Government Maurice Duplessis (2)

The mandate of the government of Maurice Duplessis , become Prime Minister for Quebec following his victory with the general elections of August 8th, 1944, extended from the August 30th 1944 with the September 7th 1959, date of its death. It had before obtained a first mandate, of 1936 with 1939.

Composition in 1944

  • Omer Side: provincial secretary.

  • Laurent Barred: Minister for Agriculture.

  • Joseph-Damask Bégin: Minister for Colonization.

  • Camille Pouliot : Minister for Hunting and the Fisheries.

  • Jonathan Robinson: Minister for the Mines.

  • Bona Dussault : Minister for the municipal Businesses.

  • Albiny Parcels up: Minister for Health.

Rehandling in 1945:

  • John Samuel Bourque: Minister for the Grounds and Forests, Minister for the Hydraulic resources.

Rehandling in 1946:

  • Paul Saved: minister of has Jeunesse and of the social Wellbeing.

Rehandling in 1948:

  • Charles Daniel French: Minister for the Mines.

Composition in 1950

  • Maurice Duplessis: Prime Minister, public prosecutor.

  • Omer Side: provincial secretary.

  • Barred Laurent: Minister for Agriculture.

  • Bégin Joseph-Damask: Minister for Colonization.

  • Camille Pouliot: Minister for Hunting and the Fisheries.

  • Charles Daniel French: Minister for the Mines.

  • John Samuel Bourque: Minister for the Grounds and Forests, Minister for the Hydraulic resources.

  • Antonio Talbot: Minister for Voierie.

  • Lorraine Romeo: public Minister for Labor.

  • Antonio Barrette: Minister for Labor.

  • Bona Dussault: Minister for the municipal Businesses.

  • Paul Beaulieu: trade and Minister of Industry.

  • Albiny Parcels up: Minister for Health.

  • Saved Paul: Minister for Youth and the social Wellbeing.

In 1951, Onésime Gagnon takes the title of Minister for Finance.

Rehandling in 1953:

  • Yves Prévost: Minister for the municipal Businesses.

Rehandling in 1954:

  • Antoine Rivard: Solicitor General, Minister for Transport and Transport.

  • William Cottingham: Minister for the Mines.

Rehandling in 1956:

  • Yves Prévost; provincial secretary.

  • Paul Dozois: Minister for the municipal Businesses.

Composition in 1958

  • Maurice Duplessis: Prime Minister, public prosecutor.

  • John Bourque: Minister for Finance.

  • Yves Prévost: provincial secretary.

  • Antoine Rivard: Solicitor General, Minister for Transport and Transport.

  • Barred Laurent: Minister for Agriculture.

  • Bégin Joseph-Damask: Minister for Colonization.

  • Camille Pouliot: Minister for Hunting and the Fisheries.

  • William Cottingham: Minister for the Mines.

  • Daniel Johnson: Minister for the Hydraulic resources.

  • Antonio Talbot: Minister for Voierie.

  • Lorraine Romeo: public Minister for Labor.

  • Antonio Barrette: Minister for Labor.

  • Paul Dozois: Minister for the municipal Businesses.

  • Paul Beaulieu: trade and Minister of Industry.

  • Arthur Leclerc: Minister for Health.

  • Saved Paul: Minister for Youth and the social Wellbeing.

Chronology

  • August 30th 1944: assermentation of the Duplessis cabinet in front of the lieutenant-governor Eugene Fiset.

  • November 23rd 1944: Mackenzie King deposits its law on the conscription. The Duplessis government protests but declares that Quebec will respect it.

  • February 7th 1945: first session of the 22e Legislature. A project of rural electrification is announced.

  • February 27th 1945: an Office of the Radio of Quebec is charged to establish a radio of State which should take the name of Radio-Quebec. This project will finally never be born.

  • May 15th 1945: a law on the mines creates some 20 year old beams in order to support mining in New Quebec.

  • July 25th 1945: John Bourque becomes the Prime Minister for the Hydraulic resources.

  • August 6th 1945: at the time of a federal-provincial conference, Ottawa announces its intention to keep the exclusive control of the income taxes, the corporations and the successions which the provinces during the war had given up to him.

  • February 13rd 1946: second session of the 22e Legislature. Creation of a ministry for Youth announces.

  • March 12th 1946: the mining company Hollinger rents for 97 years a territory of 6240 km ² in New Quebec.

  • March 18th 1947: the government starts a fight against the Témoins of Jéhovah by depositing a law allowing the municipalities to regulate the distribution of the leaflets. Duplessis shows them to distribute a unhealthy and seditious propaganda .

  • February 25th 1948: Duplessis puts under the guard of its government the Polish treasures entrusted to Hospital of Quebec in 1939, the day before the German invasion, and that he refuses to give again in Poland under pretext which it became communist.

  • July 28th 1948: one crushes the Liberal party at the time of the general elections. 82 of its candidates are elected against 8 for their adversaries. Adélard Godbout, the liberal chief, loses even in its county.

  • August 9th 1948: several artists sign the total Refus, proclamation claiming more freedom with arts and the culture.

  • 1949 : Strike of asbestos to Asbestos. The workmen ask for a substantial rise their wages and better work conditions. The Duplessis government sends several police officers of the SQ to Asbestos. Several scuffles take place. A riot bursts when the strikers try to prevent the scabs from entering the factory. The police officers launch teargas grenades. The act of riot is read. There are 125 arrests.

  • November 23rd 1949: the Massey Commission, installation by Ottawa, begins its audiences. Its goal is to inquire into the advance of arts, the letters and sciences in Canada. Quebec questions its constitutionality, the culture being of competence ^provinciale.

  • 25 - September 28th 1950: the federal-provincial conference in Quebec discusses a possible repatriation of the Constitution of London.

  • January 31st 1951: the Duplessis bridge of Three-Rivers collapses, making 4 dead. Duplessis speaks about sabotage on behalf of the Communists.

  • May 5th 1951: federal-provincial agreement on the old-age pensions which will be granted by Ottawa.

  • June 1st 1951: the Commission Report Massey recommends the creation of the Canadian Council of arts and letters, a federal help at the universities and a wide system of grants and research.

  • Be 1951: Lapalme shows Duplessis to sell iron " a penny the ton with the American companies.

  • November 1951: the provincial treasurer takes the name of Minister for Finance .

  • 1952 : strike of the textile to Louiseville. The 800 workmen of the Associated Textile , who work to 67 hundreds the hour, ask for an increase of 20 hundreds whereas the employer offers 8 ½ hundreds. In December, after ten months of strike, the strikers dynamite a bus. After reading of the act of riot, the police force disperses a crowd of 300 people and expels the strikers of the room of the trade union where they had gathered. There are six wounded including one in a serious condition, reached of one ball to the head.

  • July 16th 1952: general election: the National union obtains 68 seats and the liberals 23.

  • February 10th 1953: end of the strike of Louiseville, workmen having finally obtained an increase of 12 hundreds the hour.

  • January 1954: adoption of laws anti-workers. Law 19 refuses certification to the trade unions which accept Communists in their rows; law 20 takes it from those which support the recourse to the strike.

  • February 14th 1954: Onésime Gagnon files in a bill creating a provincial tax on the income.

  • February 19th 1954: adoption of a law restricting the right of worship to the Witnesses of Jéhovah.

  • Mars 1954: law 52 creates the Université of Sherbrooke.

  • October 1955: the federal-provincial conference relates to a possible creation of a program of insurance-health refused by Duplessis.

  • April 6th 1956: the Commission Report Tremblay on the constitutional problems states that the federal one should be limited to the indirect taxes whereas the direct taxes would be taken by the provinces; those should also assume the social responsibility for the security measures.

  • June 20th 1956: Duplessis gains its last general election with 72 unionistic candidates elected officials against 19 liberals and independent.

  • March 8th 1957: the Loi of the lock is declared illegal by the Supreme court.

  • 1957 : Strike of the minors of Murdochville who ask for the legalization of their trade union. Again, Duplessis sends the provincial police force to restore the order. After 5 months of strike, the strikers must turn over to work without to have obtained satisfaction.

  • June 13rd 1958: the Scandale of the natural gas is updated by the Duty . Civils servant of the Hydro-Quebec would have received favors to facilitate the sale of the network of gas to a private company whose certain shareholders would be Ministers for the government. Among the implied ministers, John Bourque, Antonio Barrette, Paul Dozois and Daniel Johnson are.

Characteristics

The period duplessist, that some called the great blackness , is characterized by an economic strong growth but also by the deep conservatism posted by the government. As before him the governments Taschereau and Gouin, it rests on the private company and the American large capital to develop Quebec while misant especially on the exploitation of the natural resources. It puts side the new orientations of the État-providence recommended in Europe and rather defends the values and the practices in conformity with the tradition. He does not hesitate to legislate against the groups which he regards as subversive: trade unions, Witnesses of Jéhovah, journalists and the reformists whom it easily compares to the Communists.

In 1944, the National union made countryside on the topic of the provincial Autonomie thanks to which it has Pu to obtain the vote of several disappointed nationalists of the government Godbout. Its nationalism traditionalist stresses the defense of the language, the catholic faith and the preserving values. Its fights against Ottawa aim more at defending the competences and the capacities conferred on the provinces by the AANB and threatened by the federal one to obtain new capacities in conformity with the needs for modern Quebec.

As from 1956, the opponents with the mode denounce more and more the partisan spirit, the patronage and the nepotism of the government. In 1958, the Duty makes public the scandal of the natural gas in which several ministers are implied having carried out a stock exchange blow of $20 million, at the time of the sale of the public network of natural gas to a private company. The mode appears seriously shaken then, but Duplessis dies before general elections do not have Pu really to show it.

Sources

  • Jacques Lacoursière. popular History of Quebec , volume IV. North. 1997.

  • Paul-Andre Linteau, Rene Durocher, Jean-Claude Robert and François Ricard. History of contemporary Quebec , volume II. Boreal Express train. 1986.

  • Conrad Black. Duplessis , volume II. Editions of the Man. 1977.

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