 kilometers.

Granville is also one of the founders cities of Douzelage. The idea of the “Douzelage” was born in 1989, in the tread of the twinning of the towns of Granville, in France, and of Sherborne, with the the United Kingdom. In 1991, the delegates of twelve European cities (one by country) signed the charter of the “Douzelage” with Granville. Name odd, but however logical since it was about the twinning of twelve cities of the twelve countries of the European Economic community. (This one counts more members now.)

Because of this agreement, Granville is twinned with:

- located at 1.146 kilometers,
- located at 1.055 kilometers,
- located at 876 kilometers,
- located at 778 kilometers,
- located at 1.213 kilometers,
- located at 1.083 kilometers,
- located at 554 kilometers,
- located at 1.223 kilometers,
- located at 2.087 kilometers,
- located at 1.356 kilometers,
- located at 574 kilometers,
- located at 578 kilometers,
- located at 1.637 kilometers,
- located at 2.092 kilometers,
- located at 1.304 kilometers,
- located at 244 kilometers,
- located at 1.982 kilometers,
- located at 1.102 kilometers,
- located at 2.072 kilometers,
- located at 1.518 kilometers.

Daily life with Granville

Culture

The city has many cultural infrastructures, including three Musée S: Dior museum and its garden located in the house of childhood of the dressmaker which makes it possible to discover the artistic and cultural context of the time of Christian Dior on the history of the mode, the Museum of the Granville Old man located in the home of the King which offers an outline of the history of the city, the Museum of Modern art Richard Anacréon. It accommodates also a Aquarium located on the point which exposes many fish species of hot sea and three spaces of exposure: the Fairyhood of the Shells, the Mineral Palate and the Garden of the Butterflies.

For the cultural leisures, the media library Charles of Morandière, in Downtown area, the Library for all, the room of the Archipelago, versatile room of 600 places and Théâtre of outdoor of 400 places is officially agreed since 2006, small the Théâtre of the Peninsula of a capacity of 65 places, the cinema Select recently renovated offers 3 rooms, a music school and a numerical Public space animates the life of the commune.

64 associations relay and encourage the communal cultural life.

The sport

Granville is equipped with many sporting structures making it possible to practice many activities:

the center multisports of the C.O.S.E.C. (Sports complex of Evolution Covered) equipped with two grounds of Football, two grounds of Rugby, two grounds of Basketball, a track of Athletics, a Bowling pitch, a Skatepark, a track of stunt bike, four rooms of Gymnastic Judo and ;
the Stage Louis Dior, equipped with a ground of honor of Football of two other grounds and with a track of Athletics;
two Gymnasium S, Andre Malraux and Pierre de Coubertin;
a swimming pool covered;
ten courts of covered Tennis, in beaten Ground or Grass;
the Regional center of Water sport for the activities of veil;
the Golf 27 holes builds in 1912 in seaside;
the horse club and the Hippodrome of trot and gallop of open dish and obstacles in 1890;
the Shooting-trap;
the Regional School of Parachuting and two independent schools;
the Flying-club and the school of ULM.

A council school of the sports and a council school of Natation ensure the training of the bachelors. 62 associations ensure the relay of the communal services.

In Cycling, Granville was city-stage of the Tour de France in 1957, and the Tour of the English Channel spends each year to Granville. In Veil: Granville is each year city-stage of the Tour de France to the veil. In August are organized a turn of the Rock to the stroke, the Régate S of Chausey and Bisquine S where clashes Granvillaise and Cancalaise, the Raid of Catamaran of the Baie of the Mount-Saint-Michel.

Festivities

the Carnaval is held each year during the week preceding fatty Tuesday. It formerly celebrated the departure of the sailors towards Newfoundland.
the festival of the saint-owner of the commune is organized with the Pentecost.
Each year, the 3rd week of July is devoted to the Festival street the Bathrobes, whose 5th edition was held in 2007.
In the concerts in the open air is organized during the tourist season.
the procession of the Great Forgiveness of the Corporations and the Sea is traditionally organized last Sunday of July.
the Night of the Welders, festival gathering the artists working metal, is held the first weekend of August.
the same weekend is organized the Day of the Livre during which authors dedicate their works.
Two Foire S is organized 2nd Saturday of April and 3rd Saturday of September, a Brocante is organized the weekend of the July 14th and a living room of the Antiquaire S the previous weekend the August 15th. The living room of the collectors is programmed last Sunday of October.
In 2005, the common one celebrated the centenary of the birth of Christian Dior while organizing in the whole of the sites of the city of the exposures and the retrospectives on the work and the life of the dressmaker.

Places of worships

The catholic Parish of Granville, with the churches Our-Lady-of-Cape-Lihou, saint-Paul and Saint Nicolas's Day depends on the Diocèse on Coutances-and-Avranches directed by the bishop Stanislas Lalanne.

A temple protesting of the Church reformed of France and another of the evangelic church accommodate the faithful ones.

Economy

Granville is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Center and South-Handle. It manages the port and the Aéroport of the commune. It is also an important tourist resort of the Baie of the Mount-Saint-Michel. Accessible by the Station from Granville and located at 25 km of the Highway of the Estuaries, it is an important economic pole of the south of the department of the English Channel. It set up a Pépinière of companies and lays out of three zones of industrial activity or : Mesnil, Parfonterie and Pretôt. The largest employers of the commune are the center of Thalassothérapie Normandy , the general Compagnie of water and Biscotte machines it laughs Lu - Heudebert open in 1973. In 2005, the Unemployment rate was of 7,6% for an evaluated active population with 5.128 people, the average revenue per capita of 14.864 €/an, 43,2% of the inhabitants were owners of their housing, the commune accommodates 930 companies. Granville was until in 1984 a town of Garnison with the presence of a quota of the 1 {{er}} RIMa. A Marché is held every saturday on the Jonville Course.

The port

The port of Granville dates from the 16th century, it is managed by the CCI of Center and South-Handle, and gathers activities of pleasure, fishing, trade and traffic of passengers. In 2005, it was placed at the 32e national row with 197.000 tons of transported freight treated and 44.100 passengers. It is also a permanent station of the SNSM which has to with it of a Boat All Times (code SNS 074) and two inflatable dinghies.

Of an oyster port cod-fishing boat and at the 19th century, it became:

a wearing of transport of passengers with the high-speed motorboats Pretty-France-II, Young person-France-II and the Catamaran Young person-France bound for the islands Chausey and Anglo-Normans;
a port commercial with the capacity to accommodate some 18 m broad ships, 125 m the long ones and 5 to 6.000 capacity tons, mainly for cargoes of scrap, sands and gravels equipped with two cranes being able to raise from 100 to 300 tons per hour, of a grasshopper of a capacity of 750 tons per hour;
1st Norman fishing port to the Shell S (Hard shell clam S, bulots, almonds, Saint-Jacob), crustacean (Lobster S, oil cakes, currycombs, spiders) and Poisson S (sea-bream S, Line S, dogfish, Plate S, lieus yellow, bars, Mullet S, pouts, cuttlefish, Squid S) for local consumption with a market with tide, a refrigerating terminal and a sale computerized products;
a marina since 1975 of 1.000 rings in the basin of Hérel.

A project of extension and refitting of the port envisages an addition of 600 places for the navigation of pleasure, the digging of the basins and channels of access to lengthen the durations of access and the capacity of reception except stranding, the addition of a quay reserved for the cruising ships and exception, a new connection city-port, with the study of project of a prolongation of the Railway, a refitting of the road service roads, by respecting and developing the environmental and architectural inheritance, in particular the thrown of the 18th century and 19th century.

The airport

The Aéroport of Granville-Mount-Saint-Michel is specialized in the aviation of tourism and leisures.

See also: Airport of Granville-Mount-Saint-Michel

Tourism

The Tourisme represents a big part of the local economy. The commune has a Tourist office which ensures the promotion of the Monument S, Musée S and natural sites, adheres to association Plus beautiful turnings of France. She proposes many infrastructures, of which some certified by the label Qualité Tourism delivered by the Ministère of the Economy, Finances and Employment: two Hotel S 3 ***, six Hotel S 2 ** and seven Hotel S not classified for a total of 213 rooms, two Camp-site S 3 *** for a total of 145 sites, communal lodgings on the islands Chausey and of the rooms of host, a Inn of youth, a center of Thalassotherapy, thirty-three Restaurant S for a total of 1.931 covers. For the entertainments, the city proposes a independent casino, four Musée S, a public Aquarium, a architectural inheritance and environmental rich person, four Plage S, and four terminals of access Wi-Fi. 17,5% of the residences of Granville are second home, to 54,1% of the Appartement S. Several cruisings have as a departure the port of Granville, bound for Chausey, the Channel Islands, the Île of Wight, the Scilly Isles, and the Ireland.

This organization and this promotion of tourism allow an important frequentation of the site, with 69.627 passengers bound for Chausey in 2006, 54.301 visitors for the Museum Christian Dior, 43.500 for the Aquarium of the Rock in 2005.

Culture and inheritance

Environmental inheritance

Granville is located near the site protected from the Baie of the Mount-Saint-Michel, the Falaise, the High-City and the islands Chausey, are them even registered in the list of the sites protected by DIREN from Normandy. North in the south while passing by the peninsula, the city is crossed by the Sentier of great excursion GR. 223 which traverses the Normandy Honfleur with Avranches while following the coast.

The common one was rewarded by three flowers to the Concours for the cities and flowered villages grace in particular to its parks and gardens: garden Christian Dior, Valley-be-Fleur garden of 3 hectares, the Marland public gardens, of the Arsenal, Chartier, of Bisquine, the walks Charles VII, of the port and the Dish Bracket and the Golf landscape built in 1912 on the territory of Bréville-on-Sea by Harry Colt.

The islands Chausey were proposed in 1992 to integrate the Réseau Natura 2000, but the Council of the community of communes emitted in 2003 an unfavorable opinion, blocking the procedure to date. On the other hand, the Conservatoire of the littoral acquired the point of the Headlight.

Moreover, the commune has on its territory of a station of purification of water and of a treatment plant waste by incineration and Recyclage.

Architectural heritage

the church Notre-Dame of the Cape Lihou, built at the 14th century, the chorus of 1641, the Nave of 1655, the vaults of 1676 and 1688, the Sacristy of 1771, classified historic building since 1930.
the church Saint-Paul.
the church Saint Nicolas's Day.
the protesting Temple.
the statue of Pléville Pelley.
the casino of style Art nouveau and Art déco, built between 1910 and 1925 by the architect Auguste Bluysen, registered with the historic buildings since 1992.
the hotel of the baths of 1926.
the station of the 19th century.
the castle of Grainville, built with the 15th century, registered voter with the historic buildings since 1980.
the castle of the Peak.
the enclosure made up of the Rampart S, the Drawbridge (or Grand' Carries) and of the houses, built at the 15th century, destroyed then raised in 1727, registered with the historic buildings since 2004.
On the point of the Rock dominating the city, the Barracks Bazeilles built in 1758, the Barracks Genoa-Champagne built in 1788 and the battery built in 1942 by the German occupant are registered with the historic buildings since 1987 and 1994.
the Headlight of Granville, on the Cape Lihou, built in 1828 according to a study of Augustin Fresnel, high of 18 meters.
the Headlight of Chausey, built in 1844, high of 19 meters.
the Headlight of Sénéquet on the rock of Sénéquet, with 2 miles with the broad one.
the Manoir Saint Nicolas's Day, built in 1786 by the ship-owner Nicolas Deslandes is registered with the historic buildings since 1986.
the Golf 27 holes builds in 1912 by Harry Shapland Colt.

Personalities

Thomas de Scales (v. 1400 - 1460), knight of the Jumper founded the citadel.
John Granville (1628 - 1701), 1st count de Bath, soldier of the English Civil war lived there.
George Granville (1666 - 1735), 1st baron Lansdowne, Poet playwright and politician English lived there.
John Carteret (1690 - 1763), 2nd count Granville, British statesman lived there.
Louis-Georges de Bréquigny (1714 - 1795), Historian and Paléographe was born there.
Robert de Carteret (1721 - 1776), 3rd count Granville lived there.
Georges-Rene Pléville Pelley (1726 - 1805), Vice-admiral, Minister for the marine and the colonies, was born there.
Pierre-Nicolas Perrée-Duhamel (1747 - 1816), mayor of Granville, member of the the Council of Old the and the Tribunat was born there.
Etienne-François the Turner (1751 - 1817), politician Appointed of the constituent Assembly of 1789, Minister of Interior Department and prefect was born there.
Jacques Epron of the Gardens (1767 - 1837), Commander of Argonaute to the Bataille of Trafalgar was born there.
Jacques Epron of Horie (1768 - 1841), Captain of Piedmontese, was born there and there died.
Louis Jacob (1768 - 1854), Politician and Admiral lived there.
Pierre Dumanoir Pelley (1770 - 1829), Vice-admiral, Politician and Commandeur of the Legion of honor was born there.
Jacques Destouches (1780 - 1858), royal mail, was born there.
Eustace Bérat (1791 - 1870), Draftsman and Chansonnier died there.
Michel Hébert (1799 - 1887), Politician and magistrate was born there.
Louis Henri de Gueydon (1809 - 1886), Vice-admiral, governor of the Algeria, was born there.
Fortunate of Boisgobey (1821 - 1891), writer was born there.
Charles Lhuillier (1824 - 1898), painter, was born there.
Paul Pear tree (1853 - 1907), professor of Anatomy to the Medical college of Paris, was born there.
Emile Guépratte says “not honor”, (1856 - 1939), Admiral, Grand' Croix of the Legion of Honor, was born there.
Eugene Mouël (1859 - 1934), writer and Poète lived there.
Orange Maurice (1867 - 1916), painter, lived there.
Lucien Dior (1867 - 1932), mayor of Granville, deputy of the English Channel, Minister Commercial and Industry, was born there.
Maurice Denis (1870 - 1943), painter, engraver, Theorist and historian of French art was born there.
Edmond-Marie Foal (1878 - 1951), painter, died there.
Fernand Foil (1883 - 1945), Poet, remained there in its youth.
Leon Julliot of Morandière, (1885 - 1968), professor and Senior of the Faculty of Law of Paris, then with the University Paris II the Pantheon-Assas, also director of the Institute of Compared Right of Paris was born there.
Jean Tissier (1896 - 1973), Acteur died there.
Josyane (1901 - 1999), actress was born there.
Christian Dior (1905 - 1957), dressmaker, was born there.
Eric Crozier (1914 - 1994), livrettist and scenario writer died there.
Guy Degrenne (1925 - 2006), owner of Industrie died there.
Alain Herve (1932 -), Journaliste was born there.
Pierre Pican (1935 -), bishop of Bayeux and Lisieux, was born there.
Georges Fleury (1939 -), writer was born there.
Gerard Petitpas (1939 -), navigator was born there.
Angele Delaunois (1946 -), writer was born there.
Michel Santier (1947 -), bishop of Luçon and Creteil, was born there.
Philippe Pemezec (1955 -), Politician was born there.
Jacques Gamblin (1957 -), Actor, was born there.
Christophe Auguin (1959 -), navigator, victorious from the Vendée Globe in 1996 was born there.
Lucile Rogations (1984 -), Woman of letters which published its first work at 12 years, gaining price of youth Flammarion. there July 14th 1984 was born the . It currently continues its studies with ESC Rouen.
Bernard Beck mayor of Granville of 1990 with 1994, First President of the Court of Auditors of 1978 with 1982.
Stendhal, Jules Michelet, Victor Hugo, Adolphe Leon Willette and Gustave Goublier remained there.

Heraldic

The blazon of Granville changed several times at the court of its history. The first, granted by Charles VIII in 1487 was as follows:

Of azure to a dextrochère of Gold, driving of an of the same cloud, which holds a sword of Argent assembled Or and placed between three star S of same.

the sword symbolizing the patriotism of the city at the time of the English occupation, stars appearing the night of the November 8th 1442 where Louis d' Estouteville taken again to them the city. The second blazon was set up in 1697:

Of azure to the dextrochère armed with Gold driving of a cloud with same and holding a sword of Money, guard and handle of Gold, surmounted of a sun of same.

the sun replaced stars, this new blazon symbolized the importance of Granville in the monitoring of the coasts of Bay. In 1793, the influence of the Révolution modifies the azure by the mouths, but the arm is not armed any more and the sword becomes a honorary part, which gives:

Of Mouths to a arm tightened outgoing Money of a cloud of azure, holding a sword of Money with the guard of Gold posed in stake.

In 1811, the First Empire offers new weapons to the city, Napoleon i adding the distinctive signs of the towns of second order, the district in charge of a NR capital and a gold star and the ornament external of a mural crown:

Of azure to the fasce nuagée of Money, accompanied by three star S of Gold, two in chief and one points some, charged with a dextrochère armed, sand, driving sinistral side of the ecu and holding a high sword of Or frankly, district and signs external of the towns of second order.

Lastly, in 1816 under the Restoration, the city returns to its blazon of 1697, fault of being able to pay the fees registration to return to the original blazon. This blazon is appropriate now for the commune, the azure and the sun symbolizing its balneal character, the sword pointing out its military past of garrison city.
The blazon of Granville appears on the Locomotive S n°X4791 and 8719C of the SNCF within the framework of sponsorships.

Gastronomy

Granville is famous for its marine products, in particular the sprinkled Galette granvillaise with the Saint-Jacob Crème, the sea-bream in salt crust and its virgin sauce (moulds, gray shrimps, Bigorneau X, bulots), the Sole with the granvillaise accompanied by moulds and bouquets, the Scallop with the cream. A speciality of the insular district of Chausey is also attached to him: the green Sauce of Chausey. The Saturday, a market is held in downtown area making it possible to buy local products. Lastly, the hotel college Maurice Marland de Granville guarantees the transmission of the know-how of the Cuisine Norman.

Patois granvillais

Beyond the Norman Patois , there exists a patois of the country granvillais with its expressions. One can quote for example achitrer which means to strike a punch.

Myths and legends

the islands Chausey would be an old part of the Forêt of Scissy, old place of pagan worship , which covered all bay and which would have disappeared in 709 under the floods.
a Légende tells that a 14 year old orphan to the only first name of Charles enlisted like Corsaire with Saint-Malo for the account of Louis XIV. Responsible for the provisioning of the sailors, it carried a distillate Pomme and of Poire. After military important facts, the young man Maria and settled in Granville. The king, as a sign of recognition authorized it to take the name of Charles de Granville. Installed in the city, it continued the production of the beverage and decided to preserve it in barrels Chêne for maturation. The Calvados Charles de Granville had been born.

Gallery

See too

Internal bonds

Common of the English Channel
List of war memorials French surmounted by a cock
Islands Chausey

External bonds

Official site
Musée Christian Dior
Marins granvillais
Granville on the site of the IGN
Granville on the site of INSEE
Granville on the site of Quid
Granville on the site GeneaWiki
Granville on the site Wikitravel
Granville on the site Wikimanche
Granville on ViaMichelin
general Vue satellite on WikiMapia

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